Deck 13: Leadership Ethics

Question 1

When studying ethics and leadership, ethical theories fall into which two broad domains?

A) Conduct and behavior
B) Behavior and traits
C) Character and conduct
D) Character and traits

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What did the group of leadership scholars from the W. K. Kellogg Foundation examine?

A) How leadership theory and practice could be used to build a more just society
B) How leadership ethical theory correlates with virtuousness
C) How moral dilemmas are different from ethical temptations
D) How ethical dilemmas are different from moral temptations

Answer 2

A

Question 3

I adhere to the laws and rules of the organizational community at work. I make decisions based on my concern for the society and our organization as a whole. I am at what stage of moral development?

A) Stage 1
B) Stage 2
C) Stage 3
D) Stage 4

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which conduct domain ethical theory is related to transactional leadership theories?

A) Virtue-based
B) Utilitarianism
C) Altruism
D) Ethical egoism

Question 5

Kohlberg's Model of Moral Development has been criticized for

A) Focusing exclusively on individualistic viewpoints of moral development
B) Focusing on moral development, which is not ethical development
C) The non-inclusive subject sample used in developing the model
D) The authoritative nature of the stages

Question 6

My health care insurance company puts small co-payment fees on drugs that many people use and much higher fees for experimental drugs that only rarely are needed by individuals on our health care insurance plan. My company is applying which ethical theory?

A) Ethical egoism
B) Deontological theory
C) Virtue-based theory
D) Utilitarianism

Question 7

Which level of Kohlberg's Model of Moral Development demonstrates reasoning based on conscience and creating a just society.

A) Level 1
B) Level 2
C) Level 3
D) Level 4

Question 8

Group norms affect my moral decisions because I want to be seen as "good." I am at what stage of moral development?

A) Social contract and individual rights stage
B) Stage 1
C) Interpersonal accord and conformity stage
D) Stage 3

Question 9

I base my corporate decisions on what creates the greatest good for the greatest number of people. I am applying which ethical theory?

A) Utilitarianism
B) Duty-based theory
C) Virtue-based theory
D) Ethical egoism

Question 10

The ethical issues presented in the leadership ethics Chapter

A) Provide a model of ethical leadership theory
B) Provide a guide to ethical issues in leadership situations
C) Constitute a leadership ethics theory
D) Are clear prescriptions for leading ethically

Question 11

The set of rules or principles that guides us in making decisions about right or wrong is called

A) Moral theory
B) Ethical dilemmas
C) Ethical decision-making process
D) Ethical theory

Question 12

Which scholar described how people think about moral issues in terms of stages of development?

A)Heifetz
B) Kohlberg
C) Plato
D)Crain

Question 13

Character is described as an ethical theory domain that

A) Includes ethical egoism
B) Is focused on virtue
C) Emphasizes what people do
D) Is a teleological theory

Question 14

When I approach decisions and take action based on what is in the best interest of others, I am applying which ethical theory?

A) Utilitarianism
B) Altruism
C) Virtue-based theory
D) Ethical egoism

Question 15

I make a moral decision based on whether or not I will be punished. I am at what stage of moral development?

A) Stage 1
B) Stage 2
C) Stage 3
D) Stage 4

Question 16

In which level of moral development is an individual who judges morality actions by their direct consequences?

A) Pre-conventional morality
B) Conventional morality
C) Post-conventional morality
D) Universal morality

Question 17

I make moral decisions based on my views of what a good society should be like. This good society means I support the values of society like fair procedures for changing laws while recognizing that groups differ and we should agree on these laws. Which stages are in the post-conventional level?

A) Maintaining the social order
B) Interpersonal accord and conformity
C) Social contract and individual rights
D) Individualism and exchange

Question 18

I want to do what is best for myself, and I am willing to bargain with others for favors that I offer to provide in return in the future. I am at what stage of moral development?

