Deck 6: Six Sigma Green Belt

Question 1

After reviewing the Capability Analysis shown here select the statement(s) that are untrue.

A) The process is properly assumed to be a Normal process
B) The Mean of the process moving range is 1.78
C) The process is out of Control
D) This Capability Analysis used subgroups
E) Majority of the dimensional values are outside of the tolerance than within

Answer 1

A

Question 2

To draw inferences about a sample population being studied by modeling patterns of data in a way that accounts for randomness and uncertainty in the observations is known as ____________________.

A) Influential Analysis
B) Inferential Statistics
C) Physical Modeling
D) Sequential Inference

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The actual experimental response data varied somewhat from what a Belt had predicted them to be. This is the result of which of these?

A) Inefficiency of estimates
B) Residuals
C) Confounded data
D) Gap Analysis

Answer 3

B

Question 4

__________ Distributions occur when data comes from several sources that are supposed to be the same yet are not.

A) Skewed
B) Bimodal
C) Gaussian
D) Tri-peaked

Question 5

Select all the statements that are true after reviewing the Capability Analysis shown here. (Note: There are 4 correct answers).

A) The process is out of Control.
B) The process is properly assumed to be a Normal process.
C) The Mean of the process moving range is 1.78.
D) This Capability Analysis used subgroups.
E) Majority of the dimensional values are outside of the tolerance than within.

Question 6

Hypothesis Testing can save time and help avoid high costs of experimental efforts by using existing data.

Question 7

The generation of a Regression Equation is justified when we _____________.  (Note: There are 4 correct answers).

A) Expect the relationship to be Linear between the output and inputs
B) Know that there is a non-linear relationship between output and input(s)
C) Need to understand how to control a process output by controlling the input(s)
D) Experience several process defects and have no other way to fix hem
E) When it is very expensive or too late to measure the output

Question 8

The Central Limit Theorem helps us understand the ___________ we are taking and is the basis for using sampling to estimate population parameters.

A) Analysis
B) Kurtosis
C) Risk
D) Route

Question 9

A 1-Sample t-test is used when you want to compare the Median of one distribution to a target value.

Question 10

It is a Type II error if we decide to reject the Null Hypothesis when it is actually true.  

Question 11

When a Belt is analyzing sample data she should keep in mind that 95% of Normally Distributed data is within +/- 2 Standard Deviations from the Mean.  

Question 12

Hypothesis Tests determine the probabilities of differences between observed data and the hypothesis being solely due to _________ based on the result of the P-values.

A) Human error
B) Measurement error
C) Shift differences
D) Chance

Question 13

The Alpha level of a test (level of significance) represents the yardstick against which P-values are measured and the Null Hypothesis is rejected if the P-value is which of these?  

A) Less than the Alpha level.
B) Greater than the Alpha level.
C) Greater than the Beta and Alpha level.
D) Less than one minus Alpha.
E) Less than the power of one minus Beta.

Question 14

For a Normal Distribution the Mean, Median and Mode are the same data point.  

Question 15

A Belt experienced an Alpha of .05 and a Beta of .10 and knew these are the most common risk levels when running a Statistical test.  

Question 16

Inferential Statistics is largely about Significance. There are both Practical and _______________ Significance to consider during an analysis of data in a Lean Six Sigma project.

A) Problematic
B) Impractical
C) Usable
D) Statistical

Question 17

A primary benefit of using a Multi-Vari Chart is it provides a visual presentation of two-way interactions.

Question 18

When two Inputs have an impact on the Output together yet seem to have no or little impact on their own this is called a/an ________________.

A) Interaction
B) Oddity
C) Coincidence
D) Impossibility

Question 19

A Six Sigma tool that helps to screen factors by using graphical techniques to logically subgroup multiple discrete X's plotted against a continuous Y is known as a _____________Chart.

A) SIPOC
B) Multi-Vari
C) Box Plot
D) Whisker

Question 20

Bias in Sampling is an error due to lack of independence among random samples or due to systematic sampling procedures.

Question 21

The 5 Why Analysis is only useful if the possible independent variable can be broken down into five possible causes.

