Deck 20: The Chemistry of Hydrogen, Elements in Groups 3A Through 6A, and the Noble Gases

Question 1

Given the three statements below, pick the correct answer.
I. CH₄ is an important industrial source of H₂.
II. The reaction of coke (C) and H₂O is an important industrial source of H₂.
III. The reaction of sodium and H₂O is an important industrial source of H₂.

A) I and II are true, III is false
B) I and III are true, II is false
C) II and III are true, I is false
D) all are true
E) only I is true

Answer 1

I and II are true, III is false

Question 2

The main difference that determines if a substance will be an insulator or a semiconductor is:

A) trace impurities in the semiconductor.
B) the size of the energy gap between bands.
C) the number of valence electrons.
D) the atomic weight of the species.
E) none of these

Answer 2

the size of the energy gap between bands.

Question 3

Which element listed below melts just above room temperature?

A) gallium
B) aluminum
C) thallium
D) indium
E) none of these

Answer 3

gallium

Question 4

What is the explanation for the facts that nitrogen has the elemental form N₂ and for phosphorus the elemental forms are P₄ or forms based on P₄ polymers?

A) Phosphorus has more valence orbitals.
B) Nitrogen can form stable pi bonds with itself, but phosphorus cannot.
C) Phosphorus is more reactive.
D) Nitrogen is more electronegative.
E) none of these

Question 5

What is(are) the products of the reaction involving BCl₃ and NH₃?

A) BH₃ and NCl₃
B) Cl₃B - NH₃
C) HCl, B and N₂
D) H₂, N₂, B and Cl₂
E) BN and HCl

Question 6

Pick the choice below that is an example of a material or process that does not involve alumina.

A) ruby
B) water purification
C) catalyst support
D) corundum
E) alumina is involved in all of these.

Question 7

The largest scale commercial use of hydrogen gas is:

A) the production of ammonia.
B) as an energy source.
C) to float lighter-than-air ships.
D) reaction with oxygen to form water in desert regions.
E) none of these

Question 8

What is the most abundant metallic element in the earth's crust?

A) iron
B) cobalt
C) aluminum
D) gallium
E) none of these

Question 9

Which reaction shown below represents the Thermite reaction?

A) 2 Al (s) + Fe₂ O₃(s) Al 2 O₃(s) + 2 Fe ( )
B) B₂H₆ (g) + 3 O₂ (g)→ B₂O₃ (s) + 3 H₂O (g)
C) 4 Al (s) + 3 O₂ (g)→ 2 Al₂O₃ (s)
D) N₂ (g) + 3 H₂ (g)→ 2 NH₃ (g)
E) CO (g) + H₂O→ H₂ (g) + CO₂ (g)

Question 10

The reason that Be can conduct an electrical current even though the 2s band is filled is:

A) trace impurities in the Be.
B) the small size of Be allows for conduction.
C) the 2s and 2p bands do not overlap.
D) overlap of the 2s and 2p bands.
E) none of these

Question 11

Name the shape of the arrangement of boron atoms in its elemental forms.

A) dodecahedron
B) tetrahedron
C) icosahedron
D) octahedron
E) none of these

Question 12

Why can an oxygen atom only form one compound with fluorine, OF₂, but sulfur forms the compounds SF₂, SF₄, and SF₆?

A) Oxygen has a higher electronegativity than sulfur.
B) Sulfur is larger than oxygen.
C) The difference in electronegativity is smaller between O and F, than it is between S and F.
D) Sulfur has d valence orbitals whereas oxygen does not.
E) none of these

Question 13

Which compound listed below would have its bonding explained by the inert pair effect?

A) Pb(CH₂CH₃)₄
B) InCl₃
C) TlNO₃
D) SnCl₄
E) none of these

Question 14

From the list below, pick the choice that is not an allotrope of carbon.

A) diamond
B) graphite
C) buckminsterfullerene
D) carbonate
E) all of these are allotropes of carbon

Question 15

A special type of bonding in the boranes (B_nH_m) is known as:

A) highly polarized bonds.
B) electron rich bonds.
C) unsaturated bonds.
D) three-center, two-electron bonds.
E) none of these

Question 16

Reaction of red hot carbon with steam produces hydrogen gas as shown in equation 1 below. The carbon monoxide that is produced in equation 1 can react further with steam to produce more hydrogen as shown in equation 2. Why are these two reactions undesirable methods for producing hydrogen gas?
(1) C (s) + H₂O (g)→H₂ (g) + CO (g) (2) CO (g) + H₂O (g)→H₂ (g) + CO₂ (g)

A) The carbon monoxide produced in equation 1 is a poisonous gas.
B) The carbon dioxide produced in equation 2 is a greenhouse gas.
C) The carbon dioxide produced in equation 2 is a poisonous gas.
D) Elemental carbon is very expensive.
E) Both answers a and b are correct.

Question 17

What is the hybridization of silicon in silicates?

A) sp
B) sp²
C) sp³
D) sp³d
E) sp³d²

Question 18

What are the products of the reaction involving calcium hydride, CaH₂, and water, H₂O?

A) Ca, H₂ and O₂
B) CaO, H₃O⁺
C) Ca(OH)₂ and H₂
D) Ca and H₂O₂
E) CaO₂ and H₂

Question 19

What is the main reason that is generally given to explain the fact that the second row element carbon forms discrete molecules, CO₂, with two oxygen atoms, but the third row element silicon forms a network solid, (SiO₂)_n, when it bonds to two oxygen atoms?