A) Obedience and punishment stage
B) Conventional morality stage
C) Interpersonal accord and conformity stage
D) Individualism and exchange stage

Question 19

The study of theoretical formulations of leadership ethics

A) Has existed for centuries
B) Is described by Kohlberg
C) Is a new topic of scholarly research
D) Was started by Greek philosophers

Question 20

How many stages are there in the conventional morality level of Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 6

Question 21

Ethics is central to leadership because of

A) The goals dimension of leadership in which the leader decides group goals
B) The nature of leadership being leader centered
C) The egoism necessary in leaders to make moral decisions
D) The influence dimension of leadership which has an impact on the lives of followers

Question 22

The "dark side" of leadership presented in the ethics Chapter of the text is closely related to which component of transformational leadership?

A) Transactional
B) Individualized consideration
C) Pseudotransformational
D) Management by exception-passive

Question 23

As a leader, I listen closely to my followers' beliefs, values, and attitudes and allow them to use their creativity as I nurture their work. I am using which ethical leadership principle?

A) Respects others
B) Builds community
C) Shows justice
D) Manifests honesty

Question 24

I am smart to use my natural appeal on my followers so that I advance my personal agenda. I would be considered

A) A collaborative leader
B) An ethical altruistic leader
C) A destructive leader
D) A utilitarian leader

Question 25

Which group of ethical theories focuses on who the leaders are as people?

A) Deontological
B) Teleological
C) Altruism
D) Virtue-based

Question 26

In which ethical leadership principle does the leader place issues of fairness at the center of their decision making?

A) Manifests honesty
B) Builds community
C) Shows justice
D) Respects others

Question 27

The Heifetz perspective of ethical leadership suggests that it is up to the leader to provide a trusting, empathic "holding environment" for followers to feel safe while confronting difficult problems. This concept is also part of which leadership theory?

A) Leader-member exchange
B) Path-goal
C) Adaptive
D) Servant

Question 28

My followers are foremost in the plans I make for our team. I am often seen mentoring my followers and using citizenship behaviors that benefit all of my followers. I am using which ethical leadership principle?

A) Respects others
B) Serve others
C) Shows justice
D) Builds community

Question 29

Which of the following is not a principle of ethical leadership?

A) Service
B) Sociability
C) Justice
D) Community

Question 30

Which ethical leadership principle is described as being the leaders' duty to treat others as ends in themselves and never as means to an end?

A) Serves others
B) Builds community
C) Shows justice
D) Respects others

Question 31

Which ethical leadership principle is about telling the truth and being open with others to represent reality as fully and completely as possible?

A) Serves others
B) Manifests honesty
C) Shows justice
D) Respects others

Question 32

Destructive leadership thrives in environments that are

A) Stable
B) Ethical
C) Utilitarian
D) Collectivist

Question 33

I consistently tell the truth and am fair with my employees. Furthermore, I feel a strong moral obligation to make decisions that do not infringe on the rights of my staff. I am applying the concepts of which ethical theory?

A) Deontological
B) Teleological
C) Altruism
D) Virtue-based

Question 34

Burn's perspective on ethical leadership stems from his work in which other theory?

A) Leader-member exchange
B) Transformational
C) Adaptive
D) Servant

Question 35

The toxic triangle by Padilla et al. describes the interrelationships between

A) Destructive leaders, susceptible followers, and conducive environments
B) Destructive leaders, conforming followers, and stable environments
C) Conforming leaders, destructive followers, and unstable environments
D) Colluding followers, destructive leaders, and stable environments

Question 36

The teleological ethical theories are grouped together because "what is right?" is answered by looking at

A) Character
B) Rules
C) Duty
D) Outcomes

Question 37

Schyns and Schilling found destructive leadership is strongly correlated to

A) Followers behaviors becoming toxic
B) Collaborative teams being unproductive
C) Other leaders in the organization developing toxic behaviors
D) Negative follower attitudes toward their jobs and organizations

Question 38

Which ethical leadership principle is a clear example of altruism?

A) Serves others
B) Builds community
C) Shows justice
D) Respects others

Question 39

Heifetz's perspective on ethical leadership is

A) Values-based
B) Duty-based
C) Charisma-based
D) Philosophy-based

Question 40

Having a common goal that both the leader and followers agree on is central to which ethical leadership principle?

