Deck 6: General Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

The pattern of the trabeculae gives the bone a spongelike appearance and strength without adding weight.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Nerve cells that carry messages away from the spinal cord and brain are the motor type.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Homeostasis is when cells, tissues, organs, and systems all function independently to maintain the body.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Cells differ according to what they do. Specialized groups of cells form tissues.

Question 5

The cancellous bone consists of a meshwork of interconnecting bone.

Question 6

Muscle attaches to a more stationary bone at the origin.

Question 7

Pulmonary circulation carries the blood from the aorta to the smallest blood vessels and back to the heart.

Question 8

The osseous tissue is a covering of tough fibrous tissues.

Question 9

Compact bone is dense and forms the main shaft of long bones.

Question 10

The immune system is composed of specialized cells and molecules.

Question 11

The use of nitrous oxide may be indicated when a patient has respiratory disease.

Question 12

The chromosomes are within the nucleus of the cell and contain the DNA.

Question 13

Muscle attaches to a movable bone at the insertion point.

Question 14

Red bone marrow is filled with blood vessels that manufacture red and white blood cells and platelets.

Question 15

Blood that is transported from the capillaries back to the heart is carried by arteries.

Question 16

A joint is an area where two or more bones meet or form a junction.

Question 17

The body is divided into three primary body planes.

Question 18

The cell is the basic unit of all systems.

Question 19

The cell membrane controls the exchange of materials coming into and out of the cell.

Question 20

When tissues and organs unite, they form systems.

Question 21

Fibromyalgia is an autoimmune disorder that leaves the muscles weak and fatigued.

Question 22

Osteoporosis is an infection of the bone-forming tissue.

Question 23

The study of the body structure is _________.

A) physiology
B) anatomy
C) either a or b
D) neither a nor b

Question 24

The _________ system allows the body to move and produce heat.

A) skeletal
B) endocrine
C) reproductive
D) muscular

Question 25

The integumentary system helps to prevent water loss in the body.

Question 26

Myasthenia gravis is a chronic pain in the muscles and soft tissues surrounding the joints.

Question 27

Excitability is the ability of a muscle to stretch and spread in order to perform tasks.

Question 28

The _________ system brings oxygen into the body.

A) respiratory
B) endocrine
C) immune
D) digestive

Question 29

The __________ system protects the body from disease and harmful substances.

A) circulatory
B) endocrine
C) digestive
D) immune

Question 30

The system that provides nutrients and drainage for body fluids is the ________ system.

A) lymphatic
B) immune
C) digestive
D) nervous

Question 31

Cleft palate is the failure of the palate to form and join correctly.

Question 32

Osteomyelitis is the loss of bony material, thus leaving the bones brittle.

Question 33

The study of the body functions is _________.

A) physiology
B) anatomy
C) either a or b
D) neither a nor b

Question 34

Neuritis is a disease of the nervous system that destroys the myelin sheath of neurons in the CNS.

Question 35

The epidermis is composed of connective tissue.

Question 36

Nerve fibers move impulses from one to another through a synapse.

Question 37

The __________ system provides the basic framework of the body, stores minerals, and manufactures blood cells.

A) muscular
B) immune
C) lymphatic
D) skeletal

Question 38

The __________ system takes food in, breaks it down, and converts it to substances the body needs to sustain life.

A) circulatory
B) endocrine
C) digestive
D) immune

Question 39

The synovial joint makes up most of the joints in the body.

Question 40

The system that produces life is the ________ system.

A) skeletal
B) endocrine
C) reproductive
D) muscular

Question 41

Osseous is a term that refers to _________.

A) bone
B) porosity of a structure
C) degree of hardness
D) none of the above

Question 42

The non-use of muscles causes them to deteriorate, a condition known as _______.

A) spasms
B) cramps
C) fibromyalgia
D) atrophy

Question 43

Which type of muscle is involuntary, with cells designed in a chainlike appearance?

A) Striated or skeletal
B) Cardiac
C) Smooth
D) None of the above

Question 44

Energy for muscles is stored as ___________.

A) oxygen
B) glucose
C) glycogen
D) lactic acid

Question 45

The __________ system regulates the body's functions through hormones.

A) lymphatic
B) endocrine
C) immune
D) reproductive

Question 46

An example of a synovial joint is the __________.

A) joint between the bones of the vertebrae
B) temporomandibular joint
C) sutures between the bones of the cranium
D) none of the above

Question 47

The endocrine glands release ___________.

A) tears
B) saliva
C) insulin
D) hormones

Question 48

The basic structural unit of the nervous system is a(n) ___________.

A) neuron
B) axon
C) synapse
D) dendrite

Question 49

The muscular system makes up ______ percent of the body's total weight.

A) 10 to 20
B) 20 to 30
C) 30 to 40
D) 40 to 50

Question 50

The _________ system provides a communication system for the body and responds to internal and external stimuli.

