Deck 10: Pediatric Trauma Considerations

Question 1

Waddell's triad is a set of three injuries that occur as a combination when the pediatric patient is ____.

A) drowning
B) struck by a vehicle
C) falling
D) shot

Answer 1

struck by a vehicle

Question 2

Pediatric patients compensate well for shock for a prolonged period of time.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Children and adults generally respond to severe injury in the same manner.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Seizures may occur after a head injury and are more common in children than in adults. These seizures are called ____ seizures and generally resolve on their own within a few minutes.

A) partial
B) post-concussive
C) spontaneous
D) global

Question 5

Hollow viscus injuries from blunt trauma are more common in children than adults.

Question 6

Subdural hematomas in ____ of patients are bilateral, exhibiting the classic coup-contrecoup injury pattern.

A) 25%
B) 50%
C) 75%
D) 80%

Question 7

Tension pneumothorax is the most commonly missed life-threatening pediatric injury.

Question 8

The cerebral blood flow of a child peaks at age ____ at a flow rate twice an adult's cerebral blood flow.

A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five

Question 9

Facial bone fractures are relatively uncommon in pediatric patients and are exceedingly rare in patients under ____ years old.

A) six
B) eight
C) ten
D) twelve

Question 10

After the first year, the pediatric brain fills the skull much more tightly than the adult brain.

Question 11

The psychological effects of severe trauma can continue well past the injury and treatment.

Question 12

____ injuries are the leading cause of traumatic death in children.

A) Head
B) Neck
C) Spine
D) Torso

Question 13

One objective measure that can be used to gauge the severity of a child's head injury is the ____, in which the individual areas are assessed in an age-appropriate manner and the score totaled.

A) APGAR Score for Children
B) Modified Glasgow Coma Score for Children
C) Gustilo-Anderson Classification Scale for Children
D) Volkmann's Classification Scale for Children

Question 14

In motor vehicle crashes, properly restrained children rarely sustain injury when vehicle speeds are under ____ miles per hour.

A) 15
B) 20
C) 25
D) 30

Question 15

Lower extremity injury from bicycle handlebars is as common in adults as it is in children.

Question 16

In ____, due to the increased potential movement of the brain within the skull, subdural hematomas are more likely to develop in blunt head injury mechanisms.

A) younger children
B) adults
C) infants
D) older children

Question 17

Pediatric facial bones tend to break more than bend.

Question 18

Unintentional injury is the leading cause of death for people ages one through 44.

Question 19

The location of cervical spine injury in children varies by age.

Question 20

Generally, a fall from ____ the child's height or greater is considered a significant fall and the child is thus at risk for severe injury.

A) the same distance as
B) two times
C) three times
D) four times

Question 21

In children under 12 years old, upper cervical spine injuries most commonly occur at the level of the occiput, ____.

A) C1 or C2
B) C3 or C4
C) C5 or C6
D) C6 or C7

Question 22

A ____, a transient neurologic symptom that occurs at the time of injury and resolves after a short period of time, results from the stretching of nerves.

A) SCIWORA
B) stinger
C) commotio cordis
D) rupture

Question 23

A Pediatric Trauma Score less than ____ indicates severe injury.

A) eight
B) nine
C) eleven
D) twelve

Question 24

The ____ is the most commonly injured abdominal organ in the child.

A) spleen
B) stomach
C) pancreas
D) appendix

Question 25

Which of the following would receive the highest verbal response score for a child over one year of age according to the Modified Glasgow Coma Score for Children?

A) Appropriate words and phrases
B) Grunts, meaningless sounds
C) Disoriented, inappropriate words
D) Smiles, coos, babbles

Question 26

It is estimated that ____ of children who sustain multisystem injury will have personality changes one year after the injury.

A) 20%
B) 40%
C) 60%
D) 80%

Question 27

Which of the following would receive the highest motor response score for a child over one year of age according to the Modified Glasgow Coma Score for Children?

A) Withdraws to pain
B) Obeys commands
C) Localizes pain
D) Abnormal flexion

Question 28

Which of the following would receive the highest eye opening score for a child over one year of age according to the Modified Glasgow Coma Score for Children?

A) Spontaneously
B) To pain
C) To verbal command
D) No response

Question 29

____ fractures occur when the force applied to the bone causes one side of the cortex to break while the other side bends or deforms.

A) Greenstick
B) Buckle
C) Nursemaid
D) Orbital blowout

Question 30

One tool used to gauge the severity of injury in the pediatric patient is the ____, which is computed by adding the scores for the individual categories.

A) Gustilo-Anderson Classification Score
B) Global Coma Score
C) Volkmann's Classification Score
D) Pediatric Trauma Score

Question 31

Post-concussive seizures that last longer than five minutes should be treated with a(n) ____.

A) anticholinergic
B) barbiturate
C) corticosteroid
D) benzodiazepine

Question 32

____ fractures typically occur in younger children when force has been applied as an axial load to the extremity.

A) Buckle
B) Ellis
C) Greenstick
D) Orbital blowout

Question 33

Serious injury to the cervical spine is rare in children under ____ years old.

A) 11
B) 13
C) 15
D) 18

Question 34

The Salter-Harris classification is used to describe the types of injuries that involve the ____.

A) spine
B) growth plates
C) brain
D) nervous system

Question 35

In ____, a blunt force localized to the midsternal area causes sudden cardiac arrest.

A) SCIWORA
B) commotio cordis
C) tension pneumothorax
D) pulmonary contusions