Deck 9: Respiratory Related Microbiological Diseases

Question 1

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question.  Which of the following viruses are a common cause of pneumonia?

A) influenza virus
B) adenovirus influenza
C) respiratory syncytial virus
D) human immunodeficiency virus

Answer 1

influenza virus
adenovirus influenza
respiratory syncytial virus

Question 2

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question.  Which factors should be considered when prescribing antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia?

A) local antibiotic resistance patterns
B) whether or not the patient is hospitalized
C) the patient ' s clinical condition
D) the chest x-ray findings

Answer 2

local antibiotic resistance patterns
whether or not the patient is hospitalized
the patient ' s clinical condition
the chest x-ray findings

Question 3

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question.  What medical procedures performed on hospitalized patients increase the risk of the patient developing a hospital-acquired pneumonia?

A) central (intravenous) line placement
B) nasogastric tube placement
C) endotracheal intubation
D) administration of aerosols/nebulizers

Answer 3

nasogastric tube placement
endotracheal intubation
administration of aerosols/nebulizers

Question 4

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question.  Which of the following are the most common infectious agents that cause bronchitis?

A) respiratory syncytial virus
B) coronavirus, rhinovirus
C) influenza virus
D) parainfluenza virus

Question 5

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question.  Which of the following signs and symptoms are typically associated with pneumonia?

A) abnormal lung sounds including crackles and rhonchi
B) infiltrate on chest x-ray
C) fever
D) high white blood cell count

Question 6

What are the classic signs and symptoms of epiglottitis?

A) respiratory distress, drooling, dystonia, and fever
B) respiratory distress, drooling, dysphagia, and dysphonia
C) fever, drooling, difficulty chewing, and respiratory distress
D) dizziness, drooling, respiratory distress, and dysphagia

Question 7

Which of the following patients are at high risk for developing  Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP)?

A) a patient who has had a myocardial infarction ( " heart attack " )
B) a patient who has had a liver transplant
C) a patient with severe lung disease
D) a patient who has taken several different antibiotics in the past 3 months

Question 8

What antibiotic is administered prophylactically for exposure to anthrax?

A) ciprofloxacin
B) doxycycline
C) levaquin
D) penicillin

Question 9

What is the priority when caring for a patient hospitalized with pneumonia?

A) To obtain sputum cultures.
B) To obtain a chest x-ray.
C) To obtain blood cultures.
D) To evaluate the patient ' s respiratory function.

Question 10

Aspiration pneumonia can be caused by a chemical exposure or by bacterial or viral pathogens.

Question 11

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question.  Which of the following are characteristics of bronchitis?

A) fever
B) cough
C) abnormal chest x-ray
D) normal chest x-ray

Question 12

What significant development has decreased the incidence of epiglottitis?

A) the development of effective antibiotics
B) advances in airway management
C) the administration of the  Haemophilus influenza type B (Hib) vaccine
D) early recognition of the symptoms

Question 13

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements. 
The antibiotic of choice for bacterial pharyngitis is __________________.

Question 14

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question.  Which of the following statements are true regarding antibiotic selection for patients with HCAP, VAP, or HAP?

A) Once certain antibiotics have been prescribed, they cannot be changed.
B) Antibiotics should cover gram-positive pathogens.
C) Antibiotics should cover gram-negative pathogens.
D) Frequently more than one antibiotic is necessary.

Question 15

You are treating a patient with a sore throat. The patient ' s rapid strep test has come back negative. What should be done next?

A) The patient can be discharged without further evaluation.
B) Blood work should be drawn.
C) A sputum culture should be collected.
D) A throat culture should be sent.

Question 16

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question.  Which of the following symptoms of sinusitis suggest a bacterial source of infection?

A) facial or tooth pain
B) fever and facial swelling
C) yellow or green nasal discharge
D) symptoms that continue to worsen without treatment

Question 17

How does tuberculosis progress from latent to active?

A) The infection droplets (bacilli) escape encapsulation and begin producing symptoms.
B) The purified protein derivative (PPD) test turns positive.
C) It becomes active when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
D) The patient ' s sputum turns bloody.

Question 18

Most cases of pharyngitis are caused by Group A ß-hemolytic streptococci.

Question 19

Classifying pneumonia based upon where it was contracted (for example, community-acquired pneumonia) is done to assist with tracing the source of an outbreak.

Question 20

What is the most common cause of bronchiolitis?

A) respiratory syncytial virus
B) influenza virus
C) rhinovirus
D) Haemophilus influenzae type B

Question 21

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements. 
_________________ is a pneumonia-like infection associated with patients on ventilators.

Question 23

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements. 
_______________ is an inflammatory condition of the large and small airways of the tracheobronchial tree that occurs in infants.