Deck 5: World Politics and the Global South

Question 1

Remittances are particularly valuable to many Global South countries because the money is typically spent immediately on basics such as food, clothing, housing, and education.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The Second World consisted of the Soviet Union, its allies, and countries committed to planned economic policies.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Banco del Sur was created by G-77 members to fund major infrastructure projects without Global North interference.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The less-developed countries are primarily located in the Global South.

Question 5

The Group of 77 was an assemblage of the world's wealthiest countries that wanted to cut ties with the Global South and pursue development through import-led industrialization in their New International Economic Order (NIEO).

Question 6

A realist would argue that European powers colonized the Global South for self-interest, trying to gain resources and power to improve their standing in the world.

Question 7

President Woodrow Wilson was a firm believer in the idea of self-determination for all people.

Question 8

Free trade agreements are emerging in areas all over the globe, including Central American, Southeast Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa.

Question 9

Mercantilism is the economic philosophy advocating free markets, free trade, and little government intervention.

Question 10

A business enterprise headquartered in one state that invests and operates extensively in other states is known as an intergovernmental organization.

Question 11

Laissez-faire economics emphasizes the need to accumulate gold and silver, and to conquer foreign territory to ensure state security.

Question 12

Many twentieth-century ideas on the rights of colonies focused on self-determination and decolonization, even though this period had many instances of conflict.

Question 13

By the year 1914 Europe had regained control of roughly one-fourth of the globe.

Question 14

Possession of oil has allowed some Global South nations to achieve a standard of living that rivals those of some Global North countries.

Question 15

The strategy of export-led industrialization concentrates on developing domestic export industries capable of competing in overseas markets.

Question 16

Import-substitution industrialization is an economic development strategy that involves replacing imported goods with those produced domestically in order to encourage domestic growth.

Question 17

One popular way that scholars describe the inequalities between the rich states and poor states is by dividing the planet into the Global East and the Global West.

Question 18

More than 90 percent of conflicts and casualties in the past sixty years have occurred in the Global North.

Question 19

Dualism benefits developing countries because its goal is to make sure both urban and rural sectors equally benefit from development by multinational corporations.

Question 20

The success of industrialization in the Global East challenges earlier ethnocentric assumptions.

Question 21

Which of the following may not be a downside to the rise of multinational corporations (MNCs)?

A) MNCs may spur local development of infrastructure such as roadws and schools.
B) Global South countries may become dependent on MNCs to provide technology and never develop new technology on their own.
C) Elites may sacrifice the country's welfare for their own personal gain.
D) All of these are true.

Question 22

Unlike earlier time periods, at the end of World War I the colonial territories of Germany and the Ottoman Empire were

A) parceled out among the victorious allies.
B) transferred under the League of Nations to countries that would rule them as "mandates" until eventual self-rule.
C) allowed to remain under the control of Germany and Turkey.
D) given independence.

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT true of Global South nations?

A) Most of them are underdeveloped compared with Global North countries.
B) There is a wide variety of geographic, demographic, political, and cultural differences between Global South nations.
C) Almost all of them are achieving impressive levels of economic growth through the use of import substitution policies.
D) They are located south of the equator.

Question 24

Which approach to addressing underdevelopment in the Global South is most likely to be supported by a liberal economic theorist?

A) Import-substitution industrialization
B) Heavy regulation of trade
C) Allowing free flow of capital and investment into the Global South
D) Egalitarianism

Question 25

Why do most ethnic national conflicts in the Global South have colonial roots?

A) Imperial powers drew borders with little regard for the national identities of indigenous people.
B) European countries instilled in their colonies their strong values of xenophobia and mistrust.
C) Most people in the Global South are simply unable to get along.
D) Indigenous people fight over which colonial power they would like to have rule them.

Question 26

V. I. Lenin believed the second wave of European imperialism was caused by

A) the desire of European adventurers for gold and silver.
B) the "white man's burden" to convert heathens to Christianity.
C) the monopoly stage of capitalism, which needed cheap raw materials and investment for accumulating capital.
D) the idle rich who wanted political positions abroad.

Question 27

The belief that the global system has properties built into it that account for most poor countries' inability to close the gap with  wealthy countries focuses on which level of analysis?

A) Individual
B) State
C) Treaty
D) Global

Question 28

An economic system that focuses on supply and demand in the marketplace and emphasizes minimal government regulation of the economy is called

A) a command economy.
B) mercantilism.
C) colonialism.
D) a laissez-faire economy.

Question 29

Which of the following is a characteristic of the Global North?

A) Wealthy
B) Located in the Northern Hemisphere
C) Industrialized
D) All of these are characteristics.

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT a regional trade regime?

