Deck 2: Atoms and Elements

Question 1

J. J. Thomson is the scientist who proposed the "plum pudding" model for the atom.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Democritus came up with the theory of continuous matter.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The fundamental particle of matter is the ______.

A) proton
B) electron
C) neutron
D) atom
E) None of the above.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

John Dalton found that atoms combine together to form elements.

Question 5

John Dalton found that atoms combine together to form compounds.

Question 6

The elemental symbol for sodium is ____.

A) S
B) Se
C) Na
D) K
E) P

Question 7

The elemental symbol for sulfur is ____.

A) S
B) Se
C) Na
D) K
E) P

Question 8

The elemental symbol for phosphorus is ____.

A) S
B) Se
C) Na
D) K
E) P

Question 9

The elemental symbol for potassium is ____.

A) S
B) Se
C) Na
D) K
E) P

Question 10

Niels Bohr proposed that electrons occupy well-defined orbits.

Question 11

The shell closest to the nucleus is the n = _____ shell.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 6
E) 7

Question 12

The shell that is furthest from the nucleus is the n = _____ shell.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 6
E) 7

Question 13

The second closest shell to the nucleus is the n = _____ shell.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 6
E) 7

Question 14

The n = 4 shell can hold a maximum of ____ electrons.

A) 2
B) 8
C) 18
D) 32
E) 50

Question 15

The n = 5 shell can hold a maximum of ____ electrons.

A) 2
B) 8
C) 18
D) 32
E) 50

Question 16

The n = 1 shell can hold a maximum of ____ electrons.

A) 2
B) 8
C) 18
D) 32
E) 50

Question 17

When an electron is excited from a lower energy state to a higher energy state, that electron must have absorbed energy.

Question 18

When an electron is goes from a higher energy state to a lower energy state, that electron must have absorbed energy.

Question 19

Rutherford's model of the atom accounts for the phenomenon known as the emission spectrum.

Question 20

Select the scientist that developed a newer model of the atom based on quantum mechanics.

A) Erwin Schrödinger
B) Max Born
C) Werner Heisenberg
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 21

The s orbital ______.

A) is barbell-shaped
B) is spherical
C) can have several lobes in the same plane
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 22

The p orbital ______.

A) is barbell-shaped
B) is spherical
C) can have several lobes in the same plane
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 23

The d orbital ______.

A) is barbell-shaped
B) is spherical
C) can have several lobes in the same plane
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 24

The nucleus of the atom is relatively large when compared to the radius of the same atom.

Question 25

The nucleus of the atom has electrons and protons in it.

Question 26

The nucleus of the atom has positive charge inside it.

Question 27

The subatomic particle that is positively charged is the ______.

A) proton
B) electron
C) neutron
D) atom
E) None of the above.

Question 28

The subatomic particle that is negatively charged is the ______.

A) proton
B) electron
C) neutron
D) atom
E) None of the above.

Question 29

The subatomic particle that is not found in the nucleus is the ______.

A) proton
B) electron
C) neutron
D) All of them.
E) None of the above.

Question 30

The element with the atomic number equal to 8 is _____.

A) oxygen
B) nitrogen
C) sulfur
D) carbon
E) None of the above.

Question 31

The element with the atomic number equal to 4 is _____.

A) oxygen
B) nitrogen
C) sulfur
D) carbon
E) None of the above.

Question 32

The element with the atomic number equal to 16 is _____.

A) oxygen
B) nitrogen
C) sulfur
D) carbon
E) None of the above.

Question 33

Sulfur has _____protons, _____electrons, and ______neutrons.

A) 16, 16, 16
B) 8, 8, 8
C) 6, 6, 6
D) 7, 7, 7
E) None of the above.

Question 34

Nitrogen has _____protons, _____electrons, and ______neutrons.

A) 16, 16, 16
B) 8, 8, 8
C) 6, 6, 6
D) 7, 7, 7
E) None of the above.

Question 35

Sodium has an atomic mass of 22 and possesses 11 protons. The number of neutrons belonging to sodium is ____.

A) 12
B) 16
C) 11
D) 20
E) None of the above.

Question 36

Potassium has an atomic mass of 39 and possesses 19 protons. The number of neutrons belonging to sodium is ____.

A) 12
B) 16
C) 11
D) 20
E) None of the above.

