Deck 6: Nonstate Actors and the Quest for Global Community

Question 1

International terrorism is one possible effect of an extreme militant religious movement.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Because global security is so well integrated and organized, it is a simple matter to deal with terrorist threats or transnational crime organizations.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Under the current United Nations' budget, the poorest 17 percent of countries contribute less than 1 percent of the budget.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Pooled sovereignty means sovereign governments continue to make decisions as opposed to collective decision making by an authorized IGO.

Question 5

Although technically the World Trade Organization (WTO) violates the international norm of nonintervention, its members have voluntarily surrendered some of their sovereignty under the assumption that it would produce greater gains than losses.

Question 6

Members of the European Parliament today are directly elected by citizens of the EU's member states and have the power to overturn acts of the European Commission.

Question 7

The United Nations is an example of a "universal membership" IGO.

Question 8

Indigenous peoples are those people within a state that control the decision-making apparatus of government.

Question 9

MNCs are increasingly setting up regional headquarters in Global South countries to take advantage of lower wages and high skills.

Question 10

Since Europe began steps toward integration in the 1950s, several other regions have created intergovernmental organizations to pursue economic, political, and military goals.

Question 11

MNCs financial clout rivals or exceeds that of most countries.

Question 12

Nongovernmental organizations are uncommon and tend to be fairly uniform in their goals and membership.

Question 13

The United Nations Security Council is made up of five permanent members and 10 nonpermanent members that serve two-year terms.

Question 14

Religious groups are important nonstate actors on the global stage.

Question 15

In contrast to the unitary actor model, many states are actually composed of a variety of ethnic groups seeking a greater share of power within the state.

Question 16

Responsible sovereignty is a principle that requires states to cooperate across borders to protect global resources and address transnational threats.

Question 17

The United States has been eager to expand the permanent membership of the Security Council as long as the additional members are U.S. allies.

Question 18

One of the purposes of the World Bank is to address poverty through the Poverty Reduction Strategy.

Question 19

While realists often focus exclusively on the behavior of sovereign states, liberal and constructivist theorists are interested in the emergence of important and powerful nonstate actors in the global system.

Question 20

Ethnicity is synonymous with race.

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a potential downside to the proliferation of multinational corporations (MNCs)?

A) MNCs can provide a source of capital to developing countries, as well as jobs and work training for impoverished people in the Global South.
B) The rise of MNCs could contribute to job outsourcing, which is highly unpopular in the domestic economies of the Global North.
C) MNCs sometimes attempt to interfere with the domestic policies of their host countries, a practice that many consider inappropriate.
D) All of these are potential downsides to MNCs.

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT true of the European Union (EU)?

A) It began as a response to the widespread devastation of World War II.
B) The early organizations centered on trade development.
C) It has eagerly pursued new membership in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.
D) There is division between Western and Eastern Europe raising the possibility of a split between two opposed coalitions.

Question 23

Regional IGOs tend to fail when participating nations

A) lack geographical proximity.
B) have uneven economic growth.
C) have different political systems.
D) All of these are true.

Question 24

Critics have been very critical of the International Monetary Fund because

A) it operates on a "one-country, one-vote" system.
B) it allocates loans with no conditions attached for improving economic practices.
C) it is opposed to privatization of state-owned enterprises.
D) it attaches strict conditions on its loans, imposing its ideology on government spending for countries who seek loans.

Question 25

The World Trade Organization (WTO) originated with which post-WWII treaty?

A) The League of Nations
B) The Treaty of Versailles
C) General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT)
D) The Interstate Commerce Clause

Question 26

Which of the following is true about a theocracy?

A) The country's government is organized around a religious dogma.
B) Religion and state are separate and distinguishable.
C) In order for the state to thrive, it subordinates itself to the religion.
D) None has ever existed.

Question 27

The agreement by European states to delegate some of their domestic decision-making power to the European Union is an example of __________.

A) the nonintervention norm
B) pooled sovereignty
C) realpolitik
D) devolution

Question 28

The term irredentism refers to

A) the attempt by an ethnic group to reclaim territory by force so that the group is no longer separated by state boundaries.
B) the departure of religious minorities from their countries of origin to escape persecution.
C) minority communities who live abroad but retain political ties to their homelands.
D) majority rule over ethnic minorities.

Question 29

Territories that have not achieved self-rule are supervised under the administration of the _______ within the UN.