A) CAFTA
B) Mercosur
C) ASEAN
D) APDC

Question 31

The Global South's New International Economic Order wanted all of the following except to

A) replace the old economic set up after World War II.
B) have a stronger voice in determining their interests.
C) form a coalition of the world's poor countries.
D) create alliances with regionally developed countries from the Global North.

Question 32

Which of the following best describes dependency theory?

A) Global inequities will never be solved as long as developing countries must compete with one another to supply primary products to the developed world.
B) Wealth is created through free enterprise, free trade, and efficient production.
C) The processes, economic and political, through which a country develops to increase its capacity to meet its citizens' basic human needs and raise their standard of living.
D) The idea that many college students will end up living with their parents for years after graduation

Question 33

Most countries in the Global South (outside Latin America) got their independence after

A) the Russian invasion of Afghanistan.
B) World War II.
C) the end of the Cold War.
D) the end of World War I.

Question 34

Countries of the Global South that have achieved economic success by participating in the global trade free system are called

A) dualist countries.
B) non-aligned countries.
C) newly industrialized countries (NICs).
D) dependent countries.

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT one of the facets of the revised version of modernization theory?

A) History matters.
B) Modernization is not Westernization.
C) Modernization leads to democratization.
D) Modernization is not linear.

Question 36

Since 1980, ______________ has spread rapidly and widely throughout the world and become the preferred mode of governance.

A) dictatorship from oil-producing countries
B) communism, alongside a free-enterprise component,
C) democracy
D) parliamentary dictatorship

Question 37

The second wave of European imperialism saw the United States expand its influence in

A) Thailand.
B) the Congo.
C) Guyana.
D) the Philippines.

Question 38

Which of the following statements are true about the legacy of colonialism?

A) Countries such as the Congo were able to transition from colonialism to stable domestic rule within a few years.
B) In areas where the slave trade was highly concentrated, people extend less trust to other individuals.
C) Few countries have successfully gained independence since the conclusion of World War II.
D) All of these are true.

Question 39

Which of the following is not considered a form of foreign aid?

A) Grants of money
B) Loans at low rates
C) Shared technical expertise
D) Transfers of military hardware

Question 40

Adam Smith, in his treatise, The Wealth of Nations , argued that

A) mercantilism was the best way to ensure state security.
B) wealth came from the goods and services purchased, not merely the accumulation of precious metals.
C) military expansion abroad was an inevitable product of capitalism.
D) imperialism was a result of the inter-European competition for dominance.

Question 41

_______________ is a cross-border investment through which a person or corporation based in one country purchases or constructs an asset such as a factory or bank in another country so that a long-term relationship and control of an enterprise by nonresidents results.

A) Foreign direct investment
B) Multinational corporation
C) Economic corruption
D) Foreign aid

Question 42

Common goals for foreign aid include which of the following?

A) Environmental protection
B) Reduced military spending
C) Increased power for women
D) All of these are common goals.

Question 43

In attempting to explain the persistent underdevelopment of the Global South, some theorists direct attention primarily toward what happens within these countries whereas others focus on the position of developing countries in the world political economy. Compare the modernization and dependency theories on the causes of the economic gap between rich and poor countries. Which one do you find more convincing? Why?

Question 44

Sometimes Global North countries place conditions on foreign aid money given to the Global South.  For example, the United States refused to grant aid money to any country that did not have explicit anti-prostitution laws.  What are the strengths and weaknesses of imposing conditions on foreign aid? Should Global North countries use their influence in this way?  Why or why not?

Question 45

MNCs have been praised by some and condemned by others. What are the pros and cons of MNCs in the Global South? On the whole, has their presence there produced positive or negative effects?

Question 46

Define both mercantilism and laissez-faire as schools of economic thought.  Explain why mercantilism fits with colonialism; i.e.; why would states that have mercantilist ideologies desire to colonize?  Explain why laissez-faire fits with post-colonial ideas.

Question 47

"Conditionality" in foreign aid refers to

A) the level of poverty that must be present for a country to be eligible to receive aid.
B) the terms of repayment of the loan.
C) demands that aid recipients must meet in order to receive assistance.
D) All of the above refer to conditionality in foreign aid.

Question 48

Which is not a reason many donor nations become frustrated with the slow growth rates of Global South nations?

A) Because many Global South countries do not endorse core Western values.
B) Because many Global South countries are entrenched in their values.
C) Because many Global South countries endorse an entrepreneurial creativity.
D) All of the above are reasons for frustration of donor nations.

Question 49

To break out of their dependent status, countries within the Global South have pursued various industrialization strategies. Import-substitution industrialization and export-led industrialization are two of the most common strategies. What are the differences between these two strategies? Which has been more successful? Why?

Question 50

Remittances constitute more than double the global total dollars in

A) G-77 aid.
B) foreign aid.
C) foreign direct investment.
D) externalities.