Deck 22: Non-Intubating Airway Management

Question 1

The variable flow devices are typically the easiest to use.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Pediatric patients are more susceptible to gastric inflation and are less able to tolerate it.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The knowledge and skill to perform intubations and other advanced airway maneuvers are the most critical tasks of the Parametric's practice to master.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Pediatric patients generally suffer respiratory arrest secondary to cardiac arrest.

Question 5

The finger sweep is a technique of limited value in the EMS environment.

Question 6

The high-flow nasal cannula is a low- to mid-concentration oxygen delivery device.

Question 7

CPAP provides ventilator support.

Question 8

Correct positioning of the patient and the airway is the most basic airway maneuver.

Question 9

Once a pediatric patient goes into cardiac arrest, a grim prognosis is almost assured.

Question 10

Often some of the most basic techniques are the most critical and fundamental airway management skills a Paramedic can perform.

Question 11

CPAP devices are complex to use.

Question 12

By the time the Paramedic enters the basic algorithm, the decision has already been made to provide airway and ventilator support to the patient.

Question 13

There should always be a small air leak from the CPAP valve, even during inspiration.

Question 14

Every bag-mask assembly has a method of attachment to an oxygen source.

Question 15

An orogastric tube is less likely to initiate a gag reflex than a tube and is a nasogastric better choice for the conscious, responsive patient.

Question 16

Oxygen can safely be administered at the high pressure at which it is stored in compressed oxygen cylinders.

Question 17

Prehospital suction units include portable devices and fixed, wall-mounted units.

Question 18

Constant retraining and practical experience are key elements to performing effective pediatric airway management.

Question 19

Oxygen is stored as either a compressed gas, in fiberglass tanks, or as a liquid.

Question 20

Cricoid pressure can improve the view of the vocal cords during laryngoscopy.

Question 21

Supplemental oxygen replaces nitrogen in the dead space of the lungs with oxygen, referred to as ____.

A) oxygen purging
B) nitrogen overload
C) nitrogen washout
D) oxygen overload

Question 22

The ____ is a functional portion of the esophagus where the walls of the esophagus contract inwardly, forming a physical barrier to the reflux of stomach contents up the esophagus.

A) upper esophageal sphincter
B) lower esophageal sphincter
C) upper hypoepiglottic sphincter
D) lower hypoepiglottic sphincter

Question 23

____ masks, special masks with a restricted intake that permits an exact percentage of oxygen, can be used to deliver oxygen, although their use in the prehospital environment is generally limited to specialty care services.

A) Venturi
B) Blocking
C) Ventilated
D) Laminar

Question 24

The ____ devices allow the Paramedic some degree of choice in determining gas flow and oxygen concentration.

A) constant flow
B) constant stream
C) variable pressure
D) variable flow

Question 25

Ventilating the pediatric patient requires care to prevent ____.

A) overpressurization
B) underpressurization
C) hyperventilation
D) hypoventilation

Question 26

The epiglottis is attached to the hyoid bone by the ____.

A) trapezius ligament
B) cricoids ligament
C) hyoepiglottic ligament
D) pharyngeal ligament

Question 27

Generally ____ cm H₂O is considered to be the upper limit with a CPAP machine.

A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20

Question 28

In the healthy adult, ____ is a reflex mechanism that opens collapsed areas of the lung.

A) coughing
B) sighing
C) yawning
D) stretching

Question 29

____, mechanical devices that deliver a specified volume of respiratory gas, have been used in the prehospital environment in Europe since the late 1970s.

A) Transport ventilators
B) Urgent response ventilators
C) Automatic transport ventilators
D) Automatic care ventilators

Question 30

____, oxygen masks with an oxygen reservoir, can deliver up to 80% FiO₂.

A) Oropharyngeal airway
B) Nasopharyngeal airway
C) Nasal cannula
D) Nonrebreather face masks

Question 31

The rigid pharyngeal suction catheters are known as ____ or tonsil tip catheters.

A) Kinsey
B) Murphy
C) Seldinger
D) Yankauer

Question 32

The ____ is the most commonly used device for providing assisted ventilation.

A) full-face mask
B) bag-mask assembly
C) mask assembly
D) lateral mask assembly

Question 33

The goal of assisted ventilation is to provide patients with approximately ____ breaths/minute that meet the patient's appropriate tidal volume.

A) 10 to 12
B) 12 to 15
C) 12 to 20
D) 15 to 20

Question 34

The primary differences between basic adult and pediatric airway management relates to differences in ____.

A) anatomy and psychology
B) physiology and maturity
C) physiology and experience
D) anatomy and physiology

Question 35

____ involves the identifying the cricoid ring and assigning an individual to gently apply approximately 10 pounds of pressure in a posterior direction throughout airway management.

A) Yankauer's maneuver
B) Murphy's maneuver
C) Brown's maneuver
D) Sellick's maneuver

Question 36

For most non-trauma patients in respiratory arrest, the technique of choice for opening the airway is the ____.

A) head-tilt, chin lift
B) tongue-jaw lift
C) modified jaw thrust
D) head lift

Question 37

____ uses a combination of gas flow and resistance to exhalation to increase the minimum airway pressure.

A) CPAP
B) APAP
C) CNAP
D) IPAP

Question 38

Using the pocket mask requires only two skills: ____.

A) forming a mask seal and not hyperventilating
B) forming a mask seal and supply oxygen
C) placing a mask and hypoventilating
D) forming a mask seal and calming the patient

Question 39

The ____ is a pronged device designed for nasal oxygen delivery.

A) nonrebreather face mask
B) nasal cannula
C) Venturi mask
D) oropharyngeal airway

Question 40

____ has clearly been demonstrated to decrease intubation rates and to provide symptomatic improvement in prehospital patients with congestive heart failure.

A) Venturi mask
B) CPAP
C) Nasal cannula
D) IPAP

Question 41

____________________ occurs when insufficient time is allowed for exhalation.

Question 42

The strongest suction devices are the wall-mounted, ____________________-powered units.

Question 43

The ____________________ mask is a face-mask device that is powered by the lungs.

Question 44

____________________ over the epigastrium may give the Paramedic a sense of how much gastric inflation is occurring.

Question 45

For infants, ____________________ are the preferred method of clearing the airway.

Question 46

Any patient in need of active airway management or ventilator support is in need of ____________________ oxygen.

Question 47

Gastric inflation and subsequent vomiting and aspiration are significant risks associated with ____________________ ventilation.

Question 48

Conversely, the pediatric trachea is smaller and more susceptible to ____________________.

Question 49

One of the most critically important pieces of airway management equipment is the ____________________, which converts an unmanageable airway into an easily managed airway through the removal of vomit, blood, and some foreign bodies.

Question 50

The continuous pressure when using a CPAP machine results in more ____________________ (less turbulent) airflow.