Deck 10: The Rise of Kingdoms and the Growth of Church Power

Question 1

Hildegard of Bingen, one of the most accomplished nuns of the twelfth century, is noted for each EXCEPT which of the following?

A)Three books of her personal religious experiences
B)Mystical visions of the divine
C)Abuse by kings and popes as a "false prophet"

Answer 1

Abuse by kings and popes as a "false prophet"

Question 2

The papacy reached its zenith of power in the thirteenth century during whose papacy?

A)Innocent III
B)Pius III
C)Gregory VII

Answer 2

Innocent III

Question 3

How is female monasticism in the twelfth century best described?

A)It was a new phenomenon.
B)It was a refuge for women of all classes.
C)It saw the number of women joining religious houses increase significantly.

Answer 3

It saw the number of women joining religious houses increase significantly.

Question 4

The action of the medieval church that closed churches in a region or a country and that forbade the clergy from administering the sacraments to the populace was known as what?

A)Excommunication
B)An indulgence
C)The interdict

Question 5

In 1077 at Canossa, King Henry IV accomplished which of the following?

A)He received absolution and forgiveness after humbling himself before the pope.
B)He demanded the pope give up the investiture fight.
C)He killed Pope Gregory VII in a fit of rage.

Question 6

How feudalism in England under William I differed from feudalism in most other countries?

A)He de-emphasized the role of knights.
B)He required all subvassals to swear allegiance to him.
C)Homage was eliminated.

Question 7

The investiture controversy revolved around what?

A)The meaning of the communion sacrament
B)The nature of the Holy Spirit in the Trinity
C)Who could bestow a church position on a man

Question 8

The policy that Spanish Christian rulers followed during the reconquest in distributing lands, houses, and property of Muslims to Christians was known as what?

A)Reconquista
B)Repartimiento
C)Parlemento

Question 9

In general, monasteries performed each role EXCEPT which one of the following?

A)They prayed for themselves and others.
B)They copied manuscripts.
C)They formed clerical guilds for priests and nuns.

Question 10

Frederick Barbarossa was defeated at Legnano in 1176, ending his attempts to control which entities?

A)The principalities of the Rhineland
B)The Duchy of Burgundy
C)The towns in northern Italy

Question 11

How are the Cistercians best described?

A)They grew very slowly in the eleventh century.
B)They broke with the Benedictine tradition because they were dissatisfied with its lack of strict discipline.
C)They spent less time in private prayer and manual labor and dramatically expanded religious services.

Question 12

Pope Gregory VII took which of the following positions?

A)He claimed that popes had the right to depose kings and emperors.
B)He stated that popes should not be involved in the everyday activities of the church.
C)He increased the church's missionary activities to Russia and the east.

Question 13

How is Scandinavia by the twelfth century best described?

A)It remained largely pagan and resistant to European culture.
B)It had accepted Christianity through the agency of local kings who wished to better organize and govern their states.
C)It entered into a period of relative peace within and between local kingdoms.

Question 14

The Christian offensive in Spain against the Muslims in the thirteenth century had what result?

A)It brought an economic revival, especially for the Andalusian region.
B)It left Granada the last Muslim kingdom on the Iberian peninsula.
C)It saw the king of Castile, Alfonso X, expel all Jews and Muslims.

Question 15

The church during the twelfth century possessed a hierarchical structure with the pope and which group at the apex?

A)Archbishops
B)The papal curia
C)Abbots

Question 16

By the end of the twelfth century, Spain had experienced what change?

A)It was free of Muslim control in the northern half of the country.
B)It was a fully united Christian kingdom.
C)It was once again completely under the control of the Muslims.

Question 17

During the eleventh and twelfth centuries, Holy Roman Emperors pursued which policy?

A)Expanded the boundaries of the empire
B)Increased the size of their armies dramatically
C)Attempted to exploit the resources of Italy

Question 18

The investiture controversy was resolved in 1122 by a compromise agreement known as which of the following?

A)Edict of Rome
B)Concordat of Worms
C)Treaty of Verdun

Question 19

William the Conqueror took over England in 1066 after which battle?

A)Battle of Poitiers
B)Battle of Runnymede
C)Battle of Hastings

Question 20

The status of bishops and abbots as vassals of nobles led to which outcome?

A)The collapse of Christian worship in many places
B)Greater popular respect for the church
C)Increased worldliness and a decline in the execution of their spiritual duties

Question 21

All of the following statements are correct about the "Peasants' Crusade" EXCEPT which one?

A)After considerable hardship, the Crusade succeeded in reaching Jerusalem.
B)It was an exercise in religious fanaticism and futility.
C)The Crusade's leader was Peter the Hermit.

Question 22

Why did Edward I form a parliament?

Question 23

Followers of the Cathar (Albigensian)heresy believed which of the following?

A)Sex is the purest expression of love for God.
B)The spirit is pure, but the body is corrupt and evil.
C)Women and married men should be allowed to be priests.

Question 24

The Domesday Book could best be described as which of the following?

A)A law code
B)A manual of chivalry
C)An economic census

Question 25

How did the "reconquest" affect the power of Spanish kings?

Question 26

How is Dominic de Guzman, founder of the new Dominican order of preachers, best described?

A)He was chiefly concerned with limiting papal power.
B)He did not embrace the necessity of poverty for the members of new church orders.
C)He was an intellectual who created a new order of learned prelates to fight heresy within the church.

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT true of indulgences in the High Middle Ages?

A)Indulgences were granted for charitable contributions.
B)Indulgences were granted for viewing the relics of saints.
C)Indulgences could be gained only through pilgrimage to Jerusalem.

Question 28

Under William of Normandy and his son Henry I, medieval England experienced which of the following?

