Deck 27: Intravenous Access

Question 1

The basilic vein runs from the shoulder over the biceps toward the elbow.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Paramedics are permitted to draw a blood alcohol sample for law enforcement officers (LEO) even without patient consent.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Paramedics frequently use IV access as a means for the rapid injection of IV medications during an emergency.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

In the hands of an experienced operator, the IJV has the highest rate of success with the lowest incidence of complications.

Question 5

Butterfly IV catheters, a throwback to the days of steel needles, are still used for elderly patients.

Question 6

In infants, scalp veins can provide a reliable venous access that is easy to obtain and even easier to maintain.

Question 7

Emergency venous access can be divided into two types: peripheral venous access and central venous access.

Question 8

Pediatric veins tend to collapse under the vacuum produced by adult vacuum tube systems.

Question 9

The femoral pulse should be located approximately 4 cm below the inguinal ligament at the midpoint of the mental triangle.

Question 10

The value of prehospital intravenous infusions for trauma patients has been well established.

Question 11

A common cause of increased insensible fluid loss is increased perspiration secondary to fevers due to infection.

Question 12

Many healthcare providers refer to 0.9% NaCl as normal saline solution.

Question 13

The public distinguishes the Paramedic from basic life support providers by the Paramedic's ability to start intravenous access.

Question 14

The PICC is rapidly becoming the CVAD of choice for patients who are at risk for hemorrhage, secondary to anticoagulants or low platelet counts (thrombocytopenia), or who are immunocompromised.

Question 15

The saphenous vein, often overlooked by Paramedics, provides an excellent point for venous access when the upper extremities are not available, perhaps due to burns or fractures.

Question 16

The insertion of a CVAD is an inexpensive but time-consuming process.

Question 17

The original central venous catheters, the Broviac^® and the Hickman^®, were developed during the 1950s.

Question 18

Diabetes insipidus, secondary to brain tumor or any other space-occupying lesion, can cause life-threatening dehydration within days.

Question 19

CVAD placement in the field is generally reserved for cases where a critical or cardiac arrested patient could clearly benefit and the risks are outweighed by the benefits.

Question 20

The slide clamp is a soft in-line pyramid-shaped device.

Question 21

____ are a means of giving medications directly into the circulation.

A) Topical lines
B) Support lines
C) Medical lines
D) Control lines

Question 22

A(n) ____ is a central venous catheter that has the port buried in a subcutaneous pocket under the skin's surface.

A) IVAD
B) CVAD
C) IVAN
D) Tuhoy

Question 23

The ____ is perhaps the safest site for the placement of a CVAD by an inexperienced operator.

A) femoral vein
B) internal jugular vein
C) carotid artery
D) subclavian vein

Question 24

The ____ method of securing a hub involves slipping the inverted tape, sticky side up, under the hub until it adheres to the hub, then crossing it over the hub.

A) stabilizing
B) retaining
C) chevron
D) triangle

Question 25

The ____, a tightly wound spring wire, has an open hook at the end.

A) I-wire
B) H-wire
C) J-wire
D) T-wire

Question 26

The place where the administration set inserts into the hub of the venous catheter is called the ____.

A) injector
B) hypodermic
C) adaptor
D) connector

Question 27

When additional substances or additives are added, thus increasing the concentration of the solutes compared to blood, then the solution is said to be ____.

A) hypotonic
B) hypertonic
C) ionic
D) tonic

Question 28

The ____ is a measurement used to assess a patient's hemodynamic status.

A) central venous volume
B) central venous rate
C) central venous pressure
D) central venous formulae

Question 29

Electrolyte-containing fluids are referred to as ____.

A) emulsions
B) solutions
C) crystalloids
D) colloids

Question 30

____ are soft plastic solution containers which collapse as the solution is withdrawn, eliminating the need for venting, and create a closed system which helps to decrease the risk of outside contamination.

A) Hypodermics
B) Drip bags
C) Bolus bags
D) IV bags

Question 31

A ____ reaction is a devastating systemic complication of intravenous therapy.

A) cryogenic
B) pyrogenic
C) phylogenic
D) hemogenic

Question 32

____ is that volume of fluid that is lost from the body in the form of perspiration off the skin (1.1 liters/daily) and the vapor in the breath.

A) Sensible loss
B) Inescapable loss
C) Nominal loss
D) Insensible loss

Question 33

In the hospital setting, the gold standard for fluid balance is the patient's ____.

A) weight
B) height
C) blood pressure
D) age

Question 34

The process of excretion and reabsorption of nutrient ladened fluids constitutes ____ and is essential to the body's sustenance.

A) medicinal flow
B) nutritional flow
C) supportive flow
D) palliative flow

Question 35

The percentage difference between the amount of space filled by a clot (formed elements such as red blood cells) in a red top tube and the total volume is the ____.

A) hematocrit
B) hemostat
C) hemoglobin
D) homeostasis

Question 36

Clearing the intravenous administration tubing of any air and fluid until it runs freely from the end is done in a process called ____.

A) running the line out
B) running the line in
C) flushing the line out
D) rolling the line out

Question 37

The ____ is a very long catheter placed within a vein in the antecubital fossa and threaded into the vena cava while under fluoroscopy.

A) PINC
B) PIC
C) PICT
D) PICC

Question 38

The preferred method of central venous access in the field is the ____.

A) catheter-over-the-needle CVAD
B) catheter-over-the-guidewire CVAD
C) peripherally inserted central catheter
D) percutaneous central venous catheters

Question 39

The basilic vein, the cephalic vein, and several bridging veins between the basilic and the cephalic veins, including the cubital vein, exist in the area of the anterior elbow, called the ____.

A) antecubital fossa
B) volar interosseous
C) dorsal branch
D) median

Question 40

Blood substitutes contain proteins and are thus called ____.

A) emulsions
B) solutions
C) suspensions
D) colloids

Question 41

A(n) ____________________ line is inserted into the vascular space so that intravascular volume can be replaced and homeostasis restored.

Question 42

____________________ is where the veins become inflamed.

Question 43

Every administration set has a(n) ____________________, sometimes called a bayonet, which is used to pierce the fluid container.

Question 44

A(n) ____________________ has a short, straight line with the fewest obstructions, such as filters or medication portals.

Question 45

A(n) ____________________ involves puncturing the infant's heel with a lancet then drawing the blood off with a capillary tube.

Question 46

Samples of ____________________ are used to test the blood chemistry in the blood.

Question 47

____________________ access allows the Paramedic to administer medications and manage a patient's intravascular volume.

Question 48

Using the ____________________ technique, a catheter-over-the-wire technique, the Paramedic can cannulate the femoral vein.

Question 49

____________________ can be thought of as the solution's ability to alter a cell's internal fluid balance through osmotic force created by the imbalance between the tonicity of the solution outside of the cell versus the tonicity of the fluid within the cell.

Question 50

Dry and cracked lips along with pale mucous membranes in the oropharynx are signs of ____________________.