Deck 5: Errors of Conduction: Tachycardia

Question 1

Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is associated with a short QT interval.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

A re-entry circuit can depolarize the entire myocardium rapidly and repeatedly, establishing a re-entry tachycardia, or it can depolarize small segments of myocardium, creating either an atrial or ventricular fibrillation.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The difference between ventricular flutter, which can be tolerated for a limited time, and ventricular tachycardia, which cannot be tolerated, is the rate.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The formula for cardiac output is ____.

A) Ejection Volume x Heart Rate
B) Ejection Fraction x Heart Rate
C) Stroke Volume x Heart Rate
D) Stroke Rate x Heart Volume

Question 5

Cardioversion works best when the tachydysrhythmia is the result of an error of conduction.

Question 6

Atrial flutter has a slightly smaller circuit, or microcircuit, compared to atrial fibrillation.

Question 7

____ is often grouped together with ventricular tachycardia, and may be considered a form of extreme ventricular tachycardia.

A) Vagal maneuver
B) SA node re-entry tachycardia
C) Ventricular flutter
D) Regular narrow complex tachycardia

Question 8

When polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is preceded by a rhythm with a prolonged QT interval, either congenital or medication induced, it is called ____.

A) torsades de pointes
B) AV nodal re-entry tachycardia
C) pre-excitation syndrome
D) re-entrant tachycardia

Question 9

Electrophysiologic mapping has identified three mechanisms: AV nodal re-entry tachycardia (AVNRT), AV re-entry tachycardia (AVRT), and REAL paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT).

Question 10

All tachycardias that originate above the ventricles are called ____.

A) supraventricular tachycardias
B) microventricular tachycardias
C) sinoatrial node re-entry tachycardias
D) macroventricular tachycardias

Question 11

Electrocardiograms are grouped in order of similar characteristics.

Question 12

____ can be distinguished by a number of minor changes in the precordial leads that distinguish WPW into types A, B, and C.

A) RWS
B) TdP
C) LGL syndrome
D) WPW syndrome

Question 13

The crux issue with errors of ____ is the heart rate that is either too fast or too slow.

A) dysrhythmia
B) re-entry phenomena
C) conduction
D) depolarization

Question 14

Beta/adrenergic blocking agents have an antidysrhythmic effect that is cardioprotective to patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Question 15

The pathologic mechanism for a too fast heart rate is thought to be due to a ____.

A) depolarization
B) macrocircuit
C) sinoatrial node re-entry
D) re-entry phenomena

Question 16

Atrial flutter is a common rhythm that may be found in patients with ischemic heart disease or valvular disorders.

Question 17

The ____ is a slurring of the upstroke of the R wave that broadens the QRS slightly.

A) atrial flutter
B) gamma wave
C) alpha wave
D) delta wave

Question 18

Like all tachycardia, monomorphic tachycardia can be tolerated for a short period of time before the patient becomes symptomatic.

Question 19

____ is a relatively rare tachydysrhythmia that results from a re-entry circuit around the SA node.

A) Regular narrow complex tachycardia
B) Sinoatrial node re-entry tachycardia
C) Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
D) AV node re-entry tachycardia

Question 20

When one branch of the AV node conducts the impulse forward and the other branch of the AV node conducts it backward, this is called ____ tachycardia.

A) anterograde
B) antidromic
C) retrograde
D) paroxysmal

Question 21

____, a subset of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, occurs with patients who either have congenital prolonged QT syndromes, or who have a drug-induced QT interval prolongation.

A) Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
B) Torsades de pointes (TdP)
C) Ventricular bigeminy
D) Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

Question 22

____ is an error of conduction.

A) Paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia
B) Junctional tachycardia
C) Junctional ectopic tachycardia
D) Sinus tachycardia

Question 23

____ is a fast rhythm initiated above the level of the ventricles.

A) A/V nodal re-entry tachycardia
B) AV re-entry tachycardia
C) Junctional tachycardia
D) Tachydysrhythmia

Question 24

A regular wide QRS tachycardia is most likely ____.

A) ventricular tachycardia
B) supraventricular tachycardia
C) Wolff-Parkinson-White
D) tachydysrhythmia

Question 25

____________________ occurs when the early or premature activation of the ventricles, through the use of a congenital accessory tract that goes around the AV node, allows a circus movement to occur.

Question 26

____________________ maneuvers are methods used to evaluate and treat cardiac arrhythmias and conduction abnormalities.

Question 27

____ syndrome is a genetic abnormality that causes the heart rhythm to degenerate into torsades de pointes (TdP).

A) Wolfe-Parkinson-White
B) Long-Ganong-Levine
C) Romano-Ward
D) Valsalva

Question 28

Strictly speaking, ____________________ is the procedure used to convert an organized rhythm into a sinus rhythm.

Question 29

Since the pacemaker in ventricular tachycardia is in the ventricles, the deflection of the R waves is all in the same direction, or in ____________________ across the precordial leads.

Question 30

____ is defined as changing the heart's rhythm.

A) Defibrillation
B) Cardioversion
C) Asystole
D) Fibrillation

Question 31

The preferred method of vagal stimulation in the field is called the ____.

A) Valsalva maneuver
B) Valsalva procedure
C) Valsalva method
D) Valsalva massage

Question 32

To administer procainamide, the Paramedic must first calculate the total dose at ____ mg per kilogram.

A) 12
B) 15
C) 17
D) 20

Question 33

Typically, ____ is a regular rhythm stimulated by a re-entry circuit within the ventricles.

A) ventricular tachycardia
B) sinus tachycardia
C) atrial fibrillation with aberrancy
D) polymorphic ventricular tachycardia

Question 34

If the adenosine is not effective in terminating a regular narrow complex tachycardia, the Paramedic should consider using a(n) ____.

A) beta/adrenergic blocker
B) ACE inhibitor
C) alpha blocker
D) calcium channel blocker

Question 35

The abnormal awareness of one's heart beating in one's chest is called a(n) ____________________.