Deck 12: Young Adulthood Physical and Cognitive Development

Question 1

Which is not true of health during emerging adulthood?​

A) ​Substance abuse peaks during this time.
B) Health during this time is often taken for granted.
C) ​Young adults have high rates of health care coverage.
D) ​Mortality rates triple between adolescence and young adulthood.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Young adults who engage in unhealthy habits (e.g., smoking, drinking, drug use, practicing unsafe sex)​

A) are still able to perform at their physical peak.​
B) ​remain unaffected by the consequences of their habits in middle and late adulthood.
C) ​only experience health issues if their habits continue into middle adulthood.
D) ​None of the above

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The transition from adolescence to adulthood is also known as​

A) ​new adulthood.
B) ​fresh adulthood.
C) ​emerging adulthood.
D) ​exploratory adulthood.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

__________ is not a key feature of emerging adulthood.​

A) ​Identity exploration
B) ​Stability
C) ​Opportunity
D) ​Self-focus

Question 5

Multiplicity refers to a cognitive shift in realizing that whether something is right or wrong depends on the context.

Question 6

__________ is an advantage of getting a good night's sleep.​

A) ​Solidified learning experiences
B) ​Decreased appetite
C) ​Decreased risky behaviors
D) ​Increased intelligence

Question 7

Adults who demonstrate postformal thought recognize that truth is not absolute.

Question 8

Young adulthood concretely begins at the age of 18 for every person, in all cultures.

Question 9

According to Kohlberg, individuals who operate in accordance with their own personal moral code and conscience are at the conventional stages of moral reasoning.

Question 10

Lifestyle and health choices made in young adulthood have no effect on an individual's future health.

Question 11

Emerging adulthood is defined by the features of identity exploration, self-focus, instability, feeling in-between, and opportunity.

Question 12

A commitment to relativism refers to the process of choosing and adhering to personal commitments.

Question 13

Advantages of eating nutritious meals and exercising regularly during young adulthood include all of the following except​

A) ​reduced risk of heart disease.
B) ​greater social desirability.
C) ​improved cognitive functioning.
D) ​reduced risk of diabetes.

Question 14

During early adulthood, the brain experiences a growth spurt, resulting in​

A) ​the growth of synaptic connections.
B) ​fewer but stronger synaptic connections.
C) ​reductions in the white matter due to myelination.
D) ​decreased emotional control and increased ability to evaluate abstract principles.

Question 15

Young adults have the highest rates of alcohol and drug use of any age group.

Question 16

Fluid intelligence refers to the breadth of knowledge you have acquired through formal education and life experiences in a particular culture.

Question 17

Obesity is defined as​

A) ​not fitting into medium-sized clothing.
B) ​feeling larger than one would like to be.
C) ​weighing more than twice one's height in inches.
D) ​having a body mass index above 30.

Question 18

In early adulthood, physical performance peaks.

Question 19

​Which feature of emerging adulthood is characterized by a feeling of being in transition?

A) ​Identity
B) ​Self-focused
C) ​Instability
D) ​Feeling in-between

Question 20

Binge drinking is defined as having had​

A) ​five or more drinks at least one day in the past week.
B) ​ten or more drinks in a row at least one day in the past week.
C) ​three drinks in a row at least once a day.
D) ​five or more drinks in a row at least one day in the past month.

Question 21

Describe how exposure to diversity and technological advances have impacted the moral development of young adults.

Question 22

In regard to Women's Ways of Knowing, during the __________ stage women learn by listening to authorities and believing that absolute truth comes from those in power.​

A) Silence​
B) ​Received Knowledge
C) ​Subjective Knowledge
D) ​Constructed Knowledge

Question 23

__________ is characterized by a cognitive shift in recognizing that whether something is right or wrong depends on the situation.​

A) Multiplicity​
B) ​Relativism
C) ​Dualism
D) ​Postformal thought

Question 24

__________ is characterized by dichotomous thought and the belief that authorities know the absolute truth.​

A) ​Multiplicity
B) ​Relativism
C) ​Dualism
D) ​Postformal thought

Question 25

__________ intelligence refers to the ability to think logically, demonstrate mental flexibility, and solve problems in new ways.​

A) ​Crystallized
B) ​Malleable
C) ​Fluid
D) ​Mature

Question 26

During the __________ stage of Women's Ways of Knowing, women view themselves as deaf and dumb, having no independent voice.​

A) ​Silence
B) ​Received Knowledge
C) ​Subjective Knowledge
D) ​Constructed Knowledge

Question 27

__________ intelligence refers to the breadth of knowledge acquired through formal education and life experiences.​

A) ​Crystallized
B) ​Malleable
C) ​Fluid
D) ​Mature

Question 28

__________ refers to the gradual process of learning new cognitive abilities.​

A) ​Optimal level of development
B) ​Cognitive scaffolding
C) ​Information processing
D) ​Skill acquisition

Question 29

Describe how a young adult's unhealthy lifestyle choices can affect his or her physical health and performance. How can counselors work to promote healthy lifestyle habits in young adults?

Question 30

Name and describe the five key features of emerging adulthood.​

Question 31

Describe the concepts of dualism, multiplicity, relativism, and commitment to relativism in regard to Perry's theory of intellectual and ethical development.

Question 32

__________ intelligence declines throughout adulthood, whereas ___________ intelligence increases with age.​

A) Crystallized; fluid​
B) ​Fluid; stable
C) ​Crystallized; flexible
D) ​Fluid; crystallized

Question 33

__________ marks the ability to realize the legitimacy of multiple viewpoints and no longer believe that authority holds absolute truth.​

A) ​Multiplicity
B) ​Relativism
C) Dualism
D) ​Postformal thought

Question 34

Reflexive judgment refers to​

A) ​how one responds to the natural judgment of others.
B) ​making decisions based on one's gut reactions.
C) ​the way in which adults analyze a problem and justify their solutions.
D) ​the process by which adults pick a mate and analyze their compatibility.

Question 35

​Name the characteristics of postformal thought, and describe how adult cognition differs from formal operational thought that characterizes adolescence.