Question 22

The Standard Deviation for the distribution of Means is called the ___________ and approaches zero as the sample size reaches 30.

A) Standard Error
B) Mean Deviation
C) Mean Spread
D) Mean Error

Question 23

Lean had its origins in the development and practice of the ___________ Production System.

A) Honda
B) Toyota
C) Ford
D) Motorola

Question 24

Skewed, or Mixed, Distributions occur when data comes from several sources that are supposed to be the same yet are not.

Question 25

Lean removes many forms of ______________ so Six Sigma can focus on reducing _______________.

A) Waste, variability
B) Inventory, defects
C) Waste, cost
D) Movement, variation

Question 26

Lean focuses on the sequence of activities and work required to produce a product or a service. This flow is called a ___________________.

A) Value-add Flow
B) Production Map
C) Value Stream
D) Operating Procedure

Question 27

Which of the following is used to test the significance for the analysis of a Variance Table?

A) t Test
B) F Test
C) Chi Square Test
D) Acid Test

Question 28

For the data shown here a Belt suspects the three grades are supplying the same results.  Which statement(s) are true for proper Hypothesis Testing?  

A) The most appropriate Central Tendency to test is the Means
B) An appropriate test to test Central Tendency is the Levene's test
C) An appropriate test to test Central Tendency is the ANOVA test
D) An appropriate test to test Central Tendency is the Mood's Median test

Question 29

Which element of waste best describes "the cost of an idle resource"?

A) Waiting
B) Motion
C) Inventory
D) Correction

Question 30

Due to excessive pollution, GREEN Solutions Inc. is considering subsidizing public transportation to work for its employees.  According to the manager it takes an average weekday commute of 39 minutes with a Standard Deviation of 7 minutes for the employees to get to work while they use their personal vehicles for their office commute while the management set a policy of not more than 40 minutes for their daily one-way commute.  A survey conducted one day on 70 employees showed an average of 34 minutes commuting time using the metro public transportation system with a Standard Deviation of 21 minutes. Assuming a Normal Distribution for the commute times by either personal or public transportation, which of these is true?

A) The probability that they would arrive on time using personal vehicles is much higher than using the metro public transportation system (MPTS)
B) The probability that they would arrive on time using the MPTS is much higher than using their personal vehicles
C) The two probabilities are about the same excepting in one case the consistency is higher than the other
D) We need to compile more data around weekends to incorporate for traffic differences
E) When Standard Deviation is higher the probability goes down and so the MPTS is worse

Question 31

Non-parametric testing is done when which of these are applicable? (Note: There are 3 correct answers).

A) When the traditional t tests don't produce the results we need
B) A Hypothesis Test for the Median of the population is in question
C) It does not require data to come from Normally Distributed populations
D) They look at the Median rather than the Mean of populations
E) When there are no parameters to measure in the process

Question 32

The Mann-Whitney Test is used to test if the Means for two samples are different.  

Question 33

When constructing a Fishbone Diagram using the ________ approach is the most classic arrangement.

A) 6M
B) 4M
C) 5M
D) Alphabetical

Question 34

Lean Enterprise is based on the premise that anywhere work is being done which of these is also occurring?  

A) Money is being spent
B) Waste is being generated
C) People are producing value added product
D) Waste is being eliminated

Question 35

Contingency Tables are used to perform which of these functions?  

A) Illustrate one-tail proportions
B) Analyze the "what if" scenario
C) Contrast the Outliers under the tail
D) Compare more than two sample proportions with each other

Question 36

The proper functioning of a Visual Factory is dependent upon which of these?    

A) Technically skilled workers
B) Work space with active 5S
C) Availability of visual tools
D) Breakthrough projects

Question 37

The essence of Lean is to concentrate effort on removing waste while improving process flow to achieve speed and agility at lower cost.

Question 38

Which element of waste best describes "the unnecessary movement of materials and/or goods"?

