Deck 20: The Tetrarchy

Question 1

The Roman emperor responsible for the creation of the tetrarchy was

A) Constantine
B) Galerius
C) Maximian
D) Diocletian

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Under the tetrarchy, imperial portraiture became increasingly

A) Veristic
B) Classicizing
C) abstract and iconic
D) individualized and emotive

Answer 2

C

Question 3

One of the principal themes of tetrarchic portraits was ____________, or the power-sharing nature of the tetrarchy.

A) fecundity
B) concordia
C) pietas
D) apotheosis

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In the portrait of Galerius from Gamzigrad in Serbia as well as the columnar portraits of the tetrarchs, world power is symbolized by

A) the orbs held by the tetrarchs.
B) the wide, starting eyes of the tetrarchs.
C) the abstract style of the portraits.
D) the medium of porphyry.

Question 5

All of the following were imperial architectural projects initiated by Diocletian EXCEPT

A) the decennial five-column monument.
B) the construction of a new public bathing complex.
C) the rebuilding of the Curia.
D) the destruction of the Colossus of Nero.

Question 6

Four of the five columns of Diocletian's decennial monument bear statues of each emperor's __________, or imperial alter ego.

A) sestertius
B) pantokrator
C) genius
D) vicennalia

Question 7

The Baths of Diocletian represent a simplified version of the plan of what earlier monument?

A) the Pompeian baths
B) the Baths of Caracalla
C) the Baths of Titus
D) the Baths of Trajan

Question 8

The caldarium and frigidarium of the Baths of Diocletian were covered by

A) groin vaults.
B) timber beams.
C) corbelled vaults.
D) domes.

Question 9

The Arch of Galerius in Thessaloniki is a(n) ____________, or an arch with eight piers

A) octostyle
B) decastyle
C) quadrifons
D) octopylon

Question 10

The format of the friezes on the Arch of Galerius resemble the format of

A) tetrarchic columnar portraits.
B) the tondi on the Arch of Constantine.
C) sarcophagi reliefs.
D) the reliefs on the Ara Pacis.

Question 11

All of the following subjects are represented on the Arch of Galerius EXCEPT

A) the adventus of Galerius.
B) Galerius's victory over the Dacians.
C) Galerius battling the Persians.
D) the four tetrarchs posed frontally.

Question 12

The Arch of Galerius was part of an architectural complex that also included his

A) palace and mausoleum.
B) suburban villa and library.
C) bath complex and temple to Jupiter.
D) amphitheater and odeum.

Question 13

The two intersecting avenues of Diocletian's palace at Split correspond to the ____________ and ____________ of a canonically planned Roman city.

A) atrium; forum
B) decumanus; atrium
C) forum; odeum
D) cardo; decumanus

Question 14

The architecture of Diocletian's palace at Split is characterized by elements of ____________ architectural design.

A) Persian
B) classicizing
C) baroque
D) Augustan

Question 15

In addition to residential quarters, Diocletian's palace complex included

A) a triumphal arch and a triumphal column.
B) a temple and a mausoleum.
C) a basilica and a triumphal column.
D) a mausoleum and an amphitheater.

Question 16

Compare and contrast the head of Galerius from the Roman baths at Gamzigrad, Serbia to the portraits of Galerius's predecessors.

Question 17

Discuss how the tetrarchs conveyed the idea of concordia in their portraits.

Question 18

Explain the central message of the columnar portraits of the tetrarchs and how that message was visually conveyed.

Question 19

Briefly discuss the historical circumstances surrounding the creation of the tetrarchy.

Question 20

Describe the purpose and appearance of the decennial monument erected by Diocletian in 303.

Question 21

Describe the layout of the Baths of Diocletian and the alterations that have been made in their subsequent history.

Question 22

Summarize the major architectural projects that Diocletian initiated in Rome.

Question 23

Discuss the form of the Arch of Galerius in Thessaloniki and how it relates to earlier Roman relief sculpture.

Question 24

Describe the subject matter of the reliefs on the Arch of Galerius in Thessaloniki and their compositional arrangement.

Question 25

Discuss the elements of baroque design that were used in Diocletian's palace at Split.

Question 26

Explain how Diocletian's palace at Split incorporated elements of Roman civic and religious architecture into its plan.

Question 27

Explain how the new form of government initiated by Diocletian generated a new kind of imperial portraiture.

Question 28

In 293, Maximian created the tetrarchy and assumed the title Augustus of the East.

Question 29

The porphyry portrait groups of the tetrarchs in Venice originally adorned columns.

Question 30

Following Rome's sharp decline in political importance, its symbolic significance as the center of the Empire dramatically decreased.