Deck 6: Imperial Rome, 31 Bc-Ad 284

Question 1

Define the following terms: Tacitus

Answer 1

Answer not provided.

Question 2

Define the following terms: Marcus Aurelius

Answer 2

Answer not provided.

Question 3

Define the following terms: Five Good Emperors

Answer 3

Answer not provided.

Question 4

Define the following terms: Jesus of Nazareth

Question 5

Define the following terms: humiliores

Question 6

Define the following terms: Romanization

Question 7

Define the following terms: Livia

Question 8

Define the following terms: Manichaeism

Question 9

Define the following terms: pax Romana

Question 10

Define the following terms: Augustus

Question 11

Define the following terms: Mithraism

Question 12

Define the following terms: Nero

Question 13

Define the following terms: Third-Century Crisis

Question 14

Define the following terms: Virgil

Question 15

Define the following terms: Aeneid

Question 16

Define the following terms: Principate

Question 17

Define the following terms: decurion

Question 18

Define the following terms: honestiores

Question 19

Define the following terms: Paul of Tarsus

Question 20

Define the following terms: Livy

Question 21

Roman law is one of Rome's most influential legacies. From reading what is said in the chapter about it, describe some of its features and explain why it had such an impact on later ages. Can you make any comparisons with American law, as you know it?

Question 22

What were some of the third-century mystery religions, and why do you think Romans were attracted to them?

Question 23

Discuss the position of women in the Roman Empire as presented in the chapter. How does it compare with that of women in earlier ages?

Question 24

Define the following terms: Sassanids

Question 25

Define the following terms: Christianity

Question 26

Describe the peace and prosperity of the pax Romana.

Question 27

Being both astute and infinitely diplomatic, which of the following was not used by Octavian (Augustus) to avoid a second Ides of March?

A) In acquiring his office, most of his enemies had been killed.
B) He lived long enough to consolidate his rule.
C) He avoided such terms as emperor or dictator.
D) He was able to hold office without monopolizing power.
E) The Roman military was used as both a threat and as a terrorizing segment of his government.

Question 28

Define the following terms: Rabbinic Judaism

Question 29

What was the Third-Century Crisis? Explain how Rome could descend from peace and prosperity to a century of troubles that threatened the very existence of the empire.

Question 30

What were some features of Romanization throughout the Roman Empire?

Question 31

Define the following terms: Flavian

Question 32

Why is the Augustan Age considered a high point of cultural achievement?

Question 33

Define the following terms: Pompeii

Question 34

What were some examples of threats to Roman imperial frontiers in the third century A.D.? How did Rome attempt to cope with the danger?

Question 35

Much has been written, filmed, and portrayed about the gladiators and the arenas of Rome. Aside from the gory side of the games, did the arena symbolize other aspects of the Roman Empire?

Question 36

The reign of Augustus is considered

A) a golden age for Rome.
B) the low point of Roman history.
C) a time of civil war and economic decline.
D) the golden age of the Republic.
E) the era greatest affected by the rise of Christianity.

Question 37

Define the following terms: Julio-Claudians

Question 38

Define the following terms: Gospels

Question 39

Discuss the measures taken by Augustus to restore order and stability to Rome. What were the theory and the practice of the Principate?

Question 40

Summarize the life of Jesus Christ and the early spread of Christianity. Why did the Romans persecute Christians and not Jews?

Question 41

Tacitus expressed criticism of the social conditions of his time

A) by describing the virtues of the Germanic tribes.
B) by writing sarcastic poetry.
C) through his speeches in the senate.
D) through his plays.
E) by questioning the moral and political lessons of history.

Question 42

All of the following are true of rabbinic Judaism except

A) it emerged in the first century A.D.
B) oral law was elevated to equal authority with the written Torah.
C) the old covenant was officially replaced by a new one.
D) distrust and hostility developed toward emergent Christianity.
E) it clarified Jewish practice.

Question 43

Manichaeism was

A) a dualistic religion from Persia.
B) a variety of Epicurean philosophy.
C) founded by Buddha.
D) a short-lived cult that died out in A.D. 50.
E) the coming of the Dark Light.

Question 44

Imperial law was all of the following except

A) a reflection of social inequality.
B) influential in later ages.
C) useful in imperial administration.
D) most basic in expanding the rights of women.
E) humane and pragmatic in regard to marriage.

Question 45

The features of the imperial economy under Augustus included

A) the debasement of coinage to increase the money supply.
B) affluence everywhere in the empire except Italy.
C) a great variety of Italian exports.
D) the elimination of rural poverty and slavery.
E) returning ancient privileges to the ruling class.

Question 46

The Sassanid Persians

A) made a pact with the emperor Valerian that saved Rome's eastern provinces.
B) were defeated by the Parthians.
C) were peaceful nomads who posed no threat to Rome.
D) overran the eastern provinces and captured Emperor Valerian.
E) destroyed the caravan city of Palmyra, seriously hurting Roman trade.

Question 47

Which of the following statements about gladiators and the games is not true?

A) Audiences sat in ranked seats and included all levels of society.
B) Graffiti celebrated a star of the arena.
C) Amphitheaters were common throughout Italy and the Roman Empire.
D) Amphitheaters were not found in the Eastern sector of the empire for religious reasons.
E) Some gladiators were free men who volunteered for a limited time of service.

