Deck 11: The Adolescent Years Emotional, Identity, and Social Development

Question 1

Adolescents in the identity diffusion stage of Marcia's identity theory are able to make commitments about their beliefs, relationships, or occupational choices.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The __________ parenting style is most effective with adolescents.​

A) ​ignoring
B) ​authoritarian
C) ​permissive
D) ​authoritative

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the foreclosure period of Marcia's identity development model?​

A) ​It is a crisis period.
B) ​It is a time of exploration.
C) ​Adolescents have made a commitment but haven't explored all alternatives.
D) ​Adolescents have a vague idea of who they are but can't make a commitment.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Sexual activity often begins with masturbation.

Question 5

During adolescence, girls tend to receive less parental monitoring than boys and thus are more likely to engage in criminal behavior.

Question 6

Sex education increases sexual activity.

Question 7

Generally, girls achieve better in school than boys and have fewer behavioral problems, but experience a greater decrease in self-esteem.

Question 8

In the achieved status of ethnic identity development, an adolescent has explored his or her identity and accepts his or her ethnicity.​

Question 9

__________ is not a factor in Erikson's view of identity development in adolescence?​

A) ​Occupation choice
B) ​Adopting guiding values
C) Parental approval
D) ​Development of sexual identity

Question 10

Which of the following is not true regarding adolescent suicide?​

A) ​Suicide is the second leading cause of death among adolescents.
B) ​Females attempt suicide more frequently, but males complete suicide more frequently.
C) ​Females use more passive methods of attempting suicide, such as using pills.
D) ​More adolescents contemplate suicide than actually commit the act.

Question 11

__________ is directly linked to adolescent suicide.​

A) ​Supportive home environment
B) ​Impulsivity
C) ​High self-esteem
D) ​Social connectedness

Question 12

__________ is not one of the stages in Super's vocational development model.​

A) ​Implementation
B) ​Exploration
C) ​Crystallization
D) ​Specification

Question 13

__________ is not one of the stages in Marcia's identity development model.​

A) Moratorium​
B) ​Experimentation
C) ​Foreclosure
D) ​Identity achievement

Question 14

Western countries seem to promote a shortened adolescence.​

Question 15

Teens often self-identify as gay or lesbian by age 16 years of age.

Question 16

In which of Marcia's identity development stages would an adolescent experience struggling with decisions?​

A) ​Moratorium
B) ​Foreclosure
C) Experimentation
D) ​Identity achievement

Question 17

Anxiety is the most prevalent psychological disturbance that occurs during adolescence.

Question 18

_________ is the most common cause of psychological disturbance that occurs during adolescence.​

A) ​Anxiety
B) ​Schizophrenia
C) ​Oppositional defiant disorder
D) ​Depression

Question 19

There are both benefits and drawbacks to working during high school.

Question 20

Which of the following is not true of adolescent depression?​

A) ​Depression rates during adolescence are equal for boys and girls.
B) ​Depression is more common in families with high conflict.
C) ​Depression is more common in families with divorced parents.
D) ​Increased preoccupation with body image may contribute to depression.

Question 21

Which of the following is not true of the sibling relationship during adolescence?​

A) ​It mirrors the parent-child relationship.
B) ​Conflict is more common.
C) ​Siblings become closer.
D) ​Adolescents are less likely to be influenced by siblings.

Question 22

What are the four stages of Marcia's identity development model? What attributes characterize each stage?

Question 23

Identify at least five reasons why the authoritative style is the best style for both parents and teachers of adolescents to adopt.

Question 24

Phinney's _____________ status is identified by an adolescent's exploration and acceptance of his or her ethnicity.​

A) ​moratorium
B) ​diffuse
C) ​foreclosed
D) ​achieved

Question 25

Discuss gender differences during puberty in regard to both biological and social/emotional factors.​

Question 26

Which of the following is TRUE of the parent-child relationship during adolescence?​

A) ​Children no longer need parents.
B) ​There is an increase in time spent with parents.
C) ​There is often conflict in the relationship.
D) ​Parents no longer need to set limits for the child.

Question 27

Which statement best represents adolescent girls' experience in regard to self-confidence?​

A) ​Self-confidence increases during puberty.
B) Self-confidence is strengthened by their strong ability to cope with physical changes.
C) ​Self-confidence decreases from childhood to adolescence.
D) ​Self-confidence is not affected by puberty.

Question 28

Explain why depression corresponds so highly with puberty. What factors contribute to this connection?

Question 29

___________ occurs when adolescents have explored options and thought about what they want in life.​

A) ​Closure
B) ​Finality
C) ​Stability
D) ​Identity achievement

Question 30

Risky behaviors​

A) escalate during adolescence.​
B) ​may lead to delinquency.
C) ​are perceived as exciting and not potentially catastrophic to some adolescents.
D) ​All of the above

Question 31

Which of the following is not true of peer pressure?​

A) ​It is always negative.
B) ​Peer influence is strongest during adolescence.
C) ​The need to be accepted by one's peers is influenced by changes in the brain.
D) ​Peer pressure sometimes elicits positive behavior.

Question 32

Discuss the concept of frameworklessness, and give a specific example.

Question 33

Authoritarian parents are​

A) ​demanding, rigid, and harsh.
B) ​reasonable, disciplined, and supportive.
C) ​uninvolved, warm, and in control.
D) ​selfish, unsupportive, and demanding.

Question 34

In Phinney's ethnic identity statuses, __________ is when the adolescent has not explored his or her ethnic identity.​

A) ​moratorium
B) ​diffusion
C) ​achievement
D) ​foreclosure

Question 35

Frameworklessness refers to​

A) ​a loss of family structure.
B) ​a school system with free-flowing schedules.
C) ​conducting therapy with adolescents without a theoretical background.
D) ​being caught between the familiarity of childhood and the unfamiliarity of adolescence.