Deck 7: Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Question 1

Which of the following is a consequence of a congenital absence of eccrine glands?

A) Jaundice
B) Vitiligo
C) Acne vulgaris
D) Inability to regulate body temperature

Answer 1

Inability to regulate body temperature

Question 2

Which type of gland secretes vernix caseosa in the fetus?

A) Sudoriferous
B) Apocrine
C) Eccrine
D) Sebaceous

Answer 2

Sebaceous

Question 3

The stratum germinativum and the stratum corneum are layers of the

A) epidermis.
B) hypodermis.
C) subcutaneous tissue.
D) dermis.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Freckles and moles are caused by an accumulation of

A) bilirubin.
B) vernix caseosa.
C) melanin.
D) keratin.

Question 5

Which of the following lies on the subcutaneous layer?

A) Stratum corneum
B) Epidermis
C) Dermis
D) Stratum germinativum

Question 6

Ceruminous glands secrete

A) vernix caseosa.
B) sweat.
C) wax in the outer ear.
D) melanin.

Question 7

Both the mammary glands and ceruminous glands

A) are sebaceous glands.
B) are modified sweat glands.
C) are concerned with temperature regulation.
D) secrete earwax.

Question 8

Which gland is most likely to develop a blackhead or pimple?

A) Sebaceous
B) Apocrine
C) Eccrine
D) Sudoriferous

Question 9

Who or what is covered with vernix caseosa?

A) A pregnant woman
B) A toddler
C) A fetus
D) The pregnant uterus

Question 10

If the blood vessels of the skin dilate,the person appears

A) jaundiced.
B) flushed.
C) cyanotic.
D) pale and washed out.

Question 11

The color of skin that is supplied by oxygen-poor blood is described as

A) flushed.
B) jaundiced.
C) cyanotic.
D) pink.

Question 12

A person sweats and becomes flushed while exercising to

A) decrease heat production.
B) keep the heat in the core or center of the body.
C) lose heat.
D) prevent hypothermia.

Question 13

Which of the following is associated with the conservation of heat?

A) The person appears flushed.
B) The person sweats.
C) Melanin is secreted.
D) Blood vessels constrict.

Question 14

Hives are called

A) impetigo.
B) urticaria.
C) psoriasis.
D) vitiligo.

Question 15

Which of the following substances makes the skin water resistant?

A) Melanin
B) Iron pigments
C) Keratin
D) Carotene

Question 16

What is the result of the contraction of the arrector pili muscles?

A) Nail growth
B) Goosebumps
C) Sweating
D) Tanning

Question 17

Which word is most descriptive of sudoriferous?

A) Yellow
B) Sweat
C) Hot
D) Tan

Question 18

Which glands are most responsible for body odor?

A) Apocrine
B) Arrector pili
C) Eccrine
D) Sebaceous

Question 19

Radiation,conduction,convection,and evaporation are terms that are concerned with

A) heat loss.
B) skin color.
C) sweat glands.
D) exocrine secretions.

Question 20

Which of the following is associated with tanning?

A) Sudoriferous glands
B) Apocrine glands
C) Arrector pili muscles
D) Melanocytes

Question 21

Sweat glands usually associated with hair follicles and found in the axillary and genital areas are called

A) ceruminous glands.
B) eccrine glands.
C) sebaceous glands.
D) apocrine glands.

Question 22

What is the structure in this description: The cells are continuously dividing,pushing older cells toward the surface of the cutaneous membrane?

A) Sudoriferous glandular epithelium
B) Dermis
C) Arrector pili
D) Stratum germinativum

Question 23

The hypodermis

A) contains the stratum germinativum and stratum corneum.
B) gives rise to the hair follicle.
C) is also called the subcutaneous layer.
D) is the cutaneous membrane.

Question 24

The layer that insulates the body from extreme temperature changes in the external environment is the

A) epidermis.
B) subcutaneous layer.
C) stratum germinativum.
D) dermis.

Question 25

Which of the following has the poorest prognosis?

