Deck 22: The Rhetoric

Question 1

Aristotle envisioned rhetoric as:

A) being focused on one-to-one communication.
B) addressing specific, practical questions.
C) a search for truth.
D) essentially immoral.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The canon of rhetoric that includes topoi is:

A) invention.
B) arrangement.
C) style.
D) delivery.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The issue of speaker credibility relates most specifically to:

A) logos.
B) pathos.
C) topoi.
D) ethos.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

A deductive argument that omits a premise is called a(n):

A) enthymeme.
B) syllogism.
C) topoi.
D) example.

Question 5

Early Athenian public speaking professors whose practical approach lacked a theoretical foundation were called:

A) Platonists.
B) Aristotelians.
C) Dialecticians.
D) Sophists.

Question 6

According to Aristotle, which of the following was NOT a fundamental component of ethos?

A) perceived intelligence
B) virtuous character
C) dynamism
D) goodwill

Question 7

In Rhetoric, which of the following qualities did Aristotle identify as necessary for seeming credible to an audience?

A) invention
B) arrangement
C) style
D) goodwill

Question 8

For Aristotle, metaphor was a key component of:

A) invention.
B) delivery.
C) style.
D) memory.

Question 9

________ are the principle divisions of the art of persuasion established by ancient rhetoricians.

A) Ordinances of coercion
B) Edicts of influence
C) Decrees of persuasion
D) Canons of rhetoric

Question 10

In the context of the five canons of rhetoric, ________ refers to a speaker's "hunt" for arguments that will be effective in a particular speech.

A) delivery
B) style
C) invention
D) arrangement

Question 11

Any form of presentation that calls attention to itself takes away from the speaker's proofs.

Question 12

In the context of the five canons of rhetoric, metaphor is an important component of invention.

Question 13

On the whole, Aristotle's concept of ethos has held up well under scientific scrutiny.

Question 14

Pathos refers to both positive and distressing emotional responses that a speaker tries to stimulate.

Question 15

According to Aristotle, audiences reject the delivery of speeches that seems planned or staged.

Question 16

Aristotle believed that an effective speaker must know how to appeal to the emotions of the audience.

Question 17

The example form of logos is inductive in nature.

Question 18

In the context of artistic proofs, emotional appeals that strike a responsive chord are called logos.

Question 19

Rhetoric has been defined as the discovery in each case of "the available means of persuasion."

Question 20

Aristotle believed that truth has a moral superiority that makes it more acceptable than falsehood.

Question 21

________ proofs are those not created by the speaker such as a letter or testimony of a witness.

Question 22

________ is an artistic proof that appeals to listeners' rationality.

Question 23

Rather than cater to any extreme position, Aristotle advocated ________.

Question 24

List and briefly describe the five canons of rhetoric.

Question 25

What is the difference between a syllogism and an enthymeme? Provide an example of each. Under what conditions should you use one and not the other?

Question 26

What were Aristotle's three types of proof? Which is most important in the political rhetoric of today?

Question 27

What are the major criticisms of Aristotle's Rhetoric? Which do you believe is the most damaging?

Question 28

Discuss the specific components of Aristotelian ethos. How well has the concept of ethos held up under scientific scrutiny?

Question 29

In light of Plato's critique of the Sophists, how did Aristotle justify the art of rhetoric? Do you find his justification convincing?

Question 30

Discuss why Aristotle was skeptical about appeals to the emotions. What might his concerns tell us about Aristotle's view of the audience? Can you think of examples of speakers or speeches that might seem to validate some of his concerns about destructive appeals to emotion? Can you think of examples of speakers using pathos ethically?

Question 31

How would Aristotle respond to Hirokawa and Gouran's functional perspective? What would they have to say back to him?

Question 32

For good reasons, Aristotle's theory is listed under the category of "public rhetoric," but it is also a theory of influence. How does it compare to social judgment theory and the elaboration likelihood model?

Question 33

Compare Aristotle's approach to metaphor with Geertz and Pacanowsky's.

Question 34

At the conclusion of the chapter, Griffin claims that Aristotle's Rhetoric "remains a foundational text of our discipline-a starting point for scientists and humanists alike." Based on your burgeoning knowledge of the discipline, would you support this assertion?

Question 35

After graduation, you land a job in your college or university's development office. Your first task is to design a fundraising campaign that targets recent alumni like yourself. Discuss how social judgment theory, the elaboration likelihood model, and Aristotle's rhetoric might help you shape your pitch. Which approach would be the most useful?

Question 36

How might you relate Aristotle's concept of ethos to Burgoon's work on expectancy violations?