Deck 2: Atoms, Elements, and Compounds

Question 1

An element has the following electron arrangement. shell 1: 2 electrons shell 2: 8 electrons shell 3: 18 electrons shell 4: 18 electrons shell 5: 7 electrons
The Lewis structure for this element would be:

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Sodium is a highly reactive metal and chlorine is a toxic gas, but when they come together the resulting material, sodium chloride (a white solid), is essential for life. Which of the following is true when sodium and chlorine are brought into contact with one another?

A) They form a heterogeneous mixture.
B) They form a homogenous mixture
C) They form a new element.
D) They form a compound.

Answer 2

They form a compound.

Question 3

If the atom ratio of Na to N in a compound is 3:1, the mole ratio of Na to N is 3:1.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The elements sodium, potassium, and oxygen are considered to be "elements of life" and are in the category of electrolytes.

Question 5

The atomic weight of phosphorus (P) is 30.91 amu or about 31 amu. This indicates that each P atom consists of 15 protons and 16 neutrons.

Question 6

In 22.99 g of Na there is 6.022 × 10²³ atoms of Na.

Question 7

Electron shells define a region in space around the nucleus occupied by certain electrons.

Question 8

Group 4A and Group 14 are two different designations for the same column of the periodic table.

Question 9

The statement below describes an intensive property. "The cost of this container of milk is $2.99/gal."

Question 10

An element is a shiny gray solid that can be pressed into a thin sheet. This element is probably a metalloid.

Question 11

One of the orbitals in a shell of an atom could be pictured as shown below.

Question 12

Elements in the same period of the periodic table generally show similar chemical behavior.

Question 13

When a particular solid sample is examined under a microscope, it is observed that there are regions that are black and regions which are yellow. What type of matter is this sample?

A) a compound
B) an element
C) a homogeneous mixture
D) a heterogeneous mixture

Question 14

The pie chart shown below represents the elemental composition of the human body including water.

Question 15

An elements with an electron arrangement of:
shell 1: 2 electrons shell 2: 8 electrons shell 3: 18 electrons shell 4: 18 electrons shell 5: 7 electrons
would have 1 valence electron.

Question 16

An isotope of gallium consisting of 31 protons and 37 neutrons can be represented using the symbol shown below. gallium-37

Question 17

The electron arrangement for Na would be:
shell 1: 2 electrons shell 2: 8 electrons shell 3: 1 electron

Question 18

A mole of an element contains the same number of atoms as a mole of any other element.

Question 19

Neutral isotopes of the same element have the same number of electrons.

Question 20

The alkali metal found in period 2 is lithium.

Question 21

Use the periodic table to determine about how many helium atoms (He) on the average would be needed to get close to the same mass as an oxygen atom (O).

A) 6
B) 4
C) 12
D) 1/4

Question 22

Which of the following is true of the atomic weight of an element?

A) It is the weight of heaviest isotope.
B) It is the weight lightest isotope.
C) It is the weight of the most abundant isotope.
D) It is an average obtained from the weights and abundances of the isotopes.

Question 23

Which of the following is the conversion factor that could be used to convert a mass in grams of sodium to the corresponding number of moles?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 24

Naturally occurring lithium (Li) consists of only two isotopes, Li-6 (6.02 amu) and Li-7 (7.02 amu), where the exact isotopic masses are given in parentheses. Use the periodic table and determine which isotope is present in the larger percentage in the natural element.

A)
B)
C) The percentage of each isotope is about the same.
D) The relative percent abundance cannot be determined from the information available.

Question 25

Convert the following number of moles into the corresponding mass. 5.22 mol Br

A) 15.3 g
B) 0.0653 g
C) 417 g
D) 79.9 g

Question 26

How many moles of sulfur are there in a 0.685-g sample of sulfur?

A) 0.0214 mol
B) 46.8 mol
C) 22.0 mol
D) 32.1 mol

Question 27

The number of valence electrons of a representative element is related to which of the following?

A) atomic number
B) atomic weight
C) group number
D) period number

Question 28

What are the horizontal rows of the periodic table called?

A) cycles
B) periods
C) groups
D) columns

Question 29

A sealed cylinder is filled with a large collection of atoms that have 14 neutrons and 13 protons. Which of the following would behave in a manner similar to this collection of atoms?

