Deck 1: Chemistry in Our World

Question 1

Chemistry is the study of _____.

A) mass
B) properties
C) energy
D) matter
E) None of the above.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

A physical change is _____.

A) a transformation of matter that occurs without any change in chemical composition
B) a process that produces substances with new chemical compositions
C) sometimes a chemical change
D) rarely a chemical change
E) None of the above.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A chemical change is _____.

A) a transformation of matter that occurs without any change in chemical composition
B) a process that produces substances with new chemical compositions
C) a change from a solid melting to a liquid
D) a liquid evaporating into a gas
E) None of the above.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

A) Wood burning in a fireplace.
B) An egg cooking on the stove.
C) Ice melting into water.
D) A wound that heals.
E) All of the above.

Question 5

The active ingredients found in soap are ______.

A) polymers
B) surfactants
C) macronutrients
D) bleach
E) None of the above.

Question 6

The compounds found much within our clothing are ______.

A) polymers
B) surfactants
C) macronutrients
D) cellulose
E) None of the above.

Question 7

Vitamins are ______.

A) macronutrients
B) micronutrients
C) antipyretics
D) antibiotics
E) None of the above.

Question 8

Minerals are ______.

A) macronutrients
B) micronutrients
C) antipyretics
D) antibiotics
E) None of the above.

Question 9

Fats and oils are ______.

A) macronutrients
B) micronutrients
C) antipyretics
D) antibiotics
E) None of the above.

Question 10

Proteins and carbohydrates are ______.

A) macronutrients
B) micronutrients
C) antipyretics
D) antibiotics
E) None of the above.

Question 11

Fever reducers are ______.

A) macronutrients
B) micronutrients
C) antipyretics
D) antibiotics
E) None of the above.

Question 12

Statins are a class of drugs that raise cholesterol.

Question 13

Analgesics are drugs used to reduce pain.

Question 14

Antibiotics are drugs used to reduce pain.

Question 15

When a wound heals that is an example of a chemical change.

Question 16

Burning excess calories while exercising is an example of a physical change.

Question 17

Purifying a liquid by distillation is a physical change.

Question 18

Food chemists primarily address nutrition but rarely do they address safety.

Question 19

Which of the following involves chemistry?

A) Dry cleaning.
B) Agriculture.
C) Medicine.
D) Dyeing and printing
E) All of the above.

Question 20

Paracelsus claimed that it is the dosage that makes a substance a poison or a remedy.

Question 21

There is no risk associated with the use of aspirin.

Question 22

Drinking too much water, too intensely, over too short a time, can kill.

Question 23

Aspirin is _____.

A) chemically known as acetylsalicylic acid
B) an analgesic
C) an antipyretic
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 24

BPA _____.

A) is an abbreviation for bisphenol-A
B) is added to plastics and resins to improve and strengthen their physical properties
C) presents a risk to fetuses and newborns
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 25

Caffeine is a _____.

A) natural chemical
B) synthetic chemical
C) polymer
D) pollutant
E) None of the above.

Question 26

Aspirin is a _____.

A) natural chemical
B) synthetic chemical
C) polymer
D) pollutant
E) None of the above.

Question 27

BPA is a _____.

A) natural chemical
B) synthetic chemical
C) polymer
D) pollutant
E) None of the above.

Question 28

BPA is safe for the human body in any dosage.

Question 29

By 2009, BPA was found in over 3 million tons of plastics and resins.

Question 30

The word chemical is often associated negatively by the media.

Question 31

Excess amounts of aspirin in too short a time can kill.

Question 32

Aspirin is effective at _____.

A) inhibiting blood clotting
B) pain relief
C) reducing fevers
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 33

All natural chemicals are safe for the human body to ingest at any dosage.

Question 34

Very small amounts of some substances taken into our bodies over long periods of time may pose risks.

Question 35

Small daily doses of aspirin are often prescribed to help ______.

A) lower cholesterol
B) prevent heart attacks
C) raise cholesterol
D) kill infections
E) None of the above

Question 36

The estimated worldwide production of acetylsalicylic acid is ____ tons.

A) 45
B) 4,500
C) 450
D) 45,000
E) None of the above

Question 37

An antibiotic taken in too high a dose can be fatal.

Question 38

There is a 50% chance of dying if a person drinks 70 cups of coffee in one sitting.

Question 39

Mice studies have not shown caffeine to be lethal in large enough dosages.

Question 40

Trees are examples of renewable resources.

Question 41

Water is an example of a renewable resource.

Question 42

Fossil fuels are examples of renewable resources.

Question 43

Food crops are examples of renewable resources.

Question 44

Green chemistry is the general chemical practice that aims at depleting resources and increasing toxic waste.

Question 45

Recycling is a part of the life-cycle assessment.

Question 46

Improper manufacturing of a good could be damaging to the environment.

Question 47

Disposing of used oil into a sinkhole is responsible life-cycle assessment.

Question 48

Renewable resources, such as fresh water, are susceptible to abuse.

Question 49

Bleaches that use oxygen in place of chlorine help avoid harmful environmental waste.

Question 50

Consumers living in highly developed countries consume over ____ the planet's energy.

A) 25%
B) 66%
C) 50%
D) 75%
E) None of the above.

Question 51

Consumers living in highly developed countries generate approximately ____ the planet's pollution and waste products.

