Deck 50: Decolonization and the Third World

Question 1

French attitudes toward an overseas empire were soured by wars in

A) Algeria and Vietnam.
B) Indonesia and Burma.
C) Egypt and Zaire.
D) Cambodia and Morocco.
E) Belize and Cameroon.

Answer 1

Algeria and Vietnam.

Question 2

Third World countries, for the most part, are

A) making significant headway today economically.
B) improving the health of their people.
C) supporting the upward mobility of their citizens.
D) heavily dependent on the developed countries.
E) better off than they were when the Soviet Union still existed.

Answer 2

heavily dependent on the developed countries.

Question 3

During his presidency in France, Charles de Gaulle

A) freed most of France's colonies.
B) welcomed former colonies into a commonwealth similar to Britain's.
C) managed to hold on to Algeria.
D) both a and b
E) both b and c

Answer 3

both a and b

Question 4

The common denominator that applied to Third World countries in their quest for decolonization was

A) national pride and resentment at being controlled.
B) a rapidly expanding, prosperous economy.
C) converting to Christianity and applying its lessons to themselves.
D) the of popularity of Marxist ideals of equality.
E) support for socialist governments.

Question 5

Assistance from the World Bank and similar agencies has had what effect on Africa?

A) Industrialism has been promoted.
B) Job opportunities have decreased.
C) These agencies have encouraged the use of lower levels of technology.
D) both a and b
E) both a and c

Question 6

What characterizes the "Third World"? What are some of the problems unique to such regions?

Question 7

Analyze the forces behind the post-war decolonization movements; which of these, in your opinion, proved to be of the greatest import, and why?

Question 8

Most humans have always lived in

A) Africa and Asia.
B) Europe and North America.
C) North America and Africa.
D) South America and Asia.
E) Asia and Europe.

Question 9

For the former British colony of India, the years after independence brought

A) economic domination by the Soviet Union.
B) imperialist control of their own over smaller Asian nations.
C) civil war and political division.
D) a series of military dictators.
E) a strengthening central government.

Question 10

By the 1950s, European assurances that they should control the Third World had been

A) strengthened by U.S. support.
B) weakened by the two world wars.
C) strengthened by Soviet assistance.
D) challenged by Muslim fundamentalism.
E) shattered by civil wars in several colonial possessions.

Question 11

Compare the different roads leading toward the dismantling of colonialism by the major Western powers.

Question 12

What is the "population bomb," according to Paul Ehrlich? What are some of the future implications of this concept for the world?

Question 13

The first state to gain independence in sub-Saharan Africa (1957) was

A) Nigeria.
B) Ghana.
C) Kenya.
D) Guinea.
E) Somalia.

Question 14

Of the following former colonial powers, which one achieved the greatest success in retaining good relations with its former colonies?

A) Netherlands
B) Portugal
C) Belgium
D) France
E) the Soviet Union

Question 15

Considering the Third World countries, in what ways has technology been misapplied? What has resulted from these miscalculations?

Question 16

When Britain began to consider independence for India, the Muslim minority there

A) demanded the establishment of a separate state.
B) requested a seat at the negotiating table.
C) began a civil disturbance aimed at upsetting the negotiations.
D) sided with the Hindus in pushing for complete removal of the British military.
E) in a referendum refused to participate in negotiations.

Question 17

The practices under neocolonialism could best be described as

A) uncaring.
B) discriminatory.
C) thoughtful.
D) severe.
E) practical.

Question 18

Professor Paul Ehrlich's controversial book foresaw

A) nuclear annihilation.
B) the Green Revolution.
C) pervasive epidemics.
D) global warming.
E) massive famine.

Question 19

The main reason for warfare in Sudan in recent years has been

A) poverty.
B) a shortage of jobs.
C) religion.
D) ethnic differences.
E) political upheaval.

Question 20

United Nations aims and U.S. policy after World War II were implicitly

A) imperialistic.
B) pro-business.
C) vague about colonialism.
D) anti-colonial.
E) hands-off.

