Deck 23: Digestive System

Question 1

Which structure prevents gastric reflux?

A) Pyloric valve
B) Ileocecal valve
C) Lower esophageal sphincter
D) Anal sphincter

Answer 1

Lower esophageal sphincter

Question 2

Bile is not found in which structure?

A) Cystic duct
B) Liver
C) Pancreas
D) Duodenum

Answer 2

Pancreas

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the duodenum,jejunum,and ileum?

A) Colon
B) Biliary tree
C) Hepatic portal circulation
D) Small intestine

Answer 3

Small intestine

Question 4

Which of the following form(s)the large intestine?

A) Duodenum, ileum, and jejunum
B) Colon
C) Fundus, body, and pylorus
D) Sphincter of Oddi and ampulla of Vater

Question 5

The fundus,body,and pylorus are parts of the

A) small intestine.
B) large intestine.
C) biliary tree.
D) stomach.

Question 6

What is the site of absorption for most end products of digestion?

A) Duodenum and jejunum
B) Ileum
C) Colon
D) Stomach

Question 7

What is the site of most chemical digestion?

A) Stomach
B) Mouth
C) Cecum
D) Duodenum

Question 8

The word hepatic refers to the

A) pancreas.
B) portal vein.
C) mesentery.
D) liver.

Question 9

This organ synthesizes clotting factors,stores vitamins,detoxifies drugs,and helps regulate blood glucose levels.

A) Pancreas
B) Liver
C) Stomach
D) Appendix

Question 10

What is the most important nerve of the digestive tract?

A) Phrenic
B) Sciatic
C) Vagus
D) Olfactory

Question 11

Which organ secretes the most potent of the digestive enzymes?

A) Liver
B) Pancreas
C) Duodenum
D) Spleen

Question 12

The sigmoid is part of the

A) small intestine.
B) colon.
C) hepatic portal circulation.
D) stomach.

Question 13

Which surgical procedure is most likely to cause dumping syndrome?

A) Appendectomy
B) Colostomy
C) Gastrectomy
D) Cholecystectomy

Question 14

Which of the following best describes why food moves through the digestive system from the mouth toward the anus?

A) Emulsification
B) Mastication
C) Defecation
D) Peristalsis

Question 15

The stomach mixes and mashes a bolus of food that is called

A) feces.
B) flatus.
C) chyle.
D) chyme.

Question 16

A paralytic ileus is caused by a cessation of

A) peristalsis.
B) mastication.
C) emulsification.
D) deglutition.

Question 17

The appendix

A) is located in the right upper quadrant.
B) can rupture and cause peritonitis.
C) is attached to the sigmoid colon.
D) is located in the dorsal cavity.

Question 18

The common bile duct empties its contents into the

A) stomach.
B) base of the esophagus.
C) duodenum.
D) cecum.

Question 19

Food moves through the esophagus to the

A) cecum.
B) duodenum.
C) stomach.
D) common bile duct.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the chewing of food?

A) Emulsification
B) Mechanical digestion
C) Peristalsis
D) Absorption

Question 21

Gingiva refers to the

A) teeth.
B) microvilli.
C) gums.
D) tongue.

Question 22

Which organ produces bile and secretes it into the hepatic ducts?

A) Pancreas
B) Gallbladder
C) Spleen
D) Liver

Question 23

The appendix is attached to which structure?

A) Cecum
B) Stomach
C) Pylorus
D) Sigmoid

Question 24

The cecum is part of the

A) duodenum.
B) large intestine.
C) biliary tree.
D) stomach.

Question 25

Which of the following produces amino acids as its end product of digestion?

A) Bile
B) Lipase
C) Trypsin
D) Amylase

Question 26

The elimination of gas that is produced during digestion and released from the anus is called

A) flatulence.
B) eructation.
C) deglutition.
D) mastication.

Question 27

Chyle is found in the

A) portal vein.
B) stomach.
C) lacteals.
D) pancreas.

Question 28

Emulsification is most associated with which substance?

A) Trypsin
B) Hydrochloric acid
C) Bile
D) Ptyalin

Question 29

Deciduous,baby,and milk are descriptive for which structure(s)?

