Deck 5: Thoracic Trauma

Question 1

In a(n) ____ pneumothorax air collects in the pleural space and creates a tension pneumothorax.

A) closed
B) open
C) partial
D) complex

Answer 1

closed

Question 2

Penetrating injuries may cause lung collapse from the accumulation of air, known as a ____.

A) hemothorax
B) simple pneumothorax
C) hyperthorax
D) hypothorax

Answer 2

simple pneumothorax

Question 3

When a segment of the chest demonstrates motion opposite the rest of the rib cage this is known as ____ motion.

A) competitive
B) paradoxical
C) extended
D) hyperactive

Answer 3

paradoxical

Question 4

When assessing a patient for the presence of chest injury, the Paramedic starts with the ____.

A) injury history
B) mechanism of injury
C) scene survey
D) medical history

Question 5

The use of positive pressure ventilation is desirable whenever the patient has hypoxia that does not resolve with high-flow, high-concentration oxygen via nonrebreather mask.

Question 6

Most penetrating diaphragmatic injuries occur after motor vehicle accidents.

Question 7

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) helps with oxygenation while minimizing intrathoracic pressures.

Question 8

Men about four times more likely than women to be affected by osteoporosis.

Question 9

Most esophageal injuries are due to blunt injury.

Question 10

Stab wounds from sharp objects (e.g., knives, ice picks, and arrows) are considered high velocity wounds.

Question 11

Multiple rib fractures leading to separation of one segment of the chest is known as ____ chest.

A) sucking
B) flail
C) blowout
D) singulated

Question 12

Absence of breath sounds on one or both sides indicates a hemothorax or pneumothorax.

Question 13

A ____ is a combination of a simple pneumothorax and a hemothorax.

A) hypothorax
B) hemopneumothorax
C) complex thorax
D) hyperthorax

Question 14

Of the ten million Americans affected by osteoporosis a year, it is most commonly observed in ____.

A) younger women
B) older women
C) younger men
D) older men

Question 15

Injuries from ____ trauma are due to transmission of energy rather than transmission of an object.

A) paradoxical
B) blunt
C) penetration
D) cortical

Question 16

More men and women ages one to 44 will die from traumatic injuries than from any other cause.

Question 17

Penetrating injuries can cause lung collapse from the accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity, known as a ____.

A) hypothorax
B) hemothorax
C) pneumothorax
D) hyperthorax

Question 18

A sandbag or IV bag should be used over a flail segment.

Question 19

The recurrent or inferior laryngeal nerve lies proximal to the ligamentum arteriosum and the aorta.

Question 20

In a(n) ____ pneumothorax air escapes through an open wound upon exhalation.

A) partial
B) open
C) closed
D) dynamic

Question 21

A ____ is an accumulation of air and blood in the pleural cavity leading to lung collapse.

A) bronchothorax
B) trachothorax
C) hypopneumothorax
D) hemopneumothorax

Question 22

A ____ arises when air enters the lung and escapes into the pleural cavity through the damaged section and compresses the heart, lung, and great vessels.

A) pulmonary contusion
B) hemopneumothorax
C) tension pneumothorax
D) traumatic aortic disruption

Question 23

____ occurs when the accumulation of fluid does not allow the heart to refill with blood after a contraction because the heart chambers cannot dilate in the compressed space.

A) Sucking chest
B) Flail chest
C) Cardiac tamponade
D) Myocardial contusion

Question 24

Injuries to the trachea or bronchi, called ____, can cause a pneumothorax, simple or tension, from air leaking into the chest cavity.

A) diaphragmatic disruption
B) cardiac tamponade
C) tracheobronchial disruption
D) commotio cordis

Question 25

____ is a rare condition that occurs when a massive crushing force causes trauma, such as a landslide or when a vehicle falls off of a jack and onto the patient's chest.

A) Traumatic asphyxia
B) Tension pneumothorax
C) Diaphragmatic herniation
D) Traumatic aortic disruption

Question 26

A ____ is a bruising of the heart muscle that can lead to a period of abnormal heart contraction.

A) pulmonary contusion
B) myocardial contusion
C) myocardial subluxation
D) tension pneumothorax

Question 27

____ is the result of the abdominal contents being forced upward into the thoracic cavity.

A) Myocardial contusion
B) Traumatic asphyxia
C) Myocardial rupture
D) Diaphragmatic rupture

Question 28

Between ____ and ____ of patients with traumatic aortic disruptions due to rapid deceleration injuries die instantaneously.

A) 25%, 35%
B) 35%, 45%
C) 65%, 75%
D) 85%, 95%

Question 29

____ occurs when a penetrating injury causes a wound that communicates with the pleural cavity and the outside air.

A) Closed pneumothorax
B) Sucking chest wound
C) Pulmonary contusion
D) Blowout contusion

Question 30

Three impacts of pulmonary contusion affect the lungs: swelling, ____, and atelectasis.

A) flexion
B) bleeding
C) extension
D) compression

Question 31

The ____ is a muscle that extends across the bottom of the rib cage and separates the lungs and heart from the abdominal cavity.

A) adductor
B) deltoid
C) diaphragm
D) scalene

Question 32

If a tension pneumothorax does not resolve, ____ is used to relieve built up pressure compromising ventilation and circulation.

A) traction
B) needle decompression
C) pressure bandaging
D) analgesia

Question 33

During ____, a sudden compressive force crushes the chest between two surfaces, such as occurs in a building collapse, and forces blood rapidly into the upper thoracic area and face.

A) diaphragmatic rupture
B) traumatic asphyxia
C) tension pneumothorax
D) cardiac tamponade

Question 34

In the case of a small flail segment with minimal paradoxical motion, the paradoxical motion is controlled by ____.

A) an IV bag
B) a sandbag
C) bulky dressings
D) high-flow, high-concentration oxygen

Question 35

____ is a type of sudden cardiac death that involves disruption of the contraction cycle without structural damage.

A) Commotio cordis
B) Cardiac commotio
C) Myocardial cordis
D) Commotio contraction