Question 21

Indian independence was ultimately achieved by the Hindu Congress Party under the leadership of ____________________ ____________________.

Question 22

The dismantling of France's colonial empire was directed after 1958 by President ____________________ ____________________.

Question 23

Why have the pressing needs of so many African and Asian peoples been so often ignored?

A) Because they lack resources that developed countries need
B) Because many Westerners still harbor racist beliefs and feel culturally superior toward non-Europeans.
C) Developed countries are too busy trying to hold on to the gains they have made at home to become involved in social issues elsewhere.
D) The developed countries have to spend so much militarily to protect what they have achieved at home, that there is nothing left over.
E) People in Third World countries are afraid to take very much financial help from wealthier countries, lest they find themselves colonized once more.

Question 24

In the Middle East, one of the best examples of the implementation of technology without thought for the consequences is

A) the Panama Canal.
B) the Suez Canal.
C) the Aswan Dam.
D) the Three Gorges Dam.
E) the Tokyo Airport.

Question 25

The newly independent country of Ghana became a member of the ____________________ ____________________ in 1957.

Question 26

During the Cold War era, many Third World countries were treated as ____________________ by the two superpowers.

Question 27

After 1947, Muslims split off from the newly-independent India to form the state of ____________________.

Question 28

For Britain, the post-World War II decolonization was crowned by the release of ____ in 1947.

A) China
B) India
C) Vietnam
D) Egypt
E) Ghana

Question 29

The Aswan Dam project radically changed the ecology of the ____________________ ____________________.

Question 30

The Aswan Dam project has resulted in all of the following except

A) irrigation of greater acreage.
B) an increase in supplies of fish.
C) massive epidemics.
D) increasing acreage of upstream farmlands.
E) a decline in Mediterranean fish stocks.

Question 31

Paul Ehrlich's disturbing book predicting future global famine was entitled ____________________ ____________________ ____________________.

Question 32

The ____________________ ____________________ called for basic freedoms for people everywhere.

Question 33

Held as a colony of ____________________ after World War II, Vietnam struggled for independence under the communist leader ____________________ ____________________ ____________________.

Question 34

The three countries that were eventually created out of the Indian Subcontinent were ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________.

Question 35

Which of these factors is not a strong indicator of Third World status?

A) Basic raw materials comprise the bulk of gross national product.
B) Foreign capital controls much of the domestic economy.
C) Dictators of one kind or another are always in power.
D) Third World countries remain heavily dependent on the more developed countries.
E) Most workers lack both skills and an advanced education.

Question 36

Because of the problems they experienced in trying to recover from the two world wars, Britain's citizens became more open to

A) the use of trade restrictions to help home industries survive.
B) letting their colonies go.
C) socialistic ideas in their government.
D) borrowing from the United States and Canada.
E) allowing women to come back into the work force.

Question 37

Decolonization moved rapidly after World War II for all of the following reasons except

A) European feelings of cultural and racial superiority.
B) nationalistic feelings that began to grow in Africa and Asia.
C) Europe's preoccupation with rebuilding at home after World War II.
D) a change in European attitudes about the morality of colonialism.
E) the attitude of the United States and the new United Nations that colonization was wrong.

Question 38

The main reason for warfare in Rwanda was

A) famine.
B) social animosities.
C) a lack of jobs.
D) poverty.
E) religion.

Question 39

The world's population

A) seems to be stabilizing at about 6 billion people.
B) is increasing exponentially and may have dire results.
C) may decline by mid-century if AIDS and other communicable diseases are not controlled.
D) is concentrated mostly in Africa.
E) is predicted to be rebalanced sometime during the 21^st century by a global catastrophe.

Question 40

The Atlantic Charter was

A) cobbled together by Stalin, Churchill, and FDR at Yalta.
B) a list of eight basic freedoms that included self-governance for all nations.
C) detailed plans for the development of the United Nations.
D) the basis for the United States' invasion of Iraq.
E) an alliance among all Western European countries that was designed to protect them from communism.