Question 48

The Five Good Emperors

A) made humaneness and effective government standard practice.
B) successfully expanded the empire's borders.
C) guaranteed the future stability and prosperity of Rome.
D) exemplified the principle of merit.
E) All of these

Question 49

The reign of Trajan was marked by

A) the success of his Parthian policy.
B) his refusal to cross the Danube.
C) the defeat of the Persians.
D) internal unrest, rare during the pax Romana.
E) the Roman Empire reaching its greatest geographical extent.

Question 50

All of the following have been attributed to Livia, Augustus's wife, except

A) being one of the most powerful women in Roman history.
B) being a master of intrigue.
C) improving women's legal standing in the empire.
D) poisoning potential heirs to the throne, including Augustus.
E) creating a troubled family environment.

Question 51

During the pax Romana, the Roman economy exhibited all of the following except

A) growing agricultural demand from growing cities.
B) relatively easy and inexpensive travel and communications.
C) a relative backwardness compared to a modern economy.
D) an improved standard of living for the wealthy only.
E) the opening of new lands to agriculture.

Question 52

All of the following contributed to the Third-Century Crisis except

A) the decadence of Commondus.
B) Barbarian invasions.
C) plagues.
D) devaluation of the currency.
E) power transferred from the army to the senate.

Question 53

For the urban poor, Augustus provided

A) very little help.
B) public works programs, free grain, and entertainment.
C) more debtors' prisons.
D) conscription into the army.
E) free land on the frontiers.

Question 54

To defend the imperial borders, Augustus

A) increased the number of soldiers on all frontiers.
B) used a combination of negotiation, buffer states, and local concentrations of troops.
C) continued to expand them dramatically.
D) abandoned the African provinces.
E) created Roman colonies peopled by retired soldiers and the urban poor.

Question 55

In the field of jurisprudence, Augustus

A) fostered professionalism.
B) adapted Roman law to be used in the provinces.
C) allowed the first law school to open in Rome.
D) made changes and reforms of the Republic permanent.
E) All of these

Question 56

One of the many famous Romans was Galen who

A) had a great influence on the future Shakespeare.
B) was to medicine what Aristotle was to philosophy.
C) became a leader in one of Rome's many mystery religions.
D) was the best known pagan writer.
E) compiled a collection of medical theories lost in the destruction of Alexandria.

Question 57

Roman culture under Augustus included all of the following except

A) Virgil's great epic poem, the Aeneid .
B) Livy's massive history of Rome.
C) building projects, including the Pantheon.
D) the elimination of competing religious faiths.
E) strong elements of classicism.

Question 58

Silver Age culture included all of the following except

A) encyclopedias and scientific works.
B) fine historical works by Tacitus and Plutarch.
C) satires and literary criticism.
D) writers pursing political careers.
E) extensive silver mines constructed on the islands of Sicily and Corsica.

Question 59

Romanization did not include which of the following?

A) Elimination of languages such as Berber, Aramaic, and Celtic
B) Spread of Roman architecture and technology
C) Extension of Roman law and citizenship
D) Spread of Roman entertainment such as gladiator shows
E) Allowing non citizens to join the Roman military legions

Question 60

The religious situation in the Roman Empire circa A.D. 200 can best be described as

A) willingness by the Romans to accept new gods.
B) displaying a tendency toward syncretism.
C) polytheist by tradition.
D) reverence for the cult of the emperor
E) All of these

Question 61

Use the map (or maps) referenced in each question for your answer. Discuss the journeys of Saint Paul after referring to Map 6.2. How many Greek cities did he visit? How much of his travel was by sea?

Question 62

All of the following are true of the life of Jesus except that it

A) was not documented by any of his followers.
B) spanned the years from his birth, about 4 B.C., to his crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension in A.D. 30.
C) included three years of authoritative teaching and working of miracles.
D) was marked by the hostility of the Jewish religious establishment.
E) was documented in the New Testament.

Question 63

Women in Judaism and early Christianity

A) could hold the positions of rabbi or priest.
B) could not hold important offices in both Judaism and Christianity.
C) have been recorded in history as being major figures of their time.
D) under Roman law could not be persecuted or tortured.
E) could not preach sermons.

Question 64

Use the map (or maps) referenced in each question for your answer. Compare the Roman Empire at its greatest extent, under Trajan as shown on Map 6.1, with the empire of Alexander discussed in the previous chapter. Which regions formed part of both empires? What territories did Alexander's empire include that the Roman Empire did not?

Question 65

Which of the following cannot be attributed to Paul of Tarsus?

A) He was known for the persecution of the Christians in his earlier years.
B) He claimed to see a vision of Jesus.
C) He emphasized the death and resurrection of Jesus.
D) He was born a Roman who revered the emperor.
E) He personally represented the multi-ethnic and multi-cultural nature of the Roman peace.

Question 66

Which of the following does not describe the expansion and divergence of early Christianity?

A) It slowly spread to North Africa, Gaul, and beyond Roman boundaries.
B) It became a separate and distinct religion around 200 A.D.
C) It primarily attracted only the urban poor.
D) It was considered to be a threat by Romans.
E) Most of the supporters came from the Gentiles.