A) Serves others
B) Builds community
C) Shows justice
D) Respects others

Question 41

Virtue-based theories

A) Focus on the actions of the leader.
B) Are about the leader's character.
C) Are duty driven.
D) Focus on consequences of the leader's actions.

Question 42

Ethical theories fall within two broad domains:

A) Consequences and duty
B) Ethical and unethical
C) Conduct and character
D) Duty based and virtue based

Question 43

A leader's respect for others is not shown by

A) Listening closely to subordinates. B Being empathic.
C) Being tolerant of opposing points of view.
D) Being apathetic.

Question 44

One of my employees works harder and logs more overtime and consistently works weekends when needed compared with any of the other staff in our department. If I choose to promote her instead of her coworkers based on her hard work, I am using which principle of distributive justice?

A) According to individual need
B) According to societal contribution
C) According to personal rights
D) According to individual effort

Question 45

Burns contends all of the following except

A) Leadership has a moral dimension.
B) Leaders should put their values ahead of their followers to reach goals.
C) Leaders should move followers to a higher level of morality.
D) Leaders should be involved in followers' personal struggles with conflicting issues.

Question 46

People want to view their leaders as ethical, fair, and just, especially with the public failing of high-level leaders in the past decade. This is

A) A criticism of ethical leadership
B) A strength of ethical leadership
C) A failure of ethical leadership
D) An unreasonable public view

Question 47

The Greek term meaning "excellence" that is associated with ethics theories is

A) Mechane.
B) Apathea.
C) Pathos.
D) Aretaic.

Question 48

Ethics

A) Focuses on the virtuousness of individuals and their motives.
B) Is a derivative of the Greek word pathos.
C) Is primarily concerned with an organization's goals.
D) Is a derivative of the Greek word logos.

Question 49

Utilitarianism is concerned with

A) Showing concern for the best interests of others.
B) Creating the greatest good for the greatest number.
C) Creating the greatest good for the leader.
D) Showing concern for the leader only.

Question 50

Teleological theories include all of the following except

A) Ethical egoism
B) Utilitarianism
C) Altruism
D) Ethical egalitarianism

Question 51

Which ethical leadership principle resembles the main focus of the servant leadership approach?

A) Respects others
B) Builds community
C) Serves others
D) Manifests honesty

Question 52

Ethic theories that are driven from the viewpoint of the leader's character are called

A) Teleological theories
B) Virtue-based theories
C) Deontological theories
D)Utilitarianism theories

Question 53

Greenleaf 's theory of servant leadership

A) Says leaders should be concerned with society's "have-nots."
B) Was based on studies of university professors and students.
C) Requires a strict delineation of servant-leader roles.
D) Was influenced by the writings of Ronald Heifetz.

Question 54

The five principles of ethical leadership include all of the following except

A) Respects others.
B) Manifests honesty.
C) Acts courageously.
D) Shows justice.

Question 55

Altruistic service cannot be observed in

A) Mentoring.
B) Conceit.
C) Empowering.
D) Team building.

Question 56

Which of the following is not a reason why ethics is central to leadership?

A) The process of influence.
B) The impact leaders have on establishing the organization's values.
C) The need to engage followers to accomplish mutual goals.
D) The existence of bottom-up communication.

Question 57

Giving an employee a merit-based pay raise is an example of

A) Respect.
B) Service.
C) Distributive justice.
D) Altruism.

Question 58

Which of the following is a criticism of ethical leadership?

A) It contains research on a topic that is timely in the public's eye
B) It is unreasonable to expect high levels of ethics in our leaders
C) There is substantial recent research on ethics and leadership
D) The ethics and leadership writings come from only a few scholars

Question 59

Ethical leadership involves influence that is central to the leadership process. This means

A) The ethics of the leader are the ethics of followers
B) The process of leadership happens in a one-way environment
C) Ethical organizations can maintain good outcomes with a few unethical leaders
D) Leaders have enormous ethical responsibility for how they affect others

Question 60

All of the following are ways ethical leaders build community except by

A) Searching for goals that are compatible with everyone.
B) Being attentive to cultural values.
C) Keeping social collectives exclusive.
D) Establishing higher and broader moral purposes.

