Deck 9: The Julio-Claudian Dynasty

Question 1

The Roman emperors who made up the Julio-Claudian dynasty were Tiberius, ____________, Claudius, and ____________.

A) Caligula; Nero
B) Titus; Hadrian
C) Vespasian; Titus
D) Nero; Hadrian

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Tiberius chose to commemorate in pictorial form the double suovetaurilia that both he and Augustus performed because

A) he wanted to distinguish carefully his own sacrifice from that of Augustus's.
B) it was an occasion during which Augustus and Tiberius appeared in public as equals.
C) it was the event during which Augustus adopted Tiberius and legitimized his succession.
D) it was a way of depicting the apotheosis of Augustus performed at the beginning of Tiberius's rule.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The representation of Augustus among gods and personifications on the Boscoreale cups suggests that

A) Tiberius did not present himself as a divi filius.
B) Augustus was never deified by Tiberius.
C) the cups were manufactured after Augustus's death.
D) Tiberius was worshiped as a god immediately upon his succession.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The iconography on the Gemma Augustea celebrates

A) a victory of Augustus and Tiberius's role in the triumph.
B) Tiberius's succession and deification of Augustus.
C) Tiberius's consecration of a temple dedicated to Augustus.
D) a victory of Tiberius and his status as divi filius.

Question 5

Cameos were often produced as

A) plaques commemorating the manumission of a slave.
B) imperial gifts for officials and dignitaries.
C) public displays of the imperial triumphs.
D) votive objects to be used in imperial cult worship.

Question 6

Why are there so few surviving portraits of Caligula?

A) His portraits are difficult to identify because of their similarity to Republican portraits.
B) Many of his portraits were destroyed in the fire of Rome that occurred during Nero's reign.
C) He ruled only briefly before he was assassinated and many of his portraits were destroyed.
D) He did not commission very many portraits, instead spending the money on lavish architectural projects.

Question 7

What aspect of Republican portraiture did Claudius revive in his portraits?

A) the use of a toga to represent political and social status
B) the idealized, youthful facial features
C) the avoidance of representation in the guise of a deity
D) the heroically nude body combined with an older head

Question 8

Why were emperors represented during their lifetimes in the guise of Jupiter?

A) These representations revived many of the virtues depicted in Republican portraiture.
B) These representations served as cult statues for the Capitolium in Rome.
C) These representations suggested that the emperor ruled the earth as Jupiter ruled the sky.
D) These representations encouraged imperial cult worship in Rome.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT true of Roman dynastic group portraits?

A) They combined portraits of the dead with portraits of the living.
B) They omitted unpopular family members.
C) Not all family members were related by blood.
D) All family members were similarly garbed.

Question 10

Claudius's Ara Pietatis celebrates the

A) emperor's piety toward the gods, Rome, and family.
B) establishment of the Pax Augusta in the western provinces.
C) salute of Claudius as emperor by the praetorian guard.
D) dedication of the Temple of Venus Genetrix in the Forum Iulium.

Question 11

Worship of the Julio-Claudian dynasty took place at what building?

A) the Capitolium in Rome
B) the Sebasteion in Aphrodisias
C) the Ara Pietatis in Rome
D) the Porta Palatina in Turin

Question 12

Claudius's rejection of the Classicizing architectural style of his predecessors is evident in the use of ____________ in Claudian architecture.

A) dressed masonry
B) rustication
C) Cyclopean masonry
D) pediments

Question 13

What characteristic is represented by Nero's apparent obesity in his latest numismatic portraits?

A) Nero's self-indulgent life of monarchical luxury
B) Nero's reputation for feeding the hungry in Rome
C) Nero's revival of Republican veristic values
D) Nero's attempt to differentiate himself from his megalomaniac predecessor, Caligula

Question 14

Why was Nero's Domus Aurea so offensive to the Roman populace?

A) Its size and expense put the city into a major financial crisis.
B) It was located far away from the city of Rome.
C) It was located on prime real estate in the heart of Rome.
D) It caused significant damage to major public buildings nearby.

Question 15

Nero's Domus Aurea contains some of the finest examples of the ____________ of Roman mural painting.

A) First Style
B) Second Style
C) Third Style
D) Fourth Style

Question 16

Compare and contrast Tiberius's portraits to those of Augustus.

Question 17

Explain how Tiberian sculpture maintained the Classicizing style of Augustan sculpture.

Question 18

Discuss the juxtaposition of historical events and pseudo-historical events on the Boscoreale Cups.

Question 19

Discuss how objects such as the Boscoreale Cups and Tiberian-era cameos portray a change in Augustus's status after death.

Question 20

Compare and contrast Claudius's portraiture with the portraits of his predecessors.

Question 21

Explain how dynastic group portraiture constructed specific messages about the imperial family.

Question 22

Discuss the imagery of the Ara Pietatis and its relationship to the earlier Ara Pacis Augustae.

Question 23

Describe the form of the Porta Maggiore and the significance of its style.

Question 24

Discuss the changing appearance of Nero's portraits and possible reasons for these changes.

Question 25

Explain how Nero's Domus Aurea differed from traditional Roman residential architecture.

Question 26

Describe the revolutionary changes in architecture that took place under Nero.

Question 27

Compare and contrast the Fourth Style of Roman mural painting to earlier mural painting styles.

Question 28

Immediately after he became emperor, Tiberius had Augustus deified.

Question 29

Claudius rejected Republican values in his portraiture in favor of youthful facial features.

Question 30

A groin vault is the circular opening at the apex of a dome.