Deck 16: Later Adulthood and Old Age Physical and Cognitive Development

Question 1

Tasks requiring strategy initiation in combination with effortful processing, such as recall, tend to be more age sensitive than automatic processes such as recognition.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Among older adults experiencing cognitive decline, the domains most affected include​

A) ​working memory.
B) ​reasoning.
C) ​spatial orientation.
D) ​All of the above

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Although older Americans will age into Medicare eligibility, (s)he must have __________ to quality for additional government assistance in the form of __________.​

A) ​low income; Medicaid
B) ​low income; Social Security
C) ​AARP; Unemployment
D) ​an illness; Medicaid

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Fluid intelligence refers to​

A) ​intelligence accumulated from past experience and socialization.
B) ​intelligence that is measured on a verbal and a performance scale.
C) ​intelligence applied to new tasks or the ability to come up with novel or creative solutions to unforeseen problems.
D) ​None of the above

Question 5

Measures of fluid intelligence include​

A) ​verbal comprehension.
B) ​spatial orientation.
C) ​word association.
D) ​social judgment.

Question 6

Most adults will suffer from some form of dementia.

Question 7

Older adults who have made poor lifestyle choices for decades can benefit meaningfully from making health choices in later life.

Question 8

Wisdom is most likely fluid intelligence and not crystallized intelligence.

Question 9

The person whose arteries are less elastic, thus causing the heart to work harder to pump blood throughout the body, is suffering from​

A) ​hypertension.
B) ​hypotension.
C) ​hypothyroidism.
D) ​hyperthyroidism.

Question 10

__________ is most likely to affect the performance of an older adult when taking a mental abilities test.​

A) ​Time constraint
B) ​Tone and loudness of test-giver's voice
C) ​Large-print text
D) ​Light level

Question 11

Memory retrieval typically slows with the aging process.

Question 12

The decrease in bone density commonly seen in later life is diagnosed as​

A) ​osteoporosis.
B) ​multiple sclerosis.
C) ​scoliosis.
D) ​osteonecrosis.

Question 13

Social support, both giving and receiving support, can positively affect cognitive function in later life.

Question 14

Crystallized intelligence refers to​

A) ​intelligence that is measured on a verbal and a performance scale.
B) ​intelligence accumulated from past experience and socialization.
C) ​intelligence applied to new tasks or the ability to come up with novel or creative solutions to unforeseen problems.
D) ​pragmatic or social judgment.

Question 15

__________ is comprised of a group of theories that build on the idea that social institutions provide a structural basis for organizing society and that our life roles are determined by the needs of society.​

A) ​Role theory
B) ​Lifespan developmental
C) ​Exchange theory
D) ​Life course perspective

Question 16

Presbyopia refers to the decreasing ability of the eye's lens to focus on close objects as it become less flexible.

Question 17

Old age begins promptly at the age of 60.

Question 18

With regard to memory, primary memory refers to an initial temporary stage of memory.

Question 19

Hospice reflects a philosophy designed to provide __________ care.​

A) ​curative
B) ​managed
C) ​end-of-life or palliative
D) ​disease-focused

Question 20

Intelligence does not have potential for growth at advanced ages.

Question 21

Which is not true of aging?​

A) ​Aging is universal.
B) ​Aging is progressive.
C) ​There is no physiological decline due to aging.
D) ​Aging cannot be self-corrected or healed by an individual.

Question 22

__________ describes the idea that unstable and potentially damaging molecules are produced when the body transforms food into chemical energy.​

A) ​Telomere theory
B) ​Systems biology theory
C) ​Free radical theory
D) ​Homeostasis

Question 23

Whereas __________ represents a generalized category describing loss of cognitive function, __________ is the most common form this condition will take in older adults.​

A) ​dementia; Alzheimer's disease
B) ​aphasia; Alzheimer's disease
C) ​dementia; Parkinson's disease
D) ​aphasia; Parkinson's disease

Question 24

At what age should a person be eligible to receive Social Security or Medicare?

Question 25

Progeroid conditions​

A) ​accelerate aging.
B) ​increase the risk for cardiovascular disease.
C) ​increase the risk for cancer.
D) ​All of the above

Question 26

How might cognitive interventions help in later adulthood?

Question 27

Research shows that __________ intelligence typically declines in later life.​

A) fluid​
B) ​crystallized
C) multiple​
D) ​sensory

Question 28

__________ is the measure of the number of years a person will probably live.​

A) ​Average life expectancy
B) ​Lifespan
C) ​Age
D) ​Centenarian

Question 29

__________ refers to individuals who are at least 100 years of age.​

A) ​Seasoned adults
B) ​Elderly folks
C) ​Centenarians
D) ​Baby Boomers

Question 30

What common changes in speech or language occur during later adulthood?

Question 31

Average life expectancy has increased because of​

A) ​improvements in sanitation laws.
B) ​vaccinations.
C) ​better prenatal and infant care.
D) ​All of the above

Question 32

__________ refers to the systematic and often stereotypical discrimination experienced by older people.​

A) ​Geriatricism
B) ​Racism
C) ​Ageism
D) ​Infantilization

Question 33

What domains of memory are least affected in later adulthood?

Question 34

What types of changes in crystallized and fluid abilities may occur during later adulthood?

Question 35

Diseases can be​

A) ​progressive over time.
B) ​beneficial to an organism.
C) ​universal.
D) ​None of the above