A) Gums
B) Sinuses
C) Teeth
D) Tonsils

Question 30

Deglutition refers to

A) chewing.
B) peristalsis.
C) swallowing.
D) burping.

Question 31

Which of the following is least characteristic of glucose?

A) Monosaccharide
B) Carbohydrate
C) An end product of digestion by a disaccharidase
D) Trypsin

Question 32

Enamel,dentin,and cementum are related to which structure?

A) Tooth
B) Liver
C) Colon
D) Villi

Question 33

Parotid,sublingual,and submandibular refer to

A) parts of the large intestine.
B) digestive enzymes.
C) salivary glands.
D) hepatic ducts.

Question 34

Gastrin,secretin,and cholecystokinin are

A) secreted by the stomach.
B) amylases.
C) emulsifying agents.
D) hormones.

Question 35

Which enzyme is found in saliva?

A) Bile
B) Trypsin
C) Ptyalin
D) Lipase

Question 36

Which of the following produces the disaccharides as its end products of digestion?

A) Lipase
B) Amylase
C) Hydrochloric acid
D) Gastrin

Question 37

Cholecystokinin regulates the secretion of

A) ptyalin.
B) bile.
C) mucus.
D) saliva.

Question 38

The wall of which structure secretes cholecystokinin?

A) Stomach
B) Pylorus
C) Duodenum
D) Cecum

Question 39

The primary function of which organ is to deliver chyme to the duodenum at the proper rate?

A) Esophagus
B) Colon
C) Liver
D) Stomach

Question 40

Which membrane resembles an apron draped over the abdominal organs?

A) Cecum
B) Omentum
C) Cementum
D) Gingiva

Question 41

What is the tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach?

A) Trachea
B) Esophagus
C) Pylorus
D) Ampulla of Vater

Question 42

The liver lobule secretes

A) bile.
B) cholecystokinin.
C) lipase.
D) chyle.

Question 43

What is the sphincter that allows food to enter the stomach from the esophagus?

A) Sphincter of Oddi
B) Pyloric sphincter
C) Lower esophageal sphincter
D) Oral sphincter

Question 44

Which structure contains the villi,microvilli,and brush border cells?

A) Stomach
B) Esophagus
C) Cecum
D) Duodenum

Question 45

Which of the following structures allow(s)the stomach to expand?

A) Chief cells
B) The appendix
C) Villi
D) Rugae

Question 46

The wall of which structure secretes the disaccharidases?

A) Gallbladder
B) Duodenum
C) Pancreas
D) Stomach

Question 47

Which structure is located between the cecum and the transverse colon?

A) Appendix
B) Ileocecal valve
C) Sigmoid
D) Ascending colon

Question 48

Which flap of tissue prevents food and water from entering the respiratory passages?

A) Appendix
B) Uvula
C) Palatine tonsils
D) Epiglottis

Question 49

The portal vein carries blood that is rich in digestive end products to which organ?

A) Liver
B) Pancreas
C) Duodenum
D) Pylorus

Question 50

Which of the following refers to the roof of the mouth?

A) Uvula
B) Tonsil
C) Frenulum
D) Palate

Question 51

The cystic duct,common bile duct,and hepatic ducts

A) are parts of the biliary tree.
B) carry chyle.
C) are parts of the small intestine.
D) are parts of the hepatic portal circulation.

Question 52

Which of the following is most likely to cause ascites and esophageal varices?

A) Common bile duct obstruction
B) Gallstones
C) Stenosis of the pyloric valve
D) Increased portal vein pressure

Question 53

The duodenum

A) receives partially digested food from the jejunum.
B) pumps food through the sphincter of Oddi into the ampulla of Vater.
C) is the site where most digestion and absorption occur.
D) forms both the hepatic and splenic flexures.

Question 54

Which of the following is a hormone?

A) HCl
B) Cholecystokinin
C) Trypsin
D) Lipase

Question 55

What is the chief organ of drug detoxification?

A) Pancreas
B) Cecum
C) Liver
D) Stomach

Question 56

Which of the following is a digestive enzyme?

