Deck 8: Drug Abuse and Drug Treatment Programs

Question 1

Drug users generally develop a(n) _____ for the drug, which means that they have to take increasing amounts of drug over time to achieve a given effect.

A) aversion
B) distaste
C) ​tolerance
D) propensity

Answer 1

C

Question 2

​Which of the following statements is true about heroin?

A) ​It is synthesized from marijuana.
B) ​It stimulates the functioning parts of the brain.
C) ​It is the most widely abused opiate.
D) ​It is a hallucinogen.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

​Which of the following statements is true of alcoholics?

A) ​​A majority of alcoholics in the United States are females.
B) Alcoholics have an elevated appetite for unhealthy food, as alcohol acts as an appetizer.
C) The life expectancy for light to moderate drinkers exceeds that for nondrinkers.
D) When the body of a novice drinker is physically addicted to alcohol, it leads to delirium tremens (DTs).

Answer 3

C

Question 4

​_____ is the most abused drug in American society.

A) ​Alcohol
B) ​Marijuana
C) Heroin
D) ​Cocaine

Question 5

The highest rate of narcotics addiction in the United States was at the turn of the _____ century, when about 1% of the population was addicted to a narcotic drug.

A) ​18th
B) ​19th
C) ​20th
D) ​15th

Question 6

The _____, developed by Edwin Sutherland, asserts that behavior is determined primarily by the values and actions that are considered important by the small, intimate groups one interacts with.

A) ​labeling theory
B) ​differential association theory
C) alcoholism gene theory
D) ​anomie theory

Question 7

​Which of the following statements is true about alcohol use and abuse?

A) ​Women are more likely to use and abuse alcohol than are men.
B) ​Women's stomachs are less effective than men's at breaking down alcohol.
C) The enzyme peroxidase breaks down alcohol in the stomach before it reaches bloodstream.
D) ​The rural residents are more likely to abuse alcohol than urban residents.

Question 8

​Which of the following statements is true of narcotic drugs?

A) ​The most commonly used narcotic drugs in the United States are the opiates.
B) In 1900, heroin and morphine were made legal in the United States.
C) ​Heroin is not an addictive drug.
D) ​They can so depress the central nervous system that a coma or even death may result.

Question 9

Which of the following drugs when sniffed immediately dilates the user's blood vessels and is prescribed for patients at risk of certain forms of heart failure?

A) Amyl nitrate
B) ​Marijuana
C) Ritalin
D) ​Phencyclidine

Question 10

​According to Sharon Wegscheider, the role of a _____ in an alcoholic family is to distract attention away from the dependent person and onto something else, as it helps the family avoid addressing the problem of chemical dependency.

A) ​chief enabler
B) scapegoat
C) ​lost child
D) ​mascot

Question 11

The term ​_____ refers to the repeated and excessive use of alcohol to the extent that it is harmful to interpersonal relations, to job performance, or to the drinker's health.

A) ​alcoholism
B) ​alcoholic hallucinosis
C) cirrhosis
D) agnosticism

Question 12

​All of the following drugs are derived from the opium poppy except:

A) ​morphine.
B) ​heroin.
C) ​opium.
D) ​cocaine.

Question 13

​In the context of the effects of alcohol, all of the following statements are true except that:

A) ​hangovers are functional because they let people know they have ingested too much alcohol and discourage further binges.
B) 0.50% of alcohol content in the blood of a drinker can be fatal and cause potential death.
C) effects of alcohol are observable in a person when the concentration of alcohol in the blood reaches one-tenth of 1%.
D) the greater the weight of the drinker, the more she or he can consume before becoming intoxicated.

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of drug subcultures?

A) ​They provide support to children of people with alcohol dependence or an alcohol abuse problem.
B) ​They help the friends and family of a drinker prepare an intervention and find appropriate treatment facilities.
C) They provide training and education for clergy, teachers, doctors, and social workers so they are better prepared to address the concerns of children of alcohol-dependent parents.
D) They provide instruction on how to use the drug, including guidelines on the safety limits of dosages.