A) a group of atoms with 13 neutrons and 14 protons
B) a group of atoms with 14 neutrons and 15 protons
C) a group of atoms with 15 neutrons and 14 protons
D) a group of atoms with 15 neutrons and 13 protons

Question 30

What is the mass number of an atom that is made up of 38 protons, 52 neutrons and 38 electrons?

A) 38
B) 52
C) 90
D) 128

Question 31

Which of the following correctly describes a proton on a subatomic scale?

A) It is massive and has a +1 charge.
B) It is massive and has a -1 charge.
C) It has very small mass and a +1 charge.
D) It has a very small mass and a -1 charge.

Question 32

What are the elements in the "A" columns of the period table called?

A) representative elements
B) nonmetal elements
C) metalloid elements
D) transition elements

Question 33

Which of the following sequences gives the correct order as we move from left to right across a row of the period table?

A) metal, metalloid, nonmetal
B) metal, nonmetal, metalloid
C) nonmetal, metal, metalloid
D) nonmetal, metalloid, metal

Question 34

Which column of the periodic table is commonly called the halogens?

A) 1A
B) 4A
C) 7A
D) 8A

Question 35

How many valence electrons are there in an oxygen atom?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8

Question 36

Which of the following is the Lewis structure for a nitrogen atom?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 37

If 1 mol of an element has a mass of 63.54 g, the symbol for this element is

A) Eu.
B) Zn.
C) Cu.
D) Xe.

Question 38

Which subatomic particle(s) are found in the nucleus?

A) only electrons
B) only neutrons
C) only protons
D) both protons and neutrons

Question 39

Which of the following groups of elements contains only metals?

A) Ag, As, Ba, Ca
B) Ag, Au, Pb, Rb
C) As, Ge, Si, Te
D) B, Al, Ga, In

Question 40

Which of the following is a chemical substance than can be broken down into another substance?

A) element
B) homogeneous mixture
C) heterogeneous mixture
D) compound

Question 41

The image shown below represents an atomic view of a compound CsI. What is the mass of one formula unit?

A) 259.8 g
B) 259.8 amu
C) 1.00 g
D) 6.022 × 10²³ amu

Question 42

Complete the following statement using one of the following terms.
compound
element
mixture
In the manufacture of steel, the percent of manganese is adjusted to determine the brittleness of the product. Steel is an example of a ______________________.

Question 43

Use one the following terms to complete the given statement.
salt
sugar
vegetable oil
When ____________________ is added to water a heterogeneous mixture forms.

Question 44

Sodium chlorate, an ingredient in many common herbicides, has sodium, chlorine and oxygen atoms in the ratio 1:1:3, respectively. What is the formula unit for sodium chlorate?

A) NaCO₃
B) SoClO₃
C) NaClO₃
D) none of these

Question 45

A person drinks 1900 g of water, H₂O, per day. How many moles of water did they consume?

A) mol
B) 0.009 mol
C) 105 mol
D) 18.02 mol

Question 46

What is the formula weight of ibuprofen, C₁₃H₁₈O₂?

A) 29.0 g/mol
B) 206.3 g/mol
C) 289.4 g/mol
D) 377.7 g/mol

Question 47

Compound consists of five atoms of carbon, ten atoms of hydrogen, and five atoms of oxygen. The formula for this compound is

A) CH₂O.
B) C₁₀H₅O₁₀.
C) C₅H₁₀O₅.
D) C₅H₁₀O₁₀.

Question 48

What is the mass of one molecule of glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆?

A) 29.02 amu
B) 180.2 amu
C) 29.02 g
D) 180.2 g

Question 49

What is the mass of one mole of glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆?

A) 29.02 amu
B) 180.2 amu
C) 29.02 g
D) 180.2 g

Question 50

What is the meaning of the subscripts in the formula for ethyl alcohol, C₂H₅OH?

A) Each formula unit contains 2 carbon atoms for each oxygen atom.
B) There are two carbon atoms per formula unit of ethyl alcohol.
C) Each formula unit contains 3 times as many hydrogen atoms as carbon atoms.
D) All of these are correct statements.

Question 51

What is the mass of 3.71 mol diethyl ether, C₄H₁₀O?

A) 20.0 g
B) 0.0501 g
C) 74.1 g
D) 275 g

Question 52

Use the following terms to complete the two statements given. A term may be used more than once.
heterogeneous mixture
homogeneous mixture
compound
In a restaurant fresh ground pepper is added to olive oil as a dipping sauce for bread. This dip represents a_____________________. Coffee with caramel flavoring is served for dessert. The coffee is an example of a _______________________.