A)Anglo-Saxon institutions were abolished and replaced by Norman ones.
B)It was isolated from continental affairs.
C)It developed a strong, centralized monarchy.

Question 29

Describe William the Conqueror's practice of kingship.

Question 30

The sacramental system of the Catholic Church regarded all of the following as sacraments EXCEPT which one?

A)Penance
B)Pilgrimage
C)Extreme unction

Question 31

The Cathar movement gained valuable support from which region's nobles?

A)Northern France and southern England
B)Southern France and northern Italy
C)The Holy Roman Empire

Question 32

After capturing the city of Jerusalem in 1099, the Christian soldiers of the First Crusade pursued what policy?

A)Made the city the capital of the Holy Roman Empire
B)Created several Christian crusader states with feudal institutions
C)Sacked Constantinople on their way home

Question 33

Saint Francis of Assisi stressed which of the following principles?

A)Human beings should strive to dominate the natural world.
B)God could only be understood through rigorous contemplation of nature.
C)His followers must accept strict vows of poverty and live by working and begging for food.

Question 34

Which of the following was NOT a result of the Crusades?

A)Some cultural exchanges between Christians and Muslims
B)New economic growth of Italian port cities
C)The steady growth in power of the Middle Eastern crusader states

Question 35

How did the papal inquisition, or the Holy Office, a church court designed to try and punish heretics, accomplish their goal?

A)It accepted accusations of heresy against anyone.
B)It often utilized Cistercian monks as inquisitors.
C)It turned those deemed guilty over to religious authorities for execution.

Question 36

What was the object of the Magna Carta?

Question 37

What were the Church's teachings on purgatory?

A)It was a place where the soul was purified through punishment before admission to heaven.
B)It was a type of hell reserved for the worst sinners.
C)It was similar to the Greeks' concept of an afterlife.

Question 38

At the Council of Clermont in 1095 Pope Urban II did which of the following?

A)He promised remissions of sins for joining the Crusades to recapture the Holy Land.
B)He appointed Peter the Hermit as leader of the Crusades.
C)He urged the destruction of all Jewish settlements on the Crusaders' way to the Holy Land.

Question 39

What effect did the Salian kings have on the consolidation of power in Germany?

Question 40

What was the main objective of early French kings' wars? What successes did they have?

Question 41

How did the Mongols' experience in eastern and central Europe affect their designs on the rest of Europe? Why?

Question 42

What was the aim of the Cluniac reformers?

Question 43

Why was the Concordat of Worms of 1122 needed? What did it achieve?

Question 44

What effect did the Crusades have on European perceptions of church authority?

Question 45

Why did so many medieval people begin to desire a more personal religious experience?

Question 46

What were the most common motivations for the Crusades?

Question 47

What was one of the great political developments in England in the thirteenth century?

A)King John's success in bringing about a drastic reduction of the power of the nobility
B)The emergence of the English Parliament under Edward I
C)Edward I's successful unification of all the British Isles into a single feudal kingdom

Question 48

How were the challenges faced by the English and French king similar, and how were they different? What successes did they each have in overcoming these challenges?

Question 49

Describe Gregory VII's reforms and their effect on relations between the papacy and kings.

Question 50

What were the ultimate outcomes of the Crusades?

Question 51

How was Rus's development harmed by Mongol invasions? How was it ultimately helped? What role did Prince Nevsky play in these efforts?

Question 52

Henry, Duke of Anjou, vastly increased his fortune in 1152 when he married which wealthy heiress?

A)Eleanor of Aquitaine
B)Matilda of Touraine
C)Hildegard of Bingen

Question 53

Describe the position of the church vis-à-vis secular European leaders in the 1200s.

Question 54

What was the role of archbishops in the reorganized church?

Question 55

In what ways does the development of the Holy Roman Empire exemplify the struggles between medieval kings and nobles? To what extent did the Holy Roman Empire's leaders wish to create a unified kingdom in the first place?

Question 56

What was the role of saints in medieval religious life?

Question 57

What role did monasteries play in medieval communities?

Question 58

What role did the papacy play in the conflict between kings and nobles in Italy?

Question 59

Describe the role of sacraments in medieval life.

Question 60

How did a revival of monasticism benefit or disadvantage the church in the 1200s and 1300s?

Question 61

Why did so many people feel the need to begin persecuting heretics during the medieval period? What effect did this have on their relationships with other religious minorities in Europe? How did political and religious authorities get involved?

Question 62

The Magna Carta could best be described as which of the following?

A)A promise to work to develop democratic institutions
B)An affirmation of the traditional rights of barons
C)A guarantee of religious freedom for all Englishmen

Question 63

The power of the Capetian monarchy was strengthened by the emergence of which institution?

A)A council for advice
B)The Parlement
C)Both of these are correct

Question 64

Overall, did the Crusades lead to an increase or a decrease in trust in church teachings and authority in Europe? Why?

Question 65

What were the motivations of the papacy and Henry IV during the investiture controversy? How was the crisis resolved? What effect did such a resolution have on church-state relations henceforth?

Question 66

Some scholars have argued that the only thing Europe got out of the Crusades was the apricot. To what extent do you agree? Why?

Question 67

To what extent did the church capitalize on the dependency of medieval communities on them for important religious services? Why?

Question 68

What changes had been made to the church's political institutions by the 1300s? What were those structures intended to promote? How stable was this system?

Question 69

Parliament in England originally arose from which of the following?

A)Popular demand of the people
B)Insistence of the nobles
C)King's need to collect new taxes

Question 70

Which Capetian king wrested control of several French territories from King John of England?

A)Louis VII
B)Philip II
C)Louis IX

Question 71

How dependent were medieval communities on services provided by the church or by monasteries? Why?