Question 37

Which of the following is a compound?

A) SeO₂
B) HCl
C) C₆H₁₂O₆
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 38

Which of the following is a compound?

A) S
B) Cl
C) C₆H₁₂O₆
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 39

Which of the following is an element?

A) SeO₂
B) HCl
C) Fe
D) Ne
E) c and d

Question 40

Protons can be represented as p or p⁺.

Question 41

Neutrons can be represented as n⁺.

Question 42

Electrons can be represented as e or e⁺.

Question 43

The atomic mass is a subatomic particle.

Question 44

The atomic number (i.e., the number of protons) distinguishes one type of element from another.

Question 45

The number of neutrons distinguishes one type of element from another.

Question 46

The number of protons in lithium is equal to the number of neutrons it possesses.

Question 47

The number of protons in hydrogen is equal to the number of neutrons it possesses.

Question 48

The phosphorus atom has less neutrons than the sulfur atom.

Question 49

The nucleus's radius is extremely small in comparison to the total volume of the atom.

Question 50

Neutral elements will always have an equal number of protons and neutrons.

Question 51

Neutral elements will always have an equal number of protons and electrons.

Question 52

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in the number of ____.

A) protons
B) neutrons
C) electrons
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 53

Which of the following are isotopes?

A) hydrogen
B) deuterium
C) tritium
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 54

Tritium has one proton and ____ neutron(s).

A) zero
B) one
C) two
D) three
E) None of the above.

Question 55

Deuterium has one proton and ____ neutron(s).

A) zero
B) one
C) two
D) three
E) None of the above.

Question 56

The most common isotope of hydrogen is ____.

A) H
B) D
C) T
D) All are equally abundant.
E) None of the above.

Question 57

The 2^nd most common isotope of hydrogen is ____.

A) H
B) D
C) T
D) All are equally abundant.
E) None of the above.

Question 58

Weight is the ______.

A) measure of a body's resistance to acceleration
B) force due to the pull of gravity on an object
C) volume of an object
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 59

Mass is the ______.

A) measure of a body's resistance to acceleration
B) force due to the pull of gravity on an object
C) volume of an object
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 60

On planet Earth, person A has a mass of 75.0 kg. This same person on the moon will have _____.

A) the same weight
B) a different weight
C) the same mass
D) a different mass
E) B and C.

Question 61

A 5.00 g block of iron mass will be _____ on the planet Mars as compared to planet Earth.

A) the same
B) different
C) 10.0 g
D) 15.0+ g
E) None of the above.

Question 62

The moon's gravity is far less than the Earth's gravity. Suppose a man weighs 220 pounds on Earth. On the moon his weight will be ____.

A) greater than 220 pounds
B) 220 pounds
C) less than 220 pounds
D) Unable to determine.
E) None of the above.

Question 63

Saturn's gravity is far greater than the Earth's gravity. Suppose a woman weighs 140 pounds on Earth. On the moon his weight will be ____.

A) greater than 140 pounds
B) 140 pounds
C) less than 140 pounds
D) Unable to determine.
E) None of the above.

Question 64

Why does a person weigh the same in one state as opposed to travelling to another state in the same day?

A) The gravity on Earth is not constant.
B) Earth's gravity is constant.
C) Sometimes Earth lacks gravity.
D) There is no gravity on Earth.
E) None of the above.

Question 65

Cl-17 and Cl-18 have the same number of protons.

Question 66

Cl-17 and Cl-18 have the same number of neutrons.

Question 67

The mass of an object is unaffected by gravity.

Question 68

The weight of an object is unaffected by gravity.

Question 69

Greater force is needed to move objects of greater mass.

Question 70

Greater force is required to move a 500 pound block verses a 750 pound block.

Question 71

The mass of a proton is greater than the mass of an electron.

Question 72

The mass of a neutron is less than the mass of an electron.

Question 73

C-13 has less mass than C-12.

Question 74

C-13 has less mass than C-14.

Question 75

C-13 has one more electron than C-14.

Question 76

C-13 has one less neutron than C-14.

Question 77

The columns found in the modern period table are called groups.

Question 78

The rows found in the modern period table are called groups.

Question 79

The rows found in the modern period table are called periods.

Question 80

There are seven periods on the modern periodic table.