Question 53

Which of the following is the correct unit for the formula weight of a large number of atoms?

A) amu
B) g
C) mol
D) molecules

Question 54

Enter the chemical symbol in the blank for the element that has the electron arrangement given below.
shell 1: 2 electrons shell 2: 8 electrons shell 3: 5 electrons
Symbol for the element:_____________________

Question 55

Use the following terms as appropriate to complete the given statement. All terms may not be used.
mass
volume
density
intensive
extensive
The ______________________ of a substance is an example of a ____________________ property.

Question 56

If you need a sample of 2.841 mol of Na₂S, how many grams do you need?

A) 0.003640 g
B) 2.841 g
C) 78.05 g
D) 221.7 g

Question 57

How many moles of oxygen would be required to make 4 mol of the following compound? P₄O₁₀

A) 40 mol O
B) 4 mol O
C) 16 mol O
D) 2.5 mol O

Question 58

Enter the chemical symbol of the element in the blank. An element has the following electron arrangement. shell 1: 2 electrons shell 2: 8 electrons shell 3: 18 electrons shell 4: 18 electrons shell 5: 4 electrons
The reactivity of this element would most closely resemble that of which element?
Chemical symbol:_____________________

Question 59

Enter the chemical symbol in the blank for the element described given below. Representative element in period 4 whose chemical behavior resembles that of O. Symbol for the element:_____________________

Question 60

Consider the atomic view of a substance shown below. This substance would be classified as a(n)

A) element
B) compound
C) heterogeneous mixture
D) homogeneous mixture

Question 61

Indicate the number of dots that should be placed around the Lewis symbol for the following element. Use an integer: 1, 2, 3, etc. as appropriate. Br

Question 62

Write the chemical symbol for the elements that is in period 2 and group 8A of the periodic table.

Question 63

Based on the text periodic table and using the correct number of significant figures, enter the appropriate number in the blank. There are _______mol is 72.36 g of citric acid, C₆H₈O₇.

Question 64

Enter an integer number (1, 2, 3, ...) in the blank. Sucrose (table sugar) has the formula C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁. How many oxygen atoms would be in 3 formula units of sucrose?
____________________oxygen atoms.

Question 65

Based on the text periodic table and using the correct number of significant figures, enter the appropriate number in the blank. The mass of 5.00 mol of oxygen atoms is _____________g.

Question 66

Write the name of the following element. Sn

Question 67

Enter the chemical symbol of the element in the blank. Calcium forms the compound CaF₂ . What other alkaline earth element with a smaller atomic mass would form a compound with a similar formula?
Chemical symbol:_____________________.

Question 68

Fill in each blank with the appropriate term from the list given below.
protons
neutrons
electrons
valence electrons
¹⁴N and ¹⁵N
have the same number of _____________________.

Question 69

Fill in each blank with the appropriate term from the list given below.
protons
neutrons
electrons
valence electrons
¹⁴N and ¹⁵O have the same number of _____________________.

Question 70

Based on the text periodic table and using the correct number of significant figures, enter the appropriate number in the blank. There are _______mol is 54.05 g of boron.

Question 71

Enter an integer number (1, 2, 3, ...) in the blank. How many electrons are in shell 2 of a P atom?
____________________electrons

Question 72

Based on the text periodic table and using the correct number of significant figures, enter the appropriate number in the blank. The mass of 7.00 mol of sodium chloride, NaCl, is _____________g.

Question 73

Classify the following statement as representing an intensive or extensive property by placing intensive or extensive in the blank. "Vinegar tastes sour.": _________________

Question 74

Convert the following mass moles. 22.98 g glycine, an amino acid, C₂H₅NO₂.

Question 75

Fill in each blank with the appropriate term from the list given below.
protons
neutrons
electrons
valence electrons
N, P and As have the same number of_____________________.

Question 76

Enter an integer number (1, 2, 3, ...) in the blank. Sucrose (table sugar) has the formula C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁. A sample of sucrose contains 2400 carbon atoms. How many formula units does this represent?
____________________formula units.

Question 77

Enter the chemical symbol of the element in the blank. An element in period 3 has the Lewis structure: X should be replaced with what chemical symbol?
Chemical symbol:_____________________.