A) respiratory
B) immune
C) circulatory
D) nervous

Question 51

The bones of the cranium, face, spinal column, ribs, and sternum form the _______ skeleton.

A) appendicular
B) axial
C) either a or b
D) neither a nor b

Question 52

Compact bone has a covering of fibrous tissue called the _________.

A) periosteum
B) osteoblasts
C) marrow
D) nerve tissue

Question 53

The _________ system carries life-sustaining substances throughout the body.

A) respiratory
B) immune
C) circulatory
D) nervous

Question 54

Of the 12 pairs of cranial nerves in our body, which are directly related to the oral cavity?
1) I
2) III
3) V
4) VII
5) VIII

A) 3 only
B) 3, 4
C) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
D) None of these

Question 55

The frontal plane _______________.

A) divides the body into left and right halves
B) divides the body into front and back sections
C) divides the body into upper and lower sections
D) none of the above

Question 56

Which muscle type is found in internal organs?

A) Striated or skeletal
B) Cardiac
C) Smooth
D) None of the above

Question 57

Which muscle type provides external body movements such as walking?

A) Striated or skeletal
B) Cardiac
C) Smooth
D) None of the above

Question 58

The transverse plane ___________.

A) divides the body into left and right halves
B) divides the body into front and back sections
C) divides the body into upper and lower sections
D) none of the above

Question 59

The bone that has a spongelike appearance and is fairly weak is _________.
1) Compact
2) Cancellous
3) Spongy
4) Dense

A) 1, 2, 3, 4
B) 3 only
C) 1, 4
D) 2, 3

Question 60

The ________ plane divides the body into left and right halves.

A) sagittal
B) frontal
C) transverse
D) horizontal

Question 61

The parts of the lymphatic system include the:
1) spleen
2) thymus gland
3) lymph
4) lymph nodes

A) 1, 2, 3, 4
B) 2, 3, 4
C) 3, 4
D) 3 only

Question 62

A malignant disorder that causes enlargement of the lymph nodes is _____________.

A) tonsillitis
B) Hodgkin's disease
C) immune deficiency disease
D) cancer

Question 63

A condition in which there is an inflammation of the lining of the heart is __________.

A) leukemia
B) bacterial endocarditis
C) hemophilia
D) hemostasis

Question 64

The pattern of this bone, the ___________, gives a spongelike appearance and strength without adding weight.

A) compact bone
B) trabeculae
C) axial skeleton
D) cartilage

Question 65

Which is important to the development of the immune system?

A) Tonsils
B) Thymus gland
C) Spleen
D) Lymph nodes

Question 66

The average adult has about ____ quarts of blood.

A) 2 to 3
B) 3 to 4
C) 4 to 6
D) 7 to 8

Question 67

The uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells is ____________.

A) tonsillitis
B) Hodgkin's disease
C) immune deficiency disease
D) cancer

Question 68

The ________ is (are) the substance that makes up the cell, with the exception of the nucleus.

A) chromosomes
B) cytoplasm
C) cell membrane
D) proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates

Question 69

One of the basic components of the cell is the outer wall, called the ___________.

A) nucleus
B) cell membrane
C) cytoplasm
D) chromosomes

Question 70

Which component of the cell contains DNA that trasmits genetic information?

A) cell membrane
B) nucleus
C) cytoplasm
D) chromosomes

Question 71

The human heart is about the size of a _________.

A) ping-pong ball
B) quarter
C) closed fist
D) football

Question 72

The main function(s) of the blood is (are) to _______________.

A) protect against pathogens
B) regulate the amount of body fluids
C) transport nutrients, gases, waste products, and hormones
D) all of the above

Question 73

Another name for the windpipe is the ____________.

A) eustachian tube
B) pharynx
C) larynx
D) trachea

Question 74

The lower chambers of the heart are called the __________.

A) atrium
B) ventricles
C) valves
D) vena cava

Question 75

Hyperthyroidism is an _______________.

A) underactive thyroid gland
B) overactive thyroid gland
C) either a or b
D) neither a nor b

Question 76

The components of gastric juices is (are) _________.

A) pepsin
B) hydrochloric acid
C) neither a nor b
D) both a and b

Question 77

The process by which the body controls bleeding is __________.

A) hemostasis
B) hemoglobin
C) hemophilia
D) coagulation

Question 78

Which pair of tonsils are on the base of the tongue?

A) Palatine
B) Lingual
C) Pharyngeal
D) None of the above

Question 79

In the cell, the _________ controls the body and contains genetic codes.

A) cytoplasm
B) cell membrane
C) nucleus
D) chromosomes

Question 80

A condition of an underactive thyroid gland is called _________.

A) hypothyroidism
B) hyperthyroidism
C) diabetes mellitus
D) Parkinson's