Deck 10: The Adolescent Years Physical and Cognitive Development

Question 1

Males begin puberty earlier than females.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Adolescence is best characterized as a period of storm and stress.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The __________ level best describes the moral development concept in which children look at things in terms of good or bad, reward or punishment.​

A) ​postconventional
B) ​preconventional
C) ​conventional
D) ​None of the above

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The __________ describes why teens think that nobody experiences things like they do.​

A) ​personal fable
B) ​imaginary audience
C) ​invincibility fable
D) ​None of the above

Question 5

The __________ best describes adolescents' super sensitivity and self-consciousness about appearance and performance.​

A) ​imaginary audience
B) ​personal fable
C) ​invincibility fable
D) ​emotional fable

Question 6

Which of the following is not true of anorexia nervosa?​

A) ​It can be life threatening.
B) ​It can be an effective way to increase self-esteem.
C) ​It is more prevalent in girls than in boys.
D) ​It can begin as early as 8-9 years of age.

Question 7

__________ developed the concept of formal operational thinking.​

A) ​Kohlberg
B) ​Piaget
C) ​Elkind
D) ​Super

Question 8

During the conventional level of moral development, children focus on social relationships and compliance with social norms.

Question 9

Puberty has more of a negative impact on adolescent females than on males.

Question 10

Testosterone increases in males during puberty contribute to all of the following except​

A) ​increased muscle size.
B) ​changes in vocal cords.
C) ​hand and foot growth.
D) ​increased bone structure.

Question 11

Adolescents are no better at discussing abstract concepts than elementary students.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the progression of development in females?​

A) ​The vagina and uterus grow, and pubic hair develops.
B) ​Sweat glands producing acne grow, followed by pubic hair and breasts.
C) ​Breasts develop, followed by pubic hair and growth of the vagina.
D) ​Pubic hair develops, followed by growth of the uterus and breasts.

Question 13

Formal operational thinking generally develops uniformly around age 11 years.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the progression of development in males?​

A) ​The testes and scrotum enlarge, followed by pubic hair and growth of the penis.
B) ​Facial hair develops, followed by the growth of the penis and enlargement of testes.
C) ​The penis enlarges, followed by the development of pubic hair and facial fair.
D) ​None of the above

Question 15

__________ is not a secondary sex characteristic.​

A) ​Facial hair
B) ​Seminal vesicle
C) ​Pubic hair
D) ​Increased muscle size

Question 16

Part of the reason that adolescents have such a need to be accepted by their peers relates to changes in the brain.

Question 17

Which of the following describes how information that is stored in long-term memory relates to skills that have been learned?​

A) ​Declarative
B) ​Procedural
C) ​Conceptual
D) ​None of the above

Question 18

The age of onset of puberty is decreasing.​

Question 19

Sleep patterns change during adolescence and most teens do not get adequate sleep.​

Question 20

Adolescents tend to appreciate authoritarian teachers.

Question 21

Which of the following is not true about academic performance?​

A) ​Girls are more verbal and get better grades.
B) ​Boys are better at visual and spatial tasks.
C) ​Boys are better readers and excel in math.
D) ​Girls are better at writing and language.

Question 22

__________ have the most influence on adolescents' academic achievement.​

A) ​Parents
B) ​Teachers
C) ​Peers
D) ​Counselors

Question 23

Describe the personal fable, the invincibility fable, and the imaginary audience. Give an example of each.

Question 24

Which of the following is not true about early maturing females?​

A) ​Early maturing females are more likely to drop out of school.
B) ​Early maturing females experience more depression and anxiety.
C) ​Early maturing females have higher self-esteem.
D) ​Early maturing females tend to marry earlier.

Question 25

Which of the following describes the secular trend?​

A) ​The secular trend is associated with increased height and weight as adults.
B) ​The secular trend results in earlier onset of puberty.
C) ​Both of the above
D) ​None of the above

Question 26

Compare and contrast anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

Question 27

Which of the following is not true about early-maturing males in comparison to normal developing males?​

A) ​Early maturing males are more self-confident.
B) ​Early maturing males are more popular.
C) ​Early maturing males are moodier.
D) ​Early maturing males excel at sports.

Question 28

Describe at least five physical changes that take place during adolescence.

Question 29

Explain Piaget's formal operational stage and the capabilities that adolescents should acquire during this stage.

Question 30

Describe both structural and functional changes in the brain that occur during adolescence.

Question 31

Which of the following is not true of adolescents who are in the formal operational (abstract) stage of thinking?​

A) ​Their thinking is more flexible.
B) ​They tend to think in terms of either-or.
C) ​Their thinking is multidimensional.
D) ​They can think in terms of possibility.

Question 32

__________ developed the concept of the imaginary audience.​

A) ​Piaget
B) ​Kohlberg
C) ​Seltzer
D) ​None of the above

Question 33

Piaget's theory about formal operational thinking has been criticized because​

A) ​cognitive development is uneven.
B) ​adolescents in some cultures never reach this stage.
C) ​some adolescents reach this level earlier than Piaget proposed.
D) ​All of the above

Question 34

__________ is not a good practice regarding adolescents and school.​

A) ​Building a sense of community in the classrooms
B) ​Having authoritarian teachers
C) ​Having longer lunch periods and breaks between classes
D) ​Starting school later in the morning

Question 35

Which of the following describes brain development during adolescence?​

A) ​The corpus callosum thickens.
B) ​Unused brain cells are pruned.
C) ​Synaptic connections are strengthened.
D) ​All of the above