Question 61

Which of the following are conduct domain theories?

A) Utilitarianism
B) Duty-based
C) Virtue-based
D) Altruism

Question 62

In the toxic triangle, the followers are

A) Conformers
B) Colluders
C) Constructivists
D) Conscientious

Question 63

The ethics theory that is high in self-interest and low in concern for others is

A) Utilitarianism.
B) Apathea.
C) Ethical egoism.
D) Altruism.

Question 64

In the deontological ethical theories, determining if any given action is ethical is based on

A) The consequences of the action
B) The value of the leader's character
C) Whether the action itself is good
D) The effort put into determining appropriate action

Question 65

His ethical perspective speaks directly to values of workers and values of organizations.

A) Burns
B) Heifetz
C) Greenleaf
D) Mathews

Question 66

Which of the following are ethical and moral virtues that leaders and managers should develop according to Velasquez?

A) Integrity
B) Humility
C) Egoism
D) Social judgment

Question 67

A leader that takes a political stand on an issue for no other reason than to get re-elected is using which ethical theory?

A) Ethical egoism
B) Utilitarianism
C) Altruism
D) Collectivism

Question 68

The five principles of ethical leadership can be traced back to

A) King George III
B) Aristotle
C) Magella.
D) Christopher Columbus

Question 69

Which of the following is not listed as a principle of distributive justice?

A) According to merit or performance
B) According to individual effort
C) An equal share or opportunity
D) According to personal commitment

Question 70

Virtue-based ethical theories

A) Focus on the actions of leaders
B) Are about the leader's character
C) Are duty driven
D) Focus on the consequences of leader actions

Question 71

This scholar holds that it is the leader's role to raise followers to a higher level of morality.

A) Burns
B) Heifetz
C) Greenleaf
D) Mathews

Question 72

At the post-conventional morality level, individuals have developed their own sets of personal ethics and morals that guide their behavior. Which stages are in the post-conventional level?

A) Maintaining the social order
B) Interpersonal accord and conformity
C) Social contract and individual rights
D) Universal principles

Question 73

Weighing the consequences of leaders' actions is the focus of which ethical theories?

A) Altruism
B) Deontological
C) Ethical egoism
D) Virtue-based

Question 74

Which of the following are strengths of leadership ethics?

A) It is timely, providing research when we need it most
B) Ethical research is not part of leadership research
C) Ethics is central to the leadership process
D) It does not have strong research support

Question 75

His perspective has strong altruistic ethical overtones and was discussed in the servant leadership Chapter.

A) Heifetz
B) Burns
C) Greenleaf
D) Mathews

Question 76

Ethical leadership

A) Is a topic of many training and development programs
B) Can be applied at all levels of organizations
C) Is leadership that involves values
D) Provides prescriptions for how to develop ethical leadership

Question 77

The ethics theory that is low in self-interest and high in concern for others is

A) Utilitarianism.
B) Altruism.
C) Apathea.
D) Ethical egoism.

Question 78

Toxic leaders use destructive behaviors that use leadership for one's personal gain. These behaviors include

A) Leaving followers worse off than they found them
B) Struggling to solve conflicting values
C) Attempting to bribe followers
D) Violating the basic human rights of others

Question 79

Ethics is concerned with

A) Character flaws in individuals
B) Characteristics of society that are flawed
C) Values and morals that individuals find desirable
D) Values and morals that society finds desirable

Question 80

Andy owns Islander Surfboard Inc. In the past, Andy has always given his employees bonuses during the holidays if they reached certain sales goals. This year, even though the company is thriving, he decided to cut bonuses from employees and award them to himself instead. What ethical theory of leadership is Andy following?

A) Altruism
B) Ethical egoism
C) Utilitarianism
D) None. This is an unethical decision.