A) General Assembly
B) Trusteeship Council
C) Security Council
D) Secretariat

Question 30

The European Union and its security community is made up of states that have voluntarily given up some sovereignty in exchange for cooperative outcomes.  Which theory of international relations best fits this kind of state behavior?

A) Realist theory
B) Liberal theory
C) Feminist theory
D) String theory

Question 31

Which of the following is true of many, if not most, states?

A) Most states are divided internally.
B) Most states are highly penetrated from abroad.
C) Most states are not tightly unified.
D) All of these are true.

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT true of IGOs?

A) Their members are governments of states.
B) They meet at regular intervals.
C) They have established rules for making decisions.
D) They are generally considered less important than NGOs.

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the World Trade Organization (WTO)?

A) It is a full-fledged intergovernmental organization with a formal decision-making structure.
B) It is mandated to manage disputes arising from its trading partners.
C) It is dominated by the great powers.
D) All of these are characteristics of the WTO.

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a component of the UN?

A) International Court of Justice
B) Security Council
C) Council of Ministers
D) General Assembly

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of radical religious moments?

A) They are universalist.
B) They are exclusionist.
C) They are militant.
D) They focus more on spiritual, rather than secular, concerns such as social welfare.

Question 36

How are contributions to the UN's budget allocated among member states?

A) Each member state pays an equal share of the budget.
B) Allocations are based on a state's ability to pay.
C) Members contribute based on their state's total population.
D) The United States funds the entire budget.

Question 37

What distinguishes intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) from nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)?

A) Members of IGOs are states; members of NGOs are individuals.
B) IGOs deal with treaties; NGOs deal with humanitarian issues.
C) IGOs began with the Treaty of Westphalia; NGOs came about at the end of WWII.
D) These terms can be used interchangeably.

Question 38

Which of the following best describes the North Atlantic Treaty Organization?

A) It is an ethnopolitical movement.
B) It is a multinational corporation.
C) It is a religious movement.
D) It is a military alliance.

Question 39

Samuel P. Huntington predicted that a "clash of civilizations," rather than interstate war, will occur in the future because

A) states continue to become irrelevant in the face of the growing power of NGOs.
B) indigenous peoples are more war-like than state leaders.
C) ethnic groups have been purchasing a larger number of arms than states have.
D) people identify with and organize their activities around the cultural values of their particular civilization, not their state.

Question 40

Which of the following is an objective of the UN?

A) Maintaining international peace and security
B) Functioning as a center for harmonizing the actions of nations
C) Encouraging respect for human rights and freedoms
D) All of these are objectives of the UN.

Question 41

Greenpeace is an example of a(n)

A) multinational corporation.
B) issue-advocacy group.
C) ethnopolitical movement.
D) collective security arrangement.

Question 42

If nonstate actors such as IGOs and NGOs continue to be able to exercise strong influence over state behavior in the international system, then the old notion of the state as the only important actor will _____.

A) be proven correct
B) remain common
C) outlive other theories
D) become less accepted

Question 43

Debate the implications of nonstate actors for state sovereignty and world politics.

Question 44

Distinguish between intergovernmental and nongovernmental international organizations.

Question 45

Identify and evaluate the threat posed by terrorist and transnational crime groups.

Question 46

The World Trade Organization, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund were each formed to deal with specific international economic issues.
(a) Explain the purpose of each organization and how effective it has been.
(b) Do these organizations infringe on state sovereignty?

Question 47

Which of the following best describes issue-advocacy NGOs?

A) They often have celebrities to represent their causes and gain political attention.
B) They are relatively weak on issues that involve military security.
C) They have more success persuading governments to inaction than they do making major policy changes.
D) All of these are true.

Question 48

The European Union could provide a successful model of political integration for other areas of the world. What is unique about the situation of the EU that led to its success? What challenges would similar organizations need to overcome to form such organizations?

Question 49

Regarding MNCs and human rights conditions in their host country

A) MNCs are only concerned with profit; they are not concerned with human rights.
B) the governments of the home country of the MNCs are responsible for making sure MNCs do not violate human rights in their hiring and labor practices.
C) MNCs are increasingly sensitive to human rights conditions because a greater respect for human rights translates into reduced political risk and a more productive workforce.
D) the primary purpose of many MNCs is to improve human rights around the globe.

Question 50

Premeditated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational, transnational groups, or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience is know as _____.

A) terrorism
B) transnational crime
C) 9/11
D) warfare