Deck 2: Precision Medicine: Decoding the Biology of Health Disease

Question 1

In precision medicine, providers seek to alter the course of disease using knowledge of:

A) basic biometrics.
B) general molecular and genetic alterations.
C) biochemical concentrations in the body.
D) ethnic groups.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Knowledge of which of the following is part of the data used in PM?

A) Geographic location
B) Ethnic history
C) Smoking history
D) Gene activity

Answer 2

D

Question 3

A patient who has a mutation in a key cancer gene, compared to other family members, displays:

A) variant calling.
B) gene expression.
C) a phenotype.
D) no useful difference.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which part of PM least revolves around the work of a medical professional?

A) Patient self-reporting
B) IoT
C) Wearable devices
D) Smart phones

Question 5

Which of the following has recently arisen in conjunction with PM?

A) Large private databases
B) Increased availability of nursing
C) Younger patient populations
D) Fewer foreign-born doctors in the United States

Question 6

An example of a genomic atlas is:

A) TCGA.
B) EKG.
C) MPS.
D) the Human Genome Project.

Question 7

Clinical trials organized around molecular information:

A) have a long history.
B) are a recent phenomenon.
C) cannot be funded by the government.
D) require state permits.

Question 8

Which phase of a molecular clinical trial would test how much of an RNA-based therapy to give a patient?

A) Phase 1
B) Phase 2
C) Phase 3
D) Post-trial testing

Question 9

A patient with a tumor consisting of only one type of skin cancer cell might participate in a(n):

A) basket trial.
B) state trial.
C) umbrella trial.
D) baseline trial.

Question 10

When did the NRC lay out the taxonomy for molecular diseases?

A) 2000
B) 2003
C) 2009
D) 2013

Question 11

In the United States, how are EHRs services provided?

A) By each hospital
B) By a few large companies
C) By states
D) By overseas providers

Question 12

A common data model for IS/IT requires:

A) a multistate compact for data sharing.
B) a common dictionary of terms.
C) a legal framework.
D) the participation of professional groups for nurses.

Question 13

The current model for diagnosis is the P4 model.

Question 14

A hospital that lacks molecular testing lacks the ability to practice PM.

Question 15

MPS has greatly accelerated the pace of sequencing today as compared to the pace in 1990-2000.

Question 16

A basket trial can include multiple tumor types.

Question 17

The key to conducting PM is to group large amounts of data to look for subgroups and patterns.

Question 18

A patient whose participation in a clinical trial requires use of a wearable device that creates non-anonymized data presents serious issues for HIPAA compliance.

Question 19

A patient being treated for breast cancer using PM as a paradigm would need to see a range of specialists for a wide range of comparative data to be collected.

Question 20

In a sense, a patient who is the only worldwide sufferer of a particular disease cannot be treated using PM.

Question 21

A healthcare database containing data on middle-class residents of the Middle Atlantic states is of somewhat limited value in PM.

Question 22

The home genealogy DNA tests that are now commonly available have a potential role in PM.

Question 23

One lesson of precision medicine is that diseases that were once treated identically from patient to patient may now be treated very differently in different patients.

Question 24

The information in DNA must flow through _________ before it can become the information in a protein.

Question 25

IDH1 is a mutation commonly associated with _________.

Question 26

What key events trigger PM?

Question 27

What are the underlying principles of PM? Discuss the appeal and challenges of adopting PM principles for patients as well as care providers.

Question 28

What drives PM's success or failure? How is PM changing the practice of traditional medicine?

Question 29

What significance does PM have on personalizing cancer treatments for cancer patients?