Deck 6: Overview of Body Systems and Their Functions

Question 1

The two components of the cutaneous membrane are the

A) epidermis and dermis
B) epidermis and subcutaneous layer
C) dermis and subcutaneous layer
D) integument and dermis

Answer 1

epidermis and dermis

Question 2

The sites of nutrient, electrolyte, gas, and waste exchange in the blood vessels are the

A) capillaries
B) arteries
C) veins
D) lacteals

Answer 2

capillaries

Question 3

The major centers concerned with autonomic control of breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate are located in the

A) midbrain
B) pons
C) medulla oblongata
D) cerebellum

Answer 3

medulla oblongata

Question 4

Most of the oxygen transported by the blood is

A) dissolved in plasma
B) in ionic form as solutes in the plasma
C) bound to the same protein as carbon dioxide
D) bound to hemoglobin

Question 5

The basic functional unit of the kidney is the

A) nephron
B) glomerulus
C) renal corpuscle
D) filtration unit

Question 6

The heart lies in the

A) pleural cavity
B) mediastinum
C) peritoneal cavity
D) abdominopelvic cavity

Question 7

The gonadotropins are released from the

A) ovaries
B) hypothalamus
C) anterior pituitary
D) testicular interstitial cells

Question 8

White blood cells that phagocytize foreign particles are known as

A) basophils
B) monocytes
C) eosinophils
D) lymphocytes

Question 9

Controlling the postural muscles of the body and making rapid adjustments to maintain balance and equilibrium are functions of the

A) pons
B) cerebellum
C) medulla oblongata
D) hypothalamus

Question 10

Humans have how many pairs of ribs?

A) 7
B) 10
C) 12
D) 24

Question 11

Special capillaries located in the lining of the small intestine, where they absorb digested fats and transport them to the lymphatic system, are called

A) lacteals
B) labyrinths
C) venae cavae
D) lymph nodes

Question 12

The cranial nerves contain how many pairs?

A) 2
B) 6
C) 12
D) 31

Question 13

The basic functional units of the liver are the

A) hepatocytes
B) lobules
C) bile canaliculi
D) liver cells

Question 14

The cerebrum consists of two cerebral hemispheres, connected by the

A) diencephalon
B) brainstem
C) hypothalamus
D) corpus callosum

Question 15

The coronary arteries supply blood to the

A) epicardium
B) endocardium
C) myocardium
D) mediastinum

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?

A) Formation of bile
B) Formation of plasma proteins
C) Antibody production
D) Inactivation of toxins

Question 17

Which of the following is not a neurotransmitter?

A) Serotonin
B) Aldosterone
C) Epinephrine
D) Endorphins

Question 18

The most important chemical regulator of respiration is

A) the sodium ion
B) carbon dioxide
C) oxygen
D) hemoglobin

Question 19

The vertebral column contains how many lumbar vertebrae?

A) 4
B) 5
C) 7
D) 12

Question 20

Which of the following hormones is NOT released by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland?

A) Oxytocin
B) Prolactin
C) Luteinizing hormone
D) Growth hormone

Question 21

Which of the following systems does not eliminate wastes?

A) Respiratory
B) Circulatory
C) Digestive
D) Urinary

Question 22

The pituitary gland is controlled by the

A) pons
B) cerebrum
C) medulla oblongata
D) hypothalamus

Question 23

The thyroid gland secretes T3, T4, and ____________________.

Question 24

The left atrium receives blood from the ____________________ veins.

Question 25

A glomerulus is

A) the portion of the nephron that attaches to the collecting duct
B) the portion of the nephron closest to the renal corpuscle
C) a knot of capillaries that lies within the renal corpuscle
D) the expanded end of a nephron

Question 26

The central nervous system is located in the ____________________ cavity.

Question 27

The most numerous white blood cells in the peripheral circulation are the

A) eosinophils
B) monocytes
C) neutrophils
D) basophils

Question 28

The hypothalamus helps control some ____________________ glands by neural and hormonal pathways.

Question 29

Immunity against disease also protects against toxins and ____________________.

Question 30

White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are

A) monocytes
B) neutrophils
C) eosinophils
D) basophils

Question 31

Glucagon is released by

A) the liver
B) the stomach
C) the pancreas
D) the hypothalamus

Question 32

The upper respiratory tract contains all of the following, EXCEPT

A) the nasal cavity
B) the pharynx
C) the sinuses
D) the larynx

Question 33

The heaviest organ in the body in the average adult is the

A) liver
B) heart
C) spleen
D) thyroid

Question 34

The beta cells of the pancreas produce

A) insulin
B) renin
C) glucagon
D) aldosterone

Question 35

The eardrum is also called

A) tympanic membrane
B) labyrinth
C) semicircular canal
D) auditory tube

Question 36

Erythropoiesis increases when

A) carbon dioxide levels in the blood decrease
B) carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase
C) oxygen levels in the blood increase
D) oxygen levels in the blood decrease

Question 37

Platelets are formed from cells in the bone marrow called

A) lymphoblasts
B) megakaryocytes
C) erythroblasts
D) normoblasts

Question 38

The portion of the nephron between the Bowman's capsule and the loop of Henle is the

A) proximal convoluted tubule
B) distal convoluted tubule
C) renal corpuscle
D) collecting duct

Question 39

Which part of the neuron carries nerve information away from the cell body of the neuron?

A) Dendrites
B) Axons
C) Medulla oblongata and spinal cord
D) Corpus callosum and pons

Question 40

The process of red blood cell production is called

A) erythropenia
B) erythrocytosis
C) erythropoiesis
D) hemocytosis

Question 41

The cochlea is located in the ____________________.

Question 42

The study of the normal functions of the body is referred to as ____________________.

Question 43

There are two forms of digestion: mechanical and ____________________.

Question 44

The semicircular canals are filled with a fluid called ____________________.

Question 45

The liquid portion of the blood is called ____________________.

Question 46

The transparent front part of the eye covering the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber is called the ____________________.

Question 47

Glucagon is antagonistic to ____________________.

Question 48

The brain is subdivided into the cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, and ____________________.

Question 49

The study of the structure of the body is called ____________________.

Question 50

Melanocytes produce ____________________.

Question 51

Monocytes and lymphocytes are white blood cells collectively known as ____________________.

Question 52

The outer layer of the eyes is called the ____________________.

Question 53

The olfactory organs work with certain cranial nerves to provide the sense of ____________________.

Question 54

Antidiuretic hormone acts on the distal and ____________________ tubules of the kidneys.

Question 55

The most important function of the respiratory system is the inspiration of ____________________ and the expiration of carbon dioxide.

Question 56

The skeleton is divided into two major portions: an axial skeleton and an ____________________ skeleton.

Question 57

A kidney contains about ____________________ nephrons.

Question 58

Skin glands secrete an oily substance called ____________________.

Question 59

A capsule surrounding a joint is referred to as a(n) ____________________.

Question 60

Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulates the growth of the adrenal gland cortex and the secretion of ____________________.

Question 62

Explain the peripheral nervous system.

Question 63

Write a paragraph about the functions of the skin.

Question 64

Explain the wall and valves of the heart.

Question 65

Explain progesterone and its function in the female reproductive system.

Question 66

Define the major functions of the liver.

Question 67

Explain the structures of the eyes and ears.

Question 68

Summarize the divisions of the adult skeleton.

Question 69

List all hormones secreted by the adrenal glands.

Question 70

Explain the structures of the nephrons.

Question 71

Explain the upper and lower respiratory tracts.