A) Freckles
B) Vitiligo
C) Melanoma
D) Albinism

Question 26

The subcutaneous layer

A) is composed of the stratum germinativum and stratum corneum.
B) contains adipose tissue.
C) cushions, binds, and insulates.
D) Two of the above are true.

Question 27

The stratum corneum is

A) the outermost layer of the epidermis.
B) an epidermal layer.
C) nourished by blood vessels within the dermis.
D) all of the above.

Question 28

The stratum germinativum is

A) dead.
B) mitotically active.
C) found in the derma layer.
D) located in the subcutaneous layer.

Question 29

What is the name of the thickening of the epidermis that develops in response to constant pressure or irritation?

A) Nevus
B) Vitiligo
C) Callus
D) Blister

Question 30

Which of the following is descriptive of the epidermal layer?

A) It is nourished by blood vessels in the dermal layer.
B) It sits on the subcutaneous layer.
C) It sits inferior to the stratum germinativum.
D) It contains the cutaneous blood vessels, free nerve endings, tactile receptors, and arrector pili muscles.

Question 31

The sebaceous,apocrine,and eccrine glands are _____ glands.

A) sweat
B) endocrine
C) sebum-secreting
D) exocrine

Question 32

This substance is produced by the skin and is necessary for the absorption of calcium from the digestive tract.

A) Keratin
B) Vitamin D
C) Carotene
D) Collagen

Question 33

The name of the yellow pigment found in skin is

A) keratin.
B) collagen.
C) carotene.
D) vitamin D.

Question 34

Anticancer drugs often cause hair loss,a condition called

A) alopecia.
B) hirsutism.
C) vitiligo.
D) keratinization.

Question 35

Which of the following occurs as a result of the secretion of fetal sebaceous glands?

A) Amniotic fluid surrounds the fetus.
B) The fetus is covered by vernix caseosa.
C) The fetus raises its body temperature.
D) Melanin is released and the fetus attains its natural skin color.

Question 36

Which of the following structures is avascular?

A) Epidermis
B) Subcutaneous layer
C) Dermis
D) Underlying muscle

Question 37

Nonshivering thermogenesis is accomplished by

A) involuntary contraction of skeletal muscles.
B) constriction of the dermal blood vessels.
C) metabolism associated with brown fat.
D) involuntary contraction of the arrector pili muscles.

Question 38

What is the effect of shivering?

A) Increases heat production
B) Increases heat loss
C) Causes the blood vessels of the skin to dilate
D) Decreases sweating

Question 39

Which of the following is least descriptive of the dermal layer?

A) It is nourished by blood vessels in the epidermal layer.
B) It sits on the subcutaneous layer.
C) It supports the epidermis.
D) It contains the cutaneous blood vessels, free nerve endings, tactile receptors, and arrector pili muscles.

Question 40

Which action is most likely to lower body temperature?

A) Shivering
B) Vasoconstriction
C) Cyanosis
D) Vasodilation

Question 41

The hypothalamus

A) is the body's thermostat.
B) can be affected by pyrogens.
C) is involved in thermoregulation.
D) All of the above are true.

Question 42

The hair follicle is

A) the part of the hair that is above the surface of the skin.
B) composed of epithelial cells.
C) composed of dead and keratinized cells.
D) that which we brush, blow dry, curl, and iron.

Question 43

Which of the following is a true statement about hirsutism?

A) It is also called alopecia.
B) It may occur in response to abnormal secretion of hormones such as steroids.
C) It is an abnormal color change of the skin.
D) It refers to an inability to regulate body temperature.

Question 44

Dander and dandruff are

A) composed of dead skin cells.
B) clumps of infected sebum.
C) called striae.
D) worn out tactile receptors.

Question 45

To lose heat,flushing is generally accompanied by

A) activation of the eccrine glands.
B) secretion of sebum.
C) contraction of the arrector pili muscles.
D) constriction of the cutaneous blood vessels.

Question 46

Eccrine glands

A) are sweat glands.
B) secrete sebum.
C) are active only after puberty.
D) arise within the hypodermis.

