Deck 7: Immunizations and Antimicrobials

Question 1

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question.  How does antimicrobial resistance develop?

A) Bacteria ingest the antibiotic.
B) The antibiotic is destroyed by the bacteria.
C) The antibiotic is not allowed to bind to proteins in the body.
D) Bacteria pump the antibiotic out of the organism.

Answer 1

The antibiotic is destroyed by the bacteria.
The antibiotic is not allowed to bind to proteins in the body.
Bacteria pump the antibiotic out of the organism.

Question 2

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question.  What factors contribute to the development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis?

A) difficulty in diagnosing the disease
B) long duration of therapy
C) inappropriate drug doses
D) medication noncompliance

Answer 2

long duration of therapy
inappropriate drug doses
medication noncompliance

Question 3

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements.
_________ is inherited, acquired, or induced resistance to infection by a specific pathogen.

Answer 3

Immunity

Question 4

Select the best response to the question. You are working in a pediatric clinic and the physician has prescribed tetracycline for a 5-year-old patient. What should your next action be?

A) Clarify the prescription with the physician since tetracycline can cause permanent tooth discoloration in children under 9.
B) Instruct the patient's mother to avoid giving the medication with dairy products, which can inhibit its absorption.
C) Give the patient's mother the prescription along with written instructions about the medication.
D) Prepare the first dose so it can be administered before the patient leaves the clinic.

Question 5

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements.
Prolonged use of quinolones may cause _________________, which is the appearance of a new infection with a different strain or species of microorganism, during antibiotic treatment.

Question 7

Anti-virals for the influenza virus administered within the first 24 - 48 hours of the onset of illness can decrease the duration of the flu by at least 3 days.

Question 9

There are two types of influenza that can cause serious illness and spread through the population.

Question 10

Select the best response to the question. How are viruses classified?

A) aerobic versus anaerobic
B) gram-positive versus gram-negative
C) based upon the symptom location in the body
D) whether they contain RNA or DNA

Question 11

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements.
A physician tells a patient a full recovery is expected. The physician has given the patient a _______________.

Question 12

Select the best response to the question. Why is it difficult to treat HIV infection?

A) There is only one drug that can be prescribed.
B) The disease produces very severe symptoms and is fatal.
C) The disease is difficult to diagnose.
D) The virus infects the cells of the immune system.

Question 13

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question.  Which of the following describe sulfonamides?

A) prescribed primarily for urinary tract infections
B) prescribed primarily for skin infections
C) they work by blocking a step in the synthesis of folic acid
D) examples include sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and sulfadiazine

Question 14

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question.  Which of the following statements are true regarding vancomycin?

A) It cannot be administered with antacids, minerals, and dairy products.
B) It is indicated for infections caused by gram-negative organisms.
C) It is frequently administered for cases of methicilin-resistant  Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
D) If administered too quickly, it can cause a histamine release with flushed skin.

Question 15

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements.
A _____________ is an identification of a disease by studying the patient ' s signs and symptoms.

Question 16

Select the best response to the question. Why should patients receiving linezolid therapy have complete blood counts monitored?

A) Bone marrow suppression (anemia, leukopenia, pancytopenia, and thrombocytopenia) can occur.
B) To monitor the effectiveness of the therapy.
C) To monitor for additional signs of infection.
D) Internal bleeding can develop.

Question 17

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question.  Which of the following patients are at increased risk for developing a serious fungal infection?

A) a patient who is immunocompromised
B) a patient with heart disease
C) a patient who has diabetes
D) a patient taking antibiotics for a bacterial infection

Question 18

Select the best response to the question. Which of the following is NOT a method of classifying antibacterial medications?

A) bacteriostatic versus bactericidal
B) aerobic versus anaerobic
C) broad spectrum versus narrow spectrum
D) mechanism of action

Question 19

Identify all answer choices that best complete the question.  Which of the following should the health care provider assess when monitoring antimicrobial therapy to determine its effectiveness?

A) laboratory and other clinical test results
B) the presence and severity of side effects
C) patient satisfaction with the treatment
D) physical changes in the patient

Question 20

Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements.
Macrolides inhibit bacterial protein synthesis and have a large or " macro " ring as their basic structure.