Deck 9: Disorders of Ventilation

Question 1

Treatment modalities for patients with asthma are often based upon ____.

A) frequency of attacks
B) age
C) classification
D) sputum type

Answer 1

classification

Question 2

____ is generally a disease of the old and cigarette smokers.

A) Asthma
B) Emphysema
C) COPD
D) Bronchitis

Answer 2

Emphysema

Question 3

The patient with moderate persistent asthma is symptomatic on approximately a monthly basis.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The American Association for Respiratory Care describes ____ as a "common disease" affecting the bronchial tree and causing bronchospasm.

A) bronchitis
B) asthma
C) emphysema
D) COPD

Question 5

____ is the cardinal sign of acute respiratory distress that tends to grab the Paramedic's attention.

A) Rhals
B) Bronchospasm
C) Wheezing
D) Airway obstruction

Question 6

Respiratory acidosis causes a shift in the oxyhemoglobin curve to the left.

Question 7

Although an asthma attack is generally limited to a few hours, provided the patient obtains treatment, the shortness of breath associated with emphysema can last for weeks or even months.

Question 8

In all pathologies that lead to Type II respiratory failure, the common thread is the retention of carbon dioxide in the blood, or ____.

A) hypercarbia
B) emphysema
C) hypoventilation
D) airway obstruction

Question 9

____, also called bullae, are bubble-like blisters on the pleural lining that, when under increased intrathoracic pressure can rupture, leading to a spontaneous pneumothorax.

A) Blebs
B) Alveolar sacs
C) Goblet cells
D) Goblin cells

Question 10

The initiation of a patient's breath occurs at the medulla oblongata and pons.

Question 11

The three primary obstructive pulmonary diseases are asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema.

Question 12

Polycythemia decreases the thickness (viscosity) of the blood.

Question 13

____ involves some disease process that creates an obstacle to free airflow in the airway.

A) Emphysema
B) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
C) Chronic bronchitis
D) Obesity hypoventilation syndrome

Question 14

Most patients with asthma are generally aware of the degree of severity of their attack.

Question 15

Traditional allergens, such as pollen, mold, and animal dander, are examples of intrinsic triggers which induce an IgE-mediated reaction.

Question 16

A SAMPLE history which includes use of the mnemonic ____, can help the Paramedic establish the cause of the patient's shortness of breath.

A) HAPISOCS
B) HIPASOCS
C) HOPSACIS
D) HISAPOCS

Question 17

____ is a genetic, IgE antibody-induced hypersensitivity to allergens found in approximately 50% of the population.

A) Conjunctivitis
B) Eczema
C) Perlèche
D) Atopy

Question 18

To remember all the potential causes of wheezing, the mnemonic ____ can be used.

A) BRONCHO
B) AIR
C) ACUTE
D) ASTHMATIC

Question 19

Tobacco smoke from cigarettes and cigars contains some 4,000 identified chemicals of which dozens are either toxic chemicals or known carcinogens.

Question 20

A key to airway inflammation in asthma is hyperresponsiveness of the airway.

Question 21

____ occurs whenever a drug anesthetizes the brain, particularly the reticular activating system of the brainstem, and induces a state of impaired consciousness ranging from stupor to coma.

A) Narcosis
B) Hypoxia
C) Monosyllabic answers
D) Hypercarbia

Question 22

Drugs that interfere with the parasympathetic neurotransmitter are called ____.

A) sympathomimetics
B) beta agonists
C) steroids
D) anticholinergics

Question 23

____________________ is the tendency of the bronchioles to narrow (bronchoconstrict) with the smallest of stimulus.

Question 24

Acute cor pulmonale can occur because of a(n) ____________________, which can cause instant increase in pulmonary resistance.

Question 25

Sputum that is clear, white, or grey, called ____, is the combination of mucus (produced by goblet cells) and cellular debris of macrophages and eosinophils.

A) serous sputum
B) purulent sputum
C) mucoid sputum
D) stringy sputum

Question 26

____ sign is an increase in jugular venous distention (JVD) noted with each inspiration as well.

A) Kussmaul's
B) Raynaud's
C) Homans'
D) Bohr's

Question 27

____________________ is a breathing gas composed of helium and oxygen.

Question 28

The classic ____ position is often witnessed during episodes of extreme shortness of breath.

A) sitting
B) head bobbing
C) tripod
D) supine

Question 29

____ sputum is pink-colored and seen in patients with acute pulmonary edema.

A) Purulent
B) Mucoid
C) Coagulated
D) Serous

Question 30

Arguably, ____ is the drug of choice for medication-facilitated intubation.

A) heliox
B) atropine
C) prednisone
D) ketamine

Question 31

Starting at the neck, auscultation of tracheal breath sounds may reveal ____________________, a high-pitched sound that occurs when the upper airway is narrowed.

Question 32

The sudden constriction, or spasm, of the bronchioles, known as a(n) ____________________, is a key clinical finding in obstructive respiratory disease and leads to bronchoconstriction.

Question 33

While Paramedics have a tendency to overventilate the patient in extermis, the current concept in ventilation of the patient with asthma is ____.

A) capnographic assessment
B) permissive hypercarbia
C) pulse oximetry
D) auscultate the bronchial breath sounds

Question 34

____, a frightening form of fulminate asthma, is a rare form of asthma in which the patient rapidly deteriorates into respiratory arrest despite aggressive medical treatment.

A) Status asthmaticus
B) Sudden onset asthma
C) Bronchospasm
D) Bronchoconstriction

Question 35

When the patient's condition steadily worsens despite treatment with beta 2 agonists, the patient is at risk for ____.

A) sudden onset asthma
B) bronchospasm
C) status asthmaticus
D) bronchoconstriction