Question 15

In 1914, the _____ legally stopped the sales of opiates, which required that narcotic drugs be dispensed only through prescriptions by licensed physicians.

A) ​Pratt-Smoot Drug Act
B) ​Harrison Narcotics Act
C) Controlled Substances Act
D) Uniform State Narcotic Drug Act

Question 16

​According to Sharon Wegscheider, a _____ in an alcoholic family is the person who seems rather uninvolved with the rest of the members yet never causes any trouble.

A) ​chief enabler
B) ​scapegoat
C) ​lost child
D) ​mascot

Question 17

All of the following statements are true of depressants except that:

A) ​barbiturates, if taken in sufficient doses, have effects similar to strong alcohol.
B) ​quaalude and phencyclidine are depressants.
C) phencyclidine (PCP) is legally used to tranquilize elephants and monkeys.
D) ​Ritalin is a barbiturate, derived from barbituric acid.

Question 18

​Which of the following drugs is a stimulant?

A) ​Quaalude
B) ​Cocaine
C) ​Heroin
D) ​Morphine

Question 19

​All of the following statements are true of the effects of alcohol on a pregnant woman except that:

A) ​when a pregnant woman drinks any alcoholic beverage, the alcohol easily crosses the placenta, and the fetus attains blood alcohol levels that are similar to those in the mother.
B) ​​the more alcohol a pregnant woman ingests, the greater the probability that her baby will have fetal alcohol syndrome.
C) ​the uterus separates the fetus from the outside world and fully protects it from whatever drugs the mother happens to be using.
D) ​the chances of microcephaly, a condition in which the baby has a small brain and skull and has cognitive disability, are increased.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true of the society's perception of drugs?

A) ​The legal drugs are made easily available because they are harmless.
B) ​The dominant social reaction to a drug is influenced by the social characteristics and motives of the groups that use it.
C) ​Illegal drugs are more often abused and cause more harm in our society than legal drugs.
D) ​Drugs favored by the dominant culture are usually outlawed.

Question 21

​In colonial times, tobacco was a popular substance for chewing, and after 1870 its use for smoking increased greatly.

Question 22

​Anomie is a condition in which the acceptance of approved standards of conduct is weakened.

Question 23

​Which of the following statements is true of ​anabolic steroids?

A) ​They increase the size of breasts in female users.
B) ​They are synthetic derivatives of the male hormone testosterone.
C) ​They produce a feeling of euphoria in the users.

Question 24

​All of the following statements are true about marijuana except that:

A) ​it is several times more potent than hashish.
B) ​it comes from the hemp plant Cannabis sativa.
C) ​it appears to be useful in treating painful symptoms of some diseases.

Question 25

​Speakeasies refer to people who distilled or sold liquor illegally during prohibition.

Question 26

According to study results, medical complications, including cirrhosis of the liver, anemia, and gastrointestinal bleeding, develop more rapidly in alcoholic men than in alcoholic women.

Question 27

Which of the following theories is based on the belief that if alcohol treatment is to be successful, it must provide alternatives for those needs for which alcohol is consumed?

A) The theory of functional need equivalents
B) Anomie theory
C) ​Labeling theory
D) ​Differential association theory

Question 28

One drawback of Anomie theory is that it fails to explain drug abuse by people who appear to be achieving their goals.

Question 29

​All drugs create "tolerance" if used long enough.

Question 30

​A group of peers who advocates the use of one or more drugs can be called a drug subculture.

Question 31

In a social problems approach, a drug is defined as any habit-forming substance that directly affects the brain and the nervous system.

Question 32

_____ are people who are so trapped by a loved one's addiction that they lose their own identity in the process of obsessively managing the day-to-day trauma created by the addict.

A) ​Alcoholics
B) ​Abusers
C) ​Victims
D) ​Codependents

Question 33

​Which of the following is a self-help group for spouses and other family members of alcoholics?

A) ​Al-Anon
B) ​Alateen
C) ​Alcoholics Anonymous
D) ​SMART Recovery

Question 34

In the context of substance abuse counseling, all of the following are fundamental principles of motivational interviewing except:

A) ​supporting self-efficacy.
B) ​rolling with resistance.
C) ​developing discrepancy.
D) expressing apathy.

