Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a typical sensation associated with angina?&#10;A) dull ache&#10;B) sharp pain&#10;C) extreme pressure on the chest&#10;D) burning sensation

Accepted Answer

Sharp pain is not a typical sensation associated with angina. Angina is typically described as a dull ache, extreme pressure on the chest, or a burning sensation.

Question 2

Which type of angina is least responsive to nitroglycerin?&#10;A) stable angina&#10;B) unstable angina&#10;C) episodic angina&#10;D) remitting angina

Accepted Answer

Unstable angina is least responsive to nitroglycerin as it is caused by the formation of blood clots in the coronary arteries, rather than just restricted blood flow like in stable angina. Nitroglycerin works by dilating blood vessels to increase blood flow, but it cannot dissolve clots. Therefore, other treatments such as antiplatelet drugs or cardiac catheterization may be required for unstable angina.

Question 3

When trying to determine if a patient is experiencing angina, the dentist should ask the patient, &#34;What type of pain are you experiencing?&#34;

Accepted Answer

False

Question 4

The ____ pumps blood to all parts of the body except the lungs.&#10;A) semilunar valve&#10;B) atrioventricular valve&#10;C) pulmonary artery&#10;D) aorta

Accepted Answer

The aorta is the largest artery in the body and pumps oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to all parts of the body except the lungs. The semilunar valve prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle after it has been pumped out, while the atrioventricular valve is responsible for preventing blood from flowing back into the atria after it has entered the ventricles. The pulmonary artery carries oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.

Question 5

The pericardium is the wall, or sac, that encloses the heart.

Accepted Answer

The pericardium is a fibrous, double-walled sac that surrounds the heart and protects it from friction and trauma.

Question 6

How should a patient experiencing an angina episode be positioned?&#10;A) supine&#10;B) feet elevated&#10;C) fetal position&#10;D) however they are most comfortable

Accepted Answer

During an angina episode, it's important to position the patient in a way that minimizes discomfort and does not exacerbate the condition. Allowing the patient to choose their most comfortable position helps achieve this, as individual comfort can vary widely.

Question 7

A patient experiencing angina will move around continuously to find a comfortable position; a patient experiencing a myocardial infarction will remain motionless.

Accepted Answer

This statement is not entirely accurate as some patients with a myocardial infarction may also experience discomfort and move around. However, it is true that some patients experiencing angina may move around in search of relief, while others with a myocardial infarction may not move due to the severity of their symptoms. It is important to note that symptoms can vary greatly between individuals and should always be evaluated by a medical professional.

Question 8

When treating angina, the goal is to ____.&#10;A) increase the blood pressure&#10;B) decrease the blood pressure&#10;C) increase blood flow to the heart&#10;D) reduce the heart's demand for oxygen

Accepted Answer

The goal of treating angina is to reduce the heart's demand for oxygen, as angina is caused by a lack of oxygen to the heart muscle. This can be achieved through medications such as nitroglycerin, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers, as well as lifestyle modifications like reducing stress, quitting smoking, and exercising regularly. Increasing blood pressure or blood flow to the heart may actually worsen angina symptoms.

Question 9

Angina is characterized by episodes of ____ that occur when the heart experiences oxygen deficiency.&#10;A) tingling&#10;B) fluttering&#10;C) pain&#10;D) slow heart rate

Accepted Answer

Angina is characterized by episodes of pain that occur when the heart experiences oxygen deficiency.

Question 10

What is a myocardial infarction?&#10;A) Death of myocardium tissue resulting from carbon dioxide starvation&#10;B) Weakening of myocardium tissue resulting from carbon dioxide starvation&#10;C) Death of myocardium tissue resulting from oxygen starvation&#10;D) Weakening of myocardium tissue resulting from oxygen starvation

Accepted Answer

Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, is the death of myocardium tissue resulting from oxygen starvation. This occurs when the blood supply to the heart is interrupted, often due to a blockage in the coronary arteries. Without oxygen, the heart muscle begins to die, which can lead to serious complications or even death.

Question 11

What is a side effect of nitroglycerin?&#10;A) syncope&#10;B) severe headache&#10;C) nausea&#10;D) hypotension

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a side effect of nitroglycerin?&#10;A)...

Question 12

When administered sublingually, nitroglycerin should begin to relieve symptoms associated with angina within approximately ____.&#10;A) ninety seconds&#10;B) ten minutes&#10;C) thirty minutes&#10;D) ninety minutes

Accepted Answer

The answer of When administered sublingually, nitroglycerin should begin to...

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a precipitating factor of angina episodes?&#10;A) disturbing dreams&#10;B) sexual activity&#10;C) getting dressed&#10;D) eating or drinking hot foods

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT a...

Question 14

Dan, a 70 year old patient, tells his dentist that he has been experiencing intermittent pain in his jaw. After examination, Dan's dentist does not identify a cause for the pain and may suspect that Dan is experiencing ____.

A) angina
B) cardiac hypoplasia
C) a myocardial infarction
D) valvular heart disorder

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dan, a 70 year old patient, tells...

Question 15

In some patients, what physiological change may alleviate the pain associated with an angina episode?&#10;A) Collateral channels eventually take over and compensate for the blocked arteries.&#10;B) The body releases endorphins in response to the episode.&#10;C) The heart beats faster to circulate more oxygen through the body.&#10;D) The body's metabolic requirements decrease to alleviate the stress of the heart.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In some patients, what physiological change may...

Question 16

If a myocardial infarction is suspected, the patient should be treated with nitroglycerin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a myocardial infarction is suspected, the...

Question 17

Amyl nitrite is often preferred over nitroglycerin because its side effects are better tolerated by patients.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Amyl nitrite is often preferred over nitroglycerin...

Question 18

What is a sign that a patient may be experiencing angina?&#10;A) pain radiates; intensity fluctuates&#10;B) pain is localized; intensity fluctuates&#10;C) pain radiates; intensity is steady&#10;D) pain is localized; intensity is steady

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a sign that a patient...

Question 19

Atherosclerosis is characterized by ____ the coronary arteries.&#10;A) thickening and hardening of&#10;B) thinning and weakness of&#10;C) contusions and hemorrhaging of&#10;D) inflammation and overproduction of mucus within

Accepted Answer

The answer of Atherosclerosis is characterized by ____ the coronary...

Question 20

Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the lungs?&#10;A) right atrium&#10;B) left atrium&#10;C) right ventricle&#10;D) left ventricle

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which chamber of the heart receives blood...

Question 21

Which is NOT a sign or symptom of a myocardial infarction?&#10;A) nausea&#10;B) squeezing pain&#10;C) stridor&#10;D) weakness

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is NOT a sign or symptom...

Question 22

Because a(n) ____ can lead to a(n) ____, it is important to minimize the stress of the patient during a dental appointment.&#10;A) angina attack; myocardial infarction&#10;B) myocardial infarction; an angina attack&#10;C) angina attack; cardiac hypoplasia&#10;D) cardiac hypoplasia; an angina attack

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because a(n) ____ can lead to a(n)...

Question 23

What is true of a myocardial infarction?&#10;A) Nitroglycerin is an effective treatment for a myocardial infarction.&#10;B) The pain associated with a myocardial infarction often occurs when the patient is active.&#10;C) An angina episode always precedes a myocardial infarction.&#10;D) A common cause of a myocardial infarction is atherosclerosis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is true of a myocardial infarction?&#10;A)...

Deck 11: Angina Pectoris and Myocardial Infarction