A) Silicon forms stronger bonds with oxygen than carbon does.
B) The electronegativity of carbon and oxygen are closer than that of silicon and oxygen.
C) Third row elements are too large to form stable pi bonds.
D) Oxygen lies to the right of the periodic table.
E) none of these

Question 20

Which of the following elements is considered a metalloid?

A) gallium
B) nitrogen
C) arsenic
D) indium
E) chlorine

Question 21

The conductivity of silicon can be increased by introducing trace quantities of another element as an impurity in a process referred to as doping. Which element listed below when introduced as an impurity into silicon would provide a n-type conductor?

A) P
B) B
C) Al
D) C
E) Ge

Question 22

The equation that describes the hydrolysis of P₄O₁₀ is:

A) P₄O₁₀ (s) + 10 H₂ (g) 4 P (s) + 10 H₂ O ( )
B) P₄O₁₀ (s) + 16 H₂ (g) 4 PH ₃(g) + 10 H₂ O ( )
C) P₄O₁₀ (s) + 6 H₂ O ( ) 4 H ₃PO₄ (aq)
D) P₄O₁₀ (s) + 3 H₂ O ( ) 2 H ₃PO₃(aq) + 2 O₂(g)
E) none of these

Question 23

Which statement listed below is true?

A) The N - N - O bond angle in N₂O is 120 ° .
B) The gas N₂O is a serious cause of air pollution.
C) NO is paramagnetic.
D) NO₂ is a linear molecule.
E) Choices a-d are false.

Question 24

Given the three statements below, pick the best answer.
I. Elemental sulfur is generally found as S₈ molecules.
II. SO₂ is a linear molecule.
III. The O - S - O bond angles in SO₃ are 120 ° .

A) I and II are true, III is false
B) I and III are true, II is false
C) II and III are true, I is false
D) all three are true
E) only I is true

Question 25

Which statement below properly describes the predicted (by VSEPR) and experimental bond angles in PH₃?

A) predicted: 109 ° measured: 107 °
B) predicted: 120 ° measured: 107 °
C) predicted: 109 ° measured: 94 °
D) predicted: 120 ° measured: 94 °
E) none of these

Question 26

Given the three statements below, pick the best answer.
I. sulfuric acid has the formula H₂SO₄
II. sulfuric acid is a strong dehydrating agent
III. sulfuric acid reacts endothermically with water

A) I and II are true, III is false
B) I and III are true, II is false
C) II and III are true, I is false
D) only II is true
E) all three statements are true

Question 27

What product(s) is(are) formed when sulfuric acid, H₂SO₄, is allowed to react with carbohydrates such as sucrose, C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁?

A) C, H₂O
B) C, H₂ and O₂
C) CO₂ and H₂
D) CO and H₂
E) CO₂ and H₂O₂

Question 28

A property of O₂ that is explained by molecular orbital theory, but not Lewis structures, is:

A) O₂ is paramagnetic.
B) O₂ is a good oxidizing agent.
C) O₂ is very abundant in the universe.
D) The O - O bond order is 2.
E) O₂ is a gas at room temperature.

Question 29

A blanket of gaseous Nitrogen, N₂, is commonly used to store reactive substances that would otherwise oxidize in the presence of oxygen. However, nitrogen reacts with magnesium metal. Which equation shown below represents the chemical reaction that results when magnesium is allowed to react with nitrogen?

A) Mg (s) + N₂ (g)→ MgN₂ (s)
B) 2 Mg (s) + N₂ (g)→ 2 MgN (s)
C) 3 Mg (s) + N₂ (g)→ Mg₃N₂ (s)
D) 4 Mg (s) + N₂ (g)→ 2 Mg₂N (s)
E) 6 Mg (s) + N₂ (g)→ 2 Mg₃N (s)

Question 30

The O - O bond order in O₂ ^- is:

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1/2
E) 3/2

Question 31

Which Lewis structure for N₂O₄ shown below obeys the octet rule for each atom and contains the correct number of valence electrons?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 32

What is the correct Lewis structure for the molecule XeF₄?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 33

Which compound below has N in the +3 oxidation state?

A) N₂H₄
B) N₂O
C) N₂O₃
D) N₂O₄
E) none of these

Question 34

Which Lewis structure shown below for XeF₂ is correct?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 35

The conductivity of silicon can be increased by introducing trace quantities of another element as an impurity in a process referred to as doping. Which element listed below when introduced as an impurity into silicon would provide a p-type conductor?

A) S
B) B
C) N
D) C
E) Se

Question 36

Acid rain is a result of water reacting with what?

A) non-metal oxides
B) metal oxides
C) oxygen
D) non-metal oxides or metal oxides
E) non-metal oxides, metal oxides or oxygen

Question 37

The O - O bond order in H₂O₂ is:

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1/2
E) 3/2

Question 38

What product(s) is(are) formed when sulfur trioxide is allowed to react with water?

A) H₂, S₈ and O₂
B) H₂S and O₂
C) H₂SO₄
D) H₂O₂ and S₈
E) none of these

Question 39

What is the correct Lewis structure for white phosphorous, P₄?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 40

Three statements are listed below. Pick the correct answer.
I. The O - O - O bond angle in O₃ is 180 ° .
II. O₃ is very reactive.
III. O₂ and O₃ are allotropes.

A) I and II are true, III is false
B) I and III are true, II is false
C) II and III are true, I is false
D) only III is true
E) all three are true

Question 41

Given the three statements below, pick the best answer.
I. XeF₂ is a linear molecule.
II. Xe is the only group VIIIA element to form molecules with other elements.
III. XeF₄ is a planar molecule.

A) I and II are true, III is false
B) I and III are true, II is false
C) II and III are true, I is false
D) all three are true
E) only I is true