A) Overprocessing
B) Motion
C) Conveyance
D) Correction

Question 39

According to a manager it takes an average weekday commute of 39 minutes with a Standard Deviation of 7 minutes for the employees to get to work while they use their personal vehicles for their office commute while the management set a policy of not more than 40 minutes for their daily one-way commute.  A survey conducted one day on 70 employees showed an average of 34 minutes commuting time using the metro public transportation system with a Standard Deviation of 21 minutes. If the Standard Deviation is uncontrollable then the other option to increase the probability of coming in on time via personal vehicles to work could be ____________?  

A) Increase the average time of commute
B) Maintain the average time of commute and change route to work
C) Reduce average commute time to work by departing earlier
D) Change policy at work and request for flexible times based on location

Question 40

According to a manager it takes an average weekday commute of 39 minutes with a Standard Deviation of 7 minutes for the employees to get to work when they use their personal vehicles for their office commute while management set a policy of not more than 40 minutes for their daily one-way commute.  A survey conducted one day on 70 employees showed an average of 34 minutes commuting time using the metro public transportation system with a Standard Deviation of 21 minutes. For the employees choosing to increase their chances to come on time using personal transportation their variation should be reduced to ___________?

A) 1 minute
B) 6 minutes
C) 3.5 minutes
D) Eliminate it to 0.0 minutes

Question 41

When utilizing Statistics the population is defined as a collection of all the individual data points of interest.  

Question 42

The ability to repeat the same measurement obtained with one measurement instrument used several times by one appraiser while measuring the identical characteristic on the same part is known as ____________.  

A) Repeatability
B) Bias
C) Linearity
D) Reproducibility

Question 43

The Z score is a measure of the distance in Standard Deviations of a sample data point from the Median of the sample population.

Question 44

Nominal Scale data consists of names, labels or categories and cannot be arranged in any mathematical ordering scheme. Complex arithmetic functions cannot be easily applied to Nominal Data:

Question 45

If a Histogram displays two peaks the distribution would likely be _____________.

A) Transformed
B) Multi-skewed
C) Bimodal
D) Bi-attribute

Question 46

The X-Y Diagram is a tool used to identify/collate potential X's and assess their relative impact on multiple Y's.

Question 47

The difference between the largest observation and the smallest observation in the data set is known as the _______________.

A) Breadth
B) Range
C) Spread
D) Median

Question 48

As a type of measurement error, Linearity describes a change in accuracy through the expected operating range of the measurement instrument.

Question 49

Which of these is Discrete data?

A) Train arrived at 4:17 pm.
B) Race car consumed 23 gallons of fuel.
C) Of the 42 people on the bus, 12 went into the station.
D) It took 3 hours and 32 minutes to complete the marathon.

Question 50

The term FMEA is an abbreviation for Failures Measure Effective Automation.  

Question 51

Measurement System Analysis is a procedure used to quantify variation of the method or system used for taking measurements.  

Question 52

The Empirical Rule is important because it provides an estimate of the probability of an event occurring depending on the Standard Deviation from the Mean.  

Question 53

A Belt gathered the following defect data for a shoe production line and wanted to assemble it into a Pareto Chart. The correct order from left to right in the chart would be: Data:     Cutting      38     Forming     17     Stitching    56     Sealing      42

A) Forming, Sealing, Cutting, Stitching
B) Sealing, Stitching, Forming, Cutting
C) Stitching, Sealing, Cutting, Forming
D) Forming, Cutting, Sealing, Stitching

Question 54

Long-term Data represents all the variation that one can expect within the subject process.

Question 55

Measurement error is defined as the effect of all sources of measurement variability that caused an observed or measured value to deviate from the __________.

A) Standard Deviation
B) Mean
C) Median
D) True value

Question 56

The very best way to begin an effort to map a process is to do which of these?

A) Interview the process owner
B) Interview the manager of the department
C) Walk the actual process from beginning to end
D) Take pictures of the factory floor at each shift

Question 57

The purpose of a Process Map is to identify the complexity of the process and to assist in identifying critical steps in the process.

Question 58

The Accuracy of a Measurement System addresses _________________.  

A) Stability, Bias & Linearity
B) Repeatability & Reproducibility
C) Stability & Sensitivity
D) Precision & Sensitivity

Question 59

The deviation of the measured value from the actual value is known as _____________.  

