Deck 17: Foreign Policy and National Security

Question 1

Within the U.S. government, which executive agency has primary authority over foreign affairs?

A) Senate
B) North American Trade Organization
C) Central Intelligence Agency
D) State Department
E) White House Executive Office

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following types of assistance involves sending engineers and agricultural experts to foreign countries to help those countries develop these industries?

A) Technical
B) Economic
C) Military
D) Covert
E) Digital

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The Cold War was an ideological, political, and economic confrontation between which of the following two powers?

A) France and Germany
B) Britain and France
C) United States and Japan
D) United States and China
E) United States and the Soviet Union

Answer 3

E

Question 4

After World War I, the United States returned to a foreign policy based primarily on which of the following?

A) Isolationism
B) Interventionism
C) Unilateralism
D) Globalization
E) Multilateralism

Question 5

By passing the War Powers Resolution Act, Congress established limits on the powers of the president in setting foreign and defense policy following which of the following wars?

A) World War II
B) Revolutionary War
C) Vietnam War
D) World War I
E) Korean War

Question 6

What is the mutually beneficial relationship between the armed forces and defense contractors referred to as?

A) Arms race
B) Iron Curtain
C) Military-industrial complex
D) Shadow Pentagon
E) Permanent war economy

Question 7

When a country settles a dispute with another country using peaceful means instead of resorting to war, it is an example of which of the following?

A) Arbitrage
B) Diplomacy
C) Collective bargaining
D) Isolationism
E) Expansionism

Question 8

Which of the following foreign policy roles is the State Department  most concerned with?

A) Intelligence activities
B) Trade policy
C) Covert action
D) Diplomacy
E) Defense policy

Question 9

Which of the following would U.S. defense policy be responsible for detailing?

A) Authorizations and appropriations from Congress for the defense budget
B) Procedures for maintaining a secure border for the country
C) Economic aid being delivered to foreign nationals
D) Estimates of enemy industrial capacity
E) Types of armed forces units that are necessary

Question 10

The doctrine of containment set forth by George F. Kennan called for which of the following?

A) The United States seeking to "roll back" communism in Eastern Europe
B) The United States building a metaphoric wall of policies to isolate communist countries from the rest of world, including keep them out of the UN
C) The United States initiating arms reduction talks
D) The United States blocking the spread of communism to additional countries
E) No trade between capitalist countries like the United States and communist countries like the Soviet Union

Question 11

To which of the following does diplomacy refer?

A) Being inoffensive and politically correct
B) A philosophy that sees nations as normally willing to cooperate
C) Formal public meetings held by heads of government
D) Relations between countries, including the settling of disputes and conflicts among nations by peaceful and non-military methods
E) The manner in which the armed forces are deployed

Question 12

To whom does the National Security Council report?

A) The joint chiefs of staff
B) CIA
C) Congress
D) State Department
E) President

Question 13

Which of the following is true of the Department of Defense?

A) It is  smaller than the State Department.
B) It was created to gather all military activities under one department.
C) It is headed by the military joint chiefs of staff.
D) It has consistently grown in size under every president.
E) It is staffed entirely by uniformed personnel.

Question 14

The attentive public refers to which of the following?

A) That portion of the general public that pays attention to policy issues
B) Individuals who have attended college
C) Elites in business, education, and other fields
D) Members of the public who oppose the government's foreign policy initiatives
E) Members of the public who support the government's foreign policy initiatives

Question 15

The National Security Agency and the Federal Bureau of Investigation gather information about the capabilities and intentions of foreign governments. Performing those activities makes the two organizations part of which of the following foreign policy functions?

A) Economic advisory activities
B) Intelligence activities
C) Covert operations
D) Diplomacy
E) Defense policy

Question 16

How is foreign policy defined?

A) The nation's external goals and the techniques and strategies to achieve them
B) The formal agreements that are approved by the United Nations
C) Interactions with other countries that are not related to economics or politics
D) The treaties that are ratified by the Senate
E) The manner in which the armed forces are deployed

Question 17

Which of the following countries is the world's largest arms supplier?

A) United States
B) Russia
C) China
D) Czech Republic
E) Israel

Question 18

A summit meeting among heads of state would be an example of what type of foreign policy action?

A) Intelligence activity
B) Security policy
C) Covert action
D) Diplomacy
E) All of these are correct.

Question 19

Which of the following types of policy is concerned primarily with the safety and defense of a country?

A) Technical assistance
B) National security
C) Intelligence activities
D) Foreign policy
E) Trade policy

Question 20

The Pentagon's strongest support for increased military expenditures has been from which of the following groups?

A) Arms suppliers and defense contractors
B) Members of the military and citizens who work in the defense industry
C) Members of Congress whose districts or states benefit economically from military bases or contracts
D) Presidents and members of Congress who identify with the Republican Party
E) Foreign countries that depend on the United States for military support and assistance in defending their borders

Question 21

The increased use of drones to track down and dispose of terrorists is an example of which of the following types of foreign policy perspective?