Question 35

​When physical dependency occurs, the drug user will generally experience bodily withdrawal symptoms if the drug use is terminated.

Question 36

​_____ assist addicts who have been hospitalized and detoxified to reenter the community at their own pace.

A) ​Community mental health centers
B) ​Halfway houses
C) ​Specialized chemical abuse rehabilitation centers
D) ​Medical hospitals

Question 37

​In the context of curbing drug abuse, a quality educational program should teach all of the following except:

A) ​how to recognize signs of abuse.
B) ​what effects commonly used drugs produce.
C) how to help someone who overdoses.
D) ​how to reach home safe after getting intoxicated.

Question 38

​Which of the following is an element of the Dutch drug policy?

A) There is an official intolerance of "soft drugs" such as marijuana and hashish.
B) People are jailed for either using or possessing any amount of drug.
C) ​There are treatment and maintenance programs that are readily available only to alcoholics.
D) ​A tough enforcement effort is aimed at the dealers of hard drugs.

Question 39

Differential association theory postulates that drug abuse largely stems from occasional users' being labeled "abusers."

Question 40

​All of the following statements are true of tobacco except that:

A) ​it is the third highest contributor to the death rate in the United States.
B) ​smoking by a pregnant woman may lead to miscarriage or premature birth.
C) ​nicotine is the primary drug in tobacco.

Question 41

In the context of self-help groups, the "helper therapy principle" asserts that the helper gains psychological rewards by helping others.

Question 42

​Briefly describe the following depressants: barbiturates, tranquilizers, quaalude and phencyclidine (PCP).

Question 43

​​Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a synthetic material derived from a fungus that grows on rye and other plants.

Question 44

​Family members of an alcoholic are responsible for the drinking because they don't stop him or her from drinking.

Question 45

Gamma hydroxy butyrate (GHB) is a central nervous system depressant that is used as a date-rape drug.

Question 46

​According to Sharon Wegscheider, the role of a mascot in an alcoholic family is played by a person who probably has a good sense of humor and appears not to take anything seriously.

Question 47

​A peculiar effect of cocaine abuse is formication, which is the illusion that ants, snakes, or bugs are crawling on or into the skin.

Question 48

​Define drug and drug abuse.

Question 49

​To what extent do you believe that biological factors predispose a person to be alcoholic?

Question 50

​Amyl nitrate and butyl nitrate are depressants.

Question 51

​Rohypnol is the most popular drug used for suicide.

Question 52

​Crack is not an addictive drug.

Question 53

​Most states in the United States have 18 as the minimum drinking age.

Question 54

In the context of the Stages of Change Model, the maintenance stage is the final stage of the change process that individuals go through when they successfully make changes in their lives.

Question 55

​Barbiturates are stimulants.

Question 56

Sometimes, when two drugs are taken together, one drug negates the effects of the other. This interaction between the drugs is called synergistic interaction.

Question 57

​Mention some of the reasons why people drink alcohol.

Question 58

​Most larger companies now sponsor alcohol treatment programs, as a component of employee assistance
programs, for their employees.

Question 59

​Morphine is more potent than heroin.

Question 60

​Explain the following theories of drug abuse: anomie theory, differential association theory, and labeling theory. What are the strengths and shortcomings of each of these theories?

Question 61

​Discuss the laws involving drug abuse in the United States.

Question 62

​Describe the employee drug-testing programs available in the United States.

Question 63

​Describe the objectives of Alcoholics Anonymous. Give reasons why self-help groups are successful.

Question 64

​Discuss the Netherlands' approach to the drug problem. Comment on whether this approach will work in the United States.

Question 65

How effective are educational programs in curbing drug abuse in the United States?

Question 66

Describe some of the drug treatment programs available to treat drug addicts.

Question 67

​Describe the concept of codependency. Summarize the treatment programs that are available for codependents.

Question 68

​Explain the effects and side effects of narcotic drugs.

Question 69

​Explain motivational interviewing.

Question 70

​Do you think the use of marijuana should be decriminalized? Cite your reasons.