A) Bias
B) Linearity
C) Repeatability
D) Movement

Question 60

When looking at a distribution graph, the Mean is defined as the __________.

A) Average based on the sample size
B) Aggression measured
C) Total sample size
D) Measurement based off a quarter of the sample size  

Question 61

Measurement System Analysis is a procedure used to quantify all ____________ in the method or system used for taking measurements.

A) Totals
B) People involved
C) Variation
D) Summations

Question 62

A Lean Principle that addresses efficiency by the process worker is called ____________________?  

A) Visual Factory
B) Supervising
C) Training
D) Standardizing

Question 63

While management of a company must set the stage for all improvement efforts, which of these 5S's is primarily driven by management?

A) Straighten
B) Sort
C) Shine
D) Sustain

Question 64

As part of a Visual Factory plan Kanban cards are created and utilized to identify areas in need of cleaning and organization.

Question 65

With the use of Statistics we define the population to be a large enough sample set of data such that you can analyze it and draw conclusions as to all of the data.

Question 66

The use of Kanbans work best with pull systems for determining the timing of which products or services are produced.

Question 67

Some of the approaches used in Lean include station warning lights, tool boards and jidohka devices in order that which of these apply?

A) Workers do not utilize individual methods of cleaning
B) Problems are made highly visible
C) Work stoppages are documented properly
D) Lessen the amount of employee pilferage

Question 68

Examples of Mistake Proofing for a laptop computer include which of these? (Note: There are 2 correct answers).

A) USB connection for a mouse
B) Open/Close button for CD Drive
C) Battery alignment pins
D) On/Off switch for computer

Question 69

A Stable process is a process whose output is consistent over time. A primary tool used to analyze Stability would be a ________________.

A) Data Forward Plot
B) Bag Plot
C) Min/Max Plot
D) Time Series Plot

Question 70

The reason(s) for not marking the customer Specification Limits (SL) on a Control Chart is which of these? (Note: There are 4 correct answers).  

A) Process control teams should not control a process based on SLs
B) Displaying the SLs on a Control Chart sends a wrong signal toward process control
C) Marking the SLs on a Control Chart is against the principle of charting
D) By marking the SLs, one can confuse the operator as to what limits are critical
E) By using mere Control Limits the process only needs to be in Statistical Control

Question 71

If the data displayed in a Histogram displays two peaks the distribution would likely be _____________.

A) Transformed
B) Multi-skewed
C) Bi-attribute
D) Bimodal

Question 72

Which of these are correct if Cpk Upper is 2.0 and Cpk Lower is 1.0?

A) The process is not stable.
B) The process is shifted to the left.
C) Cpk must be reported as 1.0.
D) The process Mean is 1.5.

Question 73

The ____________ is important because it provides an estimate of the probability of an event occurring depending on the Standard Deviation from the Mean.

A) Shewhart Principle
B) Pareto Rule
C) Mean/Mode Spread
D) Empirical Rule

Question 74

Process Capability is a function of which of these?

A) Customer requirements
B) Process performance
C) Output over time
D) All of these answers are correct

Question 75

Examples of a Visual Factory include which of these? (Note: There are 2 correct answers).

A) White outlines on floor for proper inventory placement
B) Documented procedures with a numerical outline
C) Bad/Good indications of gauge readings with red and green outlines
D) Implementing a defect inspection device

Question 76

The practice of utilizing Poka-Yoke is also known as ________________.  

A) Thorough integration
B) Mistake proofing
C) On site inspection
D) Lean controls

Question 77

The deviation of the measured value from the actual value regardless of the operator is known as ______________.  

A) Linearity
B) Bias
C) Repeatability
D) Movement

Question 78

This output is what type of advanced Capability Analysis?  

A) Continuous
B) Binomial
C) Poisson
D) Discreet
E) DPU

Question 79

Conducting a viable Capability Analysis using Attribute Data one must obtain a fairly large sample set to be statistically sound.  

Question 80

Standardized work instructions apply to which resource in the process of interest?  

A) People
B) Machines
C) Supervision
D) Engineering