A) Expansionism
B) Interventionism
C) Isolationism
D) Moralism
E) Realism

Question 22

What effect did the Clinton administration have on the U.S. military?

A) It remanded the title of commander-in-chief to the attorney general.
B) It ordered the CIA to focus more on military intelligence.
C) It ordered the CIA to focus less on military intelligence.
D) It decreased the size of the active duty military.
E) It built new ships and updated all equipment.

Question 23

The Cold War refers to a conflict between the United States and its democratic allies, and which set of countries?

A) The "Asian Tigers"
B) The Axis powers of Germany, Italy, and Japan
C) The Soviet Union and communist-allied countries
D) South America and leftist guerrillas
E) The European Union

Question 24

Iraq is generally seen as divided into which three principal groups?

A) Shiite Arabs, Shiite Persians, and Kurds
B) Sunni Arabs, Shiite Arabs, and Kurds
C) Sunni Arabs, Shiite Persians, and Kurds
D) Sunni Arabs, Christian Arabs, and Kurds
E) Shiite Arabs, Christian Arabs, and Kurds

Question 25

The United States entered into the Gulf War in 1990 to drive which  of the following leader's troops out of Kuwait?

A) Saddam Hussein
B) Osama bin Laden
C) Joseph Stalin
D) Vladimir Putin
E) Kim Jong Un

Question 26

The Cold War refers to the confrontation between the United States and what other country (countries) after World War II?

A) West Germany
B) France
C) The Soviet Union and communist-allied countries
D) Japan
E) Italy

Question 27

Which area's open border policy was an obstacle in capturing the perpetrators of the bombing of an open-air café in Paris in 2015?

A) United States
B) Iraq
C) Syria
D) Russia
E) European Union

Question 28

Which of the following regimes was the U.S. war in Afghanistan fought against?

A) Assad
B) ISIS
C) Hussein
D) Boko Haram
E) Taliban

Question 29

Why did the Bush administration launch a military surge in 2007 in Iraq?

A) To hunt down the remaining members of the Sunni regime
B) To locate bin Laden and bring him to justice
C) To topple Saddam Hussein from power in Iraq
D) To defeat an increasingly violent insurgency that was destabilizing Iraq
E) To overthrow an Iraqi government that was not cooperating with American plans

Question 30

The text notes that over the last two decades, terrorism has become even more concerning because it has increasingly threatened which of the following types of target?

A) Foreign nationals
B) Government officials
C) Members of the military
D) Ordinary citizens
E) Houses of worship

Question 31

The first break with traditional isolationism and the first  large-scale involvement of the United States in an international conflict on foreign soil took place with which of the following events?

A) French Revolution
B) World War I
C) Vietnam War
D) World War II
E) Korean War

Question 32

President Barack Obama's support of the Libyan and Egyptian democracy movements was based on which of the following types of foreign policy perspective?

A) Expansionism
B) Interventionism
C) Isolationism
D) Moralism
E) Realism

Question 33

The relatively quick task of defeating the Iraqi military during the 2003 Iraq War, was followed by which of the following?

A) The immediate establishment of a flourishing democracy
B) A return to dictatorship, led by the sons of Saddam Hussein
C) The coalition invasion of Iran
D) A short lived anti-coalition Kurdish insurgency
E) Instability because of both ethnic conflicts between Iraqis and resistance to foreign occupation

Question 34

When did the last vestige of American isolationism end?

A) The Great Depression
B) World War II
C) Entry into the UN
D) When France and the United States signed a mutual alliance pact
E) Korean War

Question 35

If the United States is pursuing an expansionist policy, which of the following would it be doing?

A) Embracing the extension of American borders
B) Restricting exports and implementing higher tariffs
C) Abstaining from an active role in international affairs or alliances
D) Allowing more immigrants into the country to expand our population
E) Providing financial assistance for conflicts in other nations

Question 36

Which of the following types of defense strategy would a military engagement to stop an enemy before it attacks be considered?

A) Expansionism
B) Interventionism
C) Isolationism
D) Preemption
E) Containment

Question 37

The Bush doctrine rests on which of the following concepts?

A) Expansionism
B) Interventionism
C) Isolationism
D) Preemption
E) Containment

Question 38

Which of the following would be an example of nuclear proliferation?

A) Dismantling of nuclear weapons by the United States and the Soviet Union
B) Diplomacy used between countries that have nuclear weapons
C) Creation of huge nuclear arsenals during the Cold War by the United States and the Soviet Union
D) Spread of nuclear weapons to countries that do not currently possess them
E) Failure to determine an accurate number of nuclear warheads per nation

Question 39

The people of Iraq are divided into how many principal group(s)?

A) More than twenty
B) Five
C) Eleven
D) Three
E) Just one

Question 40

Which of the following was the first nation to possess nuclear weapons?

A) United States
B) Germany
C) Great Britain
D) Soviet Union
E) Russia

Question 41

Which of the following instilled a protective attitude from the United States toward the rest of the Western Hemisphere?