Question 47

Melanocytes

A) secrete a tanning pigment in response to exposure to sunlight.
B) secrete bilirubin and cause jaundice.
C) are located only in the external ear and secrete cerumen.
D) secrete carotene, giving the skin a yellow tint.

Question 48

Shivering

A) can restore temperature to normal but can never elevate temperature above 99° F.
B) involves the involuntary contraction of only the arrector pili muscles.
C) produces heat.
D) activates the sebaceous glands.

Question 49

With aging the hair becomes gray and then white as

A) melanocytes become less active.
B) eccrine glands become less functional.
C) keratin secretion slows.
D) the arrector pili muscles lose their tone.

Question 50

Which of the following is least true of the epidermis?

A) Is the thin outer layer of the skin
B) Sits on the subcutaneous layer
C) Is avascular
D) Contains the stratum germinativum and the stratum corneum

Question 51

Keratin is

A) found only in the hypodermis.
B) carried to the stratum corneum by the dermal blood vessels.
C) a protein that hardens and makes an epidermal cell water resistant.
D) pigment that makes the skin dark when exposed to the sun.

Question 52

Brown fat is found in the fetus and neonate and is concerned with

A) regulation of thirst.
B) urine production by the fetal kidney.
C) nonshivering thermogenesis.
D) regulation of fetal and neonatal blood glucose.

Question 53

Apocrine glands

A) become active at puberty.
B) are exocrine glands.
C) are found primarily in the axillary and genital areas.
D) All of the above are true.

Question 54

Which of the following is true of sebaceous glands?

A) They are exocrine glands.
B) They are primarily responsible for temperature regulation.
C) They secrete melanin in response to ultraviolet radiation.
D) They secrete vitamin D in response to ultraviolet radiation.

Question 55

Vernix caseosa is

A) secreted by eccrine glands.
B) a cream cheese-like substance covering the skin of the fetus.
C) found in a pimple.
D) primarily concerned with temperature regulation.

Question 56

Cyanosis

A) refers to a bluish coloring of the skin caused by hypoxemia.
B) refers to a yellow coloring of the skin caused by elevated blood levels of bilirubin.
C) is caused by abnormal and spotty deposition of melanin.
D) is a hardening of the skin due to keratin.

Question 57

Which of the following describes exfoliation and desquamation?

A) The sloughing off by the stratum corneum of dead cells
B) The elimination of heat as part of the thermoregulatory mechanism
C) The conservation of heat as part of the thermoregulatory mechanism
D) Tanning as a protective mechanism from ultraviolet radiation

Question 58

The normal body temperature

A) is 96.8 degrees.
B) is highest at 7 AM and gradually decreases over the 24 hours.
C) is maintained through thermoregulatory mechanisms.
D) is 40 degrees C.

Question 59

Rectal temperature is

A) a measure of shell temperature.
B) lower than oral and axillary temperatures.
C) higher in the early morning than in late afternoon.
D) a measurement of core temperature.

Question 60

Sudoriferous glands

A) are sweat glands.
B) participate in temperature regulation.
C) include the eccrine and apocrine glands.
D) All of the above are true.

Question 61

A person feels warmer on a humid day because

A) the decrease in evaporation of water from the skin surface decreases the loss of heat.
B) the body produces more heat on a humid day.
C) a person breathes slower on a humid day and exhales less heated air.
D) All of the above are true.

Question 62

Which of the following is least true of a fever?

A) Involves the upward resetting of the hypothalamus
B) Often responds to the antipyretic effect of aspirin
C) Is generally caused by an inability of the body to get rid of excess heat, as in heat stroke
D) Is "broken" in response to vasodilation and sweating

Question 63

The use of a cooling blanket lowers body temperature through

A) radiation.
B) convection.
C) conduction.
D) evaporation.

Question 64

Which of the following is least true of hyperthermia?

A) Body temperature is elevated.
B) The elevated temperature is due to the inability of the body to get rid of excess heat.
C) Hyperthermia is most often due to infection.
D) Hyperthermia does not respond to the antipyretic effect of aspirin.