Deck 15: Environmental Ethics

Question 1

The essence of the view known as deep ecology is that organisms depend on their environment in many ways.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Label as Anthropocentric (A) or Nonanthropocentric (NA): We ought to be concerned with the "greenhouse effect" and the resulting climate changes that may make life unfit for human beings.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Ecocentrism relies on what form of moral reasoning?

A) Utilitarianism
B) Kantian
C) Relativism
D) Natural law

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The old Native American saying, "before you act, consider the consequences on the next seven generations," represents what kind of thinking?

A) Ecocentrism
B) Utilitarianism
C) Anthropocentric
D) Relativistic

Question 5

The article by William Baxter utilized primarily ________ reasoning.

A) Natural law
B) Ecocentric
C) Relativism
D) Anthropocentric

Question 6

What percentage of America's waste stream is recycled or composted?

A) 15%
B) 23%
C) 30%
D) 45%

Question 7

Label as Anthropocentric (A) or Nonanthropocentric (NA): A thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic community.

Question 8

Which of the following is true relative to per capita greenhouse gas emissions?

A) Americans produce more than twice as much as Japanese.
B) Americans produce about the same as Europeans.
C) China now produces more emissions per person than the US.
D) Central Americans produce more emissions per capita than Europeans

Question 9

According to anthropocentrism, what has intrinsic value?

A) Humans only
B) Humans and the resources necessary to sustain human life
C) All intelligent life
D) The entire ecosystem

Question 10

Label as Anthropocentric (A) or Nonanthropocentric (NA): I'm going to work for that anti-pollution measure because if it doesn't pass even my own local rivers will be damaged, and then my health might be endangered and my sports and aesthetic interests in the rivers threatened.

Question 11

Some ecofeminists believe that the source of our environmental problems lies in our being governed in our relation to nature by the male type of dominance over it.

Question 12

Which nation is likely to meet the goal set by the Kyoto Accord?

A) America
B) Britain
C) Spain
D) Greece

Question 13

How many people in the world are living in regions with water scarcity?

A) 800 million
B) 1.3 billion
C) 2 billion
D) 2.8 billion

Question 14

Deep ecologists and ecofeminists share common views about the proper way to regard nature and the source of our environmental problems.

Question 15

Because human interests in a livable environment often compete with other human economic interests, many find cost-benefit analyses useful for judging, weighing, and comparing benefits and costs.

Question 16

According to MacKinnon the arctic ice cap may be gone in what year?

A) 2020
B) 2050
C) 2100
D) 2250

Question 17

The word environment comes from an Old French word meaning

A) Nature
B) Earth
C) Turning around in
D) A small boat

Question 18

Anthropocentrists value nature for its own sake.

Question 19

To say that a wilderness has prima facie value means that it must be preserved no matter what the cost to do so.

Question 20

Cost benefit analyses involve both assessments and evaluations.

Question 21

Contrast the basic view of nature of ecocentrists such as Leopold with the mystic idealist views of the transcendentalists.

Question 22

Label as Anthropocentric (A) or Nonanthropocentric (NA): We ought to preserve wildernesses because they provide a place for personal rejuvenation, and aesthetic and mystic experiences.

Question 23

Label as Anthropocentric (A) or Nonanthropocentric (NA): If we destroy that species, then our children and our children's children will not be able to enjoy it.

Question 24

Label as Anthropocentric (A) or Nonanthropocentric (NA): We ought to preserve the tropical rain forests because they are the sole source of lifesaving medicines like quinine, our most potent weapon against malaria.

Question 25

Contrast an anthropocentric and an ecocentric view on deforestation.

Question 26

Label as Anthropocentric (A) or Nonanthropocentric (NA): If there is no overriding reason to pluck the flower then I ought to let it be for its own good is to continue existing.