A) The Emancipation Proclamation
B) NATO
C) The New Deal
D) The Monroe Doctrine
E) NAFTA

Question 42

Explain what the containment doctrine called for, discuss America's major actions during the Cold War, and evaluate the degree to which the United States consistently applied the containment doctrine.

Question 43

Explain the constitutional clash of powers between the president and Congress in the area of foreign policymaking.

Question 44

Discuss the role of the attentive public in making foreign policy. Explain why its role is important.

Question 45

Trace the evolution of American foreign policy from isolationism to global leadership.

Question 46

What movement that arose in 2011 and 2012 was focused on replacing authoritarian regimes in the Middle East?

A) Amnesty Now
B) Operation Desert Storm
C) Arab Spring
D) Operation Enduring Freedom
E) ISIS

Question 47

Evaluate the foreign policy powers of the president and Congress, and craft an argument about who you believe to be the true holder of foreign policy power in the U.S. government.

Question 48

Explain how foreign policy, diplomacy, and national security policy shape the position of the United States in the world.

Question 49

Which of the following is compatible with the internationally recognized solution to the Israeli-Palestinian dispute?

A) The Palestinians to be resettled in Jordan with full compensation
B) Israel to yield the West Bank and Gaza Strip to the Palestinians in return for security guarantees and Palestinian abandonment of any right of return to Israel proper
C) Israelis and Palestinians to join a single state in which all citizens have equal rights, an equal vote, and equal access to government resources
D) Israel to yield the West Bank and Gaza Strip to the Palestinians; both Israelis and Palestinians may settle in either country
E) Israel to yield all territory not granted to it by the UN in 1948, including all of Jerusalem

Question 50

In January 2006, which of the following groups, known for calling for the destruction of Israel, won a majority of the seats in the Palestinian legislature?

A) Hamas
B) Fatah
C) Arab-Aryan Society
D) Kurdish People's Liberation  Front
E) Hezbollah

Question 51

Explain Eisenhower's warning in his Farewell Address. Discuss the role the defense industry plays in the U.S. economy. To what degree was Eisenhower's warning heeded?

Question 52

Explain the concept of containment and discuss how it relates to the Truman Doctrine.

Question 53

Currently, which of the following is the  greatest concern in U.S. and Iranian relations?

A) Iran's assistance to insurgents in Iraq and Afghanistan
B) Iran's secret development of a nuclear capability
C) Iran's treatment of American citizens living and working in Iran
D) Iran's closed society that forbids Iranians from traveling outside of Iran
E) The U.S. treatment of Iranian citizens living and working in the United States

Question 54

Which of the following is one of the biggest security challenges facing the United States with regard to Syria?

A) How to decide which rebel groups should receive weapons since some are supported by terror groups
B) How to address the attack on the U.S. embassy in September 2012
C) How to investigate allegations of chemical weapon use on the Syrian people by the Assad regime
D) How to restrict Russia's involvement in resolving issues in Syria
E) Whether to support the government of President Assad

Question 55

Describe the purpose and function of the United Nations.

Question 56

Explain the role of the president in setting foreign policy and national security policy. Discuss both constitutional and informal powers of the president in these roles.

Question 57

Discuss the course of the war on terror, and evaluate how much success the United States has had in waging it.

Question 58

Describe the constitutional powers that presidents have to carry out foreign policy. Discuss the raid that killed Osama bin Laden, and explain which power the authorization of the raid would fall under.

Question 59

Explain why making foreign policy is often viewed as a presidential prerogative.

Question 60

Describe the role of diplomacy in U.S. foreign policy over the past 50 years.

Question 61

Discuss the obstacles to resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and evaluate efforts to overcome them.

Question 62

Describe the internationally recognized solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Discuss U.S. policy toward Israel. Explain the degree to which U.S. policy is compatible with the internationally recognized solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Question 63

Discuss the logic behind the Bush "surge" in Iraq and its goals. Explain whether the same processes were at work in the Obama administration's surge in Iraq.

Question 64

Discuss the global challenges facing the United States in the twenty-first century. Explain which of these challenges you believe is the most serious.

Question 65

Describe the focus of America's foreign and security policy during the Cold War. Explain whether that focus has remained the same in the twenty-first century.

Question 66

Describe the current distribution of nuclear weapons in the world. Discuss and evaluate efforts to control further nuclear proliferation.

Question 67

Explain what the traditional goals of terrorism have been. Discuss the terrorist attacks that have occurred in Western countries in the twenty-first century, and explain whether these attacks seem to have the same goals as traditional terrorism.

Question 68

Explain how the war on terror has influenced relations between the United States and other countries.

Question 69

Discuss the security and diplomatic challenges that faced the United States 50 years ago, and explain the degree to which today's security and diplomatic challenges are similar.

Question 70

Discuss what the UN authorization to use force in response to Iraq's 1990 invasion of Kuwait called for. Explain whether the course of military action led by the United States in the First Gulf War was consistent with that.

Question 71

Explain what an isolationist policy is. Discuss the Monroe Doctrine and whether it is based on an isolationist mindset.

Question 72

Describe the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians and the efforts to bring peace to this troubled part of the world. Evaluate how effective those efforts have been.