Deck 8: Hemostasis, Emergency Situations, and All-Hazards Preparation

Question 1

Exposure of the population to anthrax and smallpox would be a result of which of the following?

A) bioterrorism
B) a chemical release accident
C) infrastructure incidents
D) natural disasters

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of acceptable and safe intraoperative autotransfusion blood collection?

A) blood collected during a major abdominal trauma procedure with small bowel perforation
B) bloody ascites fluid drained from the peritoneal cavity during surgery for ovarian cancer
C) blood collected from sponges into a basin of sterile saline during repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
D) bloody fluid suctioned during liver resection with use of reconstituted topical thrombin spray on oozing bleeders

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What would be the primary role of the surgical technologist in an intraoperative cardiac arrest?

A) Break scrub and dial 911.
B) Break scrub and quickly pull an open-heart setup.
C) Perform chest compressions on the patient.
D) Protect the sterile field unless directed otherwise.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is a genetic clotting deficiency?

A) anaphylaxis
B) aplastic anemia
C) hemophilia
D) hyperthermia

Question 5

The first-line drug used in the treatment of severe anaphylactic reaction is:

A) adenosine diphosphate
B) epinephrine
C) oxidized cellulose
D) thrombin

Question 6

Which of the following terms describes a life-threatening condition if not immediately treated?

A) heat cramps
B) heat exhaustion
C) heat stroke
D) heat wave

Question 7

What process does the human body use to achieve natural hemostasis?

A) coagulation
B) compensation
C) transfusion
D) transmission

Question 8

Which blood type is considered the universal recipient?

A) A
B) B
C) AB
D) O

Question 9

What does the letter D stand for in reference to the chain-of-survival concept in cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

A) death reduction
B) definitive treatment
C) depth of compression
D) destination planning

Question 10

Which of the thermal methods of hemostasis converts electrical energy into mechanical friction and does not produce plume?

A) argon plasma coagulation
B) electrosurgical unit
C) surgical laser
D) ultrasonic scalpel

Question 11

What would the circulating RN assess by weighing soiled sponges after use in a surgical procedure on a neonate?

A) blood loss
B) contamination
C) irrigation totals
D) potential retained object

Question 12

Which of the following is an emergent pathological process that creates systemic hypercoagulation followed by hypocoagulability and internal hemorrhaging?

A) anaphylactic reactions
B) coronary heart disease
C) disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
D) malignant hyperthermia

Question 13

Which member of the U.S. government makes a federal disaster declaration and mobilizes FEMA?

A) governor
B) president
C) secretary of state
D) surgeon general

Question 14

Which type of natural disaster is the traveling of seismic waves outward from an epicenter and is measured by the Richter scale?

A) earthquake
B) hurricane
C) tornado
D) volcanic eruption

Question 15

Which components of blood adhere to vessel walls and release epinephrine, serotonin, and ADP in response to an injury?

A) plasma
B) platelets
C) red cells
D) white cells

Question 16

What is the term for the blood products donated by another person?

A) hemolytic
B) hemostatic
C) homeostasis
D) homologous

Question 17

What is the clinical term for the lesions that appear on the skin of a patient experiencing an allergic reaction?

A) abrasions
B) carbuncles
C) plaque
D) urticaria

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a method of achieving hemostasis?

A) apportional
B) chemical
C) mechanical
D) thermal

Question 19

Which term BEST describes the broad response plans in place applicable to any area of the country or any category of disaster?

A) all-hazards
B) emergency action plan
C) hot zoning
D) triage systems

Question 20

The depth of compressions for adults should be:

A) 1 inch
B) 1 1/2 inches
C) 2 inches
D) 3 inches

Question 21

Tourniquets provide permanent mechanical hemostasis and enhance visualization by creating a bloodless field.

Question 22

Which natural disasters are classified numerically 1 through 5?

A) earthquakes
B) floods
C) hurricanes
D) tsunamis

Question 23

Elective surgery patients may be asked to discontinue use of which medication to prevent drug-therapy-induced platelet dysfunctions?

A) antibiotics
B) anticonvulsants
C) antacids
D) aspirin

Question 24

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is a division of which governmental group?

A) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
B) Food and Drug Administration
C) Department of Health and Human Services
D) Department of Homeland Security

Question 25

Health care workers can focus better on their job of patient care in disaster situations if they have done their own personal disaster planning in advance with their family members.

Question 26

Kitners, Cottonoids, and laps are surgical:

A) clamps
B) ligatures
C) sponges
D) tourniquets

Question 27

Which of the following disaster response units would include surgical technologist volunteer members?

A) Disaster Medical Assistance Teams (DMAT)
B) Disaster Mortuary Operations Response Team (DMORT)
C) Incident Command System (ICS)
D) National Pharmacy Response Team (NPRT)

Question 28

Which of the following accounts for up to 90% of contamination and should be removed as soon as possible after exposure to a radiological disaster?

A) ash
B) clothing
C) dust
D) hair

Question 29

Two members of the surgical team must perform the checks of identification information: patient armband, blood and Rh type, unit number, and expiration date prior to administration of any blood products to a patient.

Question 30

Bone wax is made of refined and sterilized wax produced by:

A) bees
B) cattle
C) pigs
D) sheep

Question 31

How long should a person performing disaster triage take to categorize patients for treatment?

A) 1 minute or less
B) 1-2 minutes
C) 2-5 minutes
D) 5-10 minutes

Question 32

In which type of disaster would hot, warm, and cold zone triage protocols be used?

A) airline crash
B) interstate highway pileup
C) nuclear plant meltdown
D) storm surge flooding

Question 33

Avitene®, Gelfoam®, and Surgicel® are examples of mechanical methods of hemostasis.

Question 34

Which medical specialist is probably BEST suited to perform disaster triage?

A) surgeon
B) radiologist
C) ER physician
D) anesthesiologist

Question 35

The Joint Commission requires health care facilities to twice yearly practice their:

A) National Incident Management System (NIMS)
B) Emergency Action Plan (EAP)
C) Point of Distribution (POD)
D) Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START)

Question 36

Which type of man-made disaster would cause the most varied physical trauma requiring surgical treatment?

A) bioterrorist attack
B) chemical gas spill
C) factory explosion
D) nuclear plant leak

Question 37

The Delayed, Immediate, Minimal, and Expectant (DIME) categories are used in:

A) disaster triage
B) labor and delivery
C) surgical scheduling
D) weapons grading

Question 38

Which laboratory study is done to determine compatibility of blood or perfused organs from donors to recipients?

A) arterial blood gas
B) complete metabolic panel
C) culture and sensitivity
D) type and crossmatch

Question 39

A patient given an Rh-incompatible perfused organ or blood could suffer which potentially fatal result?

A) all hazards response
B) anaphylactic reaction
C) hemolytic transfusion reaction
D) malignant hyperthermia response

Question 40

A memorandum of understanding (MOU) is a document signed by employees regarding their possible exposure to dangerous materials in the perioperative environment.