A) 25%
B) 66%
C) 50%
D) 75%
E) None of the above.

Question 52

Consumer spending in the United States represents over ____ of the nation's economy.

A) 25%
B) 66%
C) 50%
D) 75%
E) None of the above.

Question 53

Fossil fuels, such as coal and petroleum, will _____ in their overall total amounts over time with continued use.

A) decrease
B) increase
C) remain the same
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 54

Consuming resources faster than they can be replaced will lead to _____ of natural resources.

A) renewal
B) depletion
C) destruction
D) recycling
E) none of the above

Question 55

Life-cycle assessments require the application of chemistry to the ____ of environmentally friendly consumer products.

A) design
B) production
C) use
D) disposal
E) All of the above

Question 56

Which of the following is an example of green chemistry?

A) Using less harsh chemicals for cleaning.
B) Discarding old batteries into a landfill.
C) Discarding used oil into the backyard.
D) Throwing cell phone batteries into the trashcan.
E) None of the above.

Question 57

To help us expand our use of solar energy, chemists are developing new materials used for ______.

A) trash disposal
B) medicines
C) manufacturing
D) solar panels
E) None of the above.

Question 58

An increased use of nuclear energy should _____.

A) decrease the consumption of fossil fuels
B) increase the consumption of fossil fuels
C) have no affect on the consumption of fossil fuels
D) help preserve our renewable resources
E) None of the above.

Question 59

Laundry wash that uses ingredients derived from ______ decreases suds and toxicity level.

A) animals
B) bone
C) plants
D) sunlight
E) None of the above.

Question 60

Science is from the Latin scire, meaning "to _____".

A) think
B) act
C) be
D) know
E) observe

Question 61

Which choice describes research and development?

A) A tentative explanation for a relatively small set of observations.
B) A generally accepted principle based on a large set of confirmed observations.
C) The process by which science operates, involving the development of explanations for observations of the universe.
D) Fundamental research that increases our understanding of the world.
E) Gathering knowledge with the goal of creating new products or improving existing ones.

Question 62

Which choice describes basic research?

A) A tentative explanation for a relatively small set of observations.
B) A generally accepted principle based on a large set of confirmed observations.
C) The process by which science operates, involving the development of explanations for observations of the universe.
D) Fundamental research that increases our understanding of the world.
E) Gathering knowledge with the goal of creating new products or improving existing ones.

Question 63

Which choice describes a theory?

A) A tentative explanation for a relatively small set of observations.
B) A generally accepted principle based on a large set of confirmed observations.
C) The process by which science operates, involving the development of explanations for observations of the universe.
D) Fundamental research that increases our understanding of the world.
E) Gathering knowledge with the goal of creating new products or improving existing ones.

Question 64

Which choice describes a hypothesis?

A) A tentative explanation for a relatively small set of observations.
B) A generally accepted principle based on a large set of confirmed observations.
C) The process by which science operates, involving the development of explanations for observations of the universe.
D) Fundamental research that increases our understanding of the world.
E) Gathering knowledge with the goal of creating new products or improving existing ones.

Question 65

Which choice describes the scientific method?

A) A tentative explanation for a relatively small set of observations.
B) A generally accepted principle based on a large set of confirmed observations.
C) The process by which science operates, involving the development of explanations for observations of the universe.
D) Fundamental research that increases our understanding of the world.
E) Gathering knowledge with the goal of creating new products or improving existing ones.

Question 66

Chemists can _____.

A) analyze substances to determine their chemical compositions and properties
B) synthesize new compounds
C) understand and control chemical processes,
D) formulate many types of new products, including medicines, cosmetics, foods, cleaning products, agricultural chemicals, and paints.
E) All of the above.

Question 67

The first step in the scientific method is to ____.

A) interpret findings
B) make a hypothesis
C) conduct experiments
D) observe and formulate a question
E) None of the above.

Question 68

The second step in the scientific method is to ____.

A) interpret findings
B) make a hypothesis
C) conduct experiments
D) observe and formulate a question
E) None of the above.

Question 69

The third step in the scientific method is to ____.

A) interpret findings
B) make a hypothesis
C) conduct experiments
D) observe and formulate a question
E) None of the above.

Question 70

The fourth step in the scientific method is to ____.

A) interpret findings
B) make a hypothesis
C) conduct experiments
D) observe and formulate a question
E) None of the above.

Question 71

If the results of an experiment do not support the hypothesis then nothing more is required of the scientist.

Question 72

Performing experiments comes after making a hypothesis.

Question 73

There is no difference between a theory and a hypothesis.

Question 74

A hypothesis is formulated after observation.

Question 75

A scientist formulates a hypothesis that is not supported by his/her experimental results. The scientist must then revise his/her hypothesis.

Question 76

A scientist formulates a hypothesis that is supported by his/her experimental results. The scientist must then revise his/her hypothesis.

Question 77

A theory is supported by a small set of confirmed observations.

Question 78

A hypothesis is supported by a small set of confirmed observations.

Question 79

A scientist formulates a hypothesis that is supported by his/her experimental results. The scientist must then perform additional experiments that further support his/her hypothesis.

Question 80

The SI unit for mass is the ____.

A) gram
B) meter
C) kilometer
D) kilogram
E) milligram