A) Gastrin
B) Trypsin
C) Cholecystokinin
D) Secretin

Question 57

The pyloric sphincter is located between the duodenum and what structure?

A) Stomach
B) Common bile duct
C) Jejunum
D) Esophagus

Question 58

The ampulla of Vater and the sphincter of Oddi are located between the common bile duct and what structure?

A) Gallbladder
B) Liver
C) Pylorus
D) Duodenum

Question 59

The cecum,colon,and rectum are parts of which structure?

A) Hepatic portal system
B) Small intestine
C) Large intestine
D) Biliary tree

Question 60

Which statement is true?

A) Cholecystokinin is an amylase.
B) Secretin is stored in the gallbladder.
C) Trypsin is secreted by the liver.
D) Trypsin is an enzyme that digests protein.

Question 61

Which structure is located between the common bile duct and the duodenum?

A) Cystic duct
B) Hepatic duct
C) Pyloric valve
D) Sphincter of Oddi

Question 62

Impaired hepatic function

A) causes a deficiency of intrinsic factor and pernicious anemia.
B) often causes plasma drug levels to increase to toxic concentrations.
C) causes lactose intolerance.
D) causes gastric reflux and pyrosis.

Question 63

Peristalsis

A) cannot be affected by drugs.
B) is caused by contraction of smooth muscle.
C) only occurs within the small intestines.
D) normally moves chyme into the biliary tree.

Question 64

Pain in the RLQ is most characteristic of

A) hiatal hernia.
B) dumping syndrome.
C) appendicitis.
D) GERD.

Question 65

Which of the following is least related to fat digestion?

A) Trypsin
B) Bile
C) Cholecystokinin
D) Lipase

Question 66

Which of the following is most related to esophageal reflux?

A) Inguinal hernia
B) Hemorrhoids
C) Pyrosis
D) Appendicitis

Question 67

Which of the following is true of lipase?

A) Digests fats
B) Emulsifies fats
C) Synthesizes fats from fatty acids and glycerol
D) Stimulates the walls of the duodenum to secrete cholecystokinin

Question 68

An antacid drug exerts its effect in the

A) buccal cavity.
B) common bile duct.
C) hepatic portal circulation.
D) stomach.

Question 69

Amylases

A) digest carbohydrates.
B) emulsify fat.
C) are gastric hormones.
D) are proteolytic.

Question 70

The hepatic flexure does not involve the

A) ascending colon.
B) esophagus.
C) transverse colon.
D) large intestine.

Question 71

Sucrase,maltase,and lactase are

A) secreted by the pancreas.
B) gastric enzymes.
C) disaccharidases.
D) emulsifying agents.

Question 72

Lactose intolerance is a _____ problem.

A) disaccharidase
B) HCl
C) bile
D) cholecystokinin (CCK)

Question 73

Obstruction of the common bile duct causes

A) pain in the RLQ.
B) GERD.
C) jaundice.
D) lactose intolerance.

Question 74

Which of the following is caused by portal hypertension?

A) Cholecystitis
B) Jaundice
C) Esophageal varices
D) Cirrhosis of the liver

Question 75

Which condition is associated with the base of the esophagus,fundus of the stomach,and diaphragm?

A) Pyloric stenosis
B) Cholecystitis
C) Portal hypertension
D) Hiatal hernia

Question 76

A drug that blocks vagal activity

A) slows GI motility and reduces GI secretions.
B) increases the secretion of bile.
C) speeds up peristalsis.
D) causes diarrhea.

Question 77

Which condition is most likely to be caused by pyloric stenosis?

A) Diarrhea
B) Jaundice
C) Projectile vomiting
D) Ascites

Question 78

Hydrochloric acid,intrinsic factor,and gastrin are

A) hormones.
B) enzymes.
C) secreted by the stomach.
D) disaccharidases.

Question 79

Which of the following does not communicate with the common bile duct?

A) Cystic duct
B) Duodenum
C) Portal vein
D) Hepatic duct

Question 80

The splenic flexure does not involve the

A) ascending colon.
B) large intestine.
C) descending colon.
D) transverse colon.