Question 1

The primary means through which a profession advances its knowledge base is through which of the following?&#10;A) Professional conferences&#10;B) Networking with other professionals&#10;C) Research process&#10;D) Well-established tradition

Accepted Answer

The primary means through which a profession advances its knowledge base is through the research process. Research allows for the systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions, thus contributing to the advancement of knowledge within the profession.

Question 2

Which of the following does not represent one of the stages inherent to the scientific method of inquiry?&#10;A) Formulating a hypothesis&#10;B) Identifying the question&#10;C) Collecting and analyzing the data&#10;D) Designing effective curricular materials

Accepted Answer

Designing effective curricular materials is not a stage in the scientific method of inquiry. The scientific method involves identifying a question, formulating a hypothesis, and collecting as well as analyzing data to address the question. Designing curricular materials is related to education and instructional design, not a direct part of the scientific method.

Question 3

A type of reasoning that is considered a fundamental principle of scientific inquiry in which thinking proceeds from the specific to the general is called what?&#10;A) Deduction&#10;B) Induction&#10;C) Syllogism&#10;D) Hypothesizing

Accepted Answer

Induction is the process of reasoning from specific observations to make general conclusions, which is a fundamental aspect of scientific inquiry. Deduction, on the other hand, involves reasoning from general principles to make specific predictions or conclusions. Syllogism is a form of deductive reasoning that uses two premises to arrive at a conclusion, and hypothesizing involves making a tentative explanation that can be tested.

Question 4

Which of the following best illustrates a possible research scenario that is best suited for an experimental study?&#10;A) A study to determine the attitudes of parents regarding schools' use of body mass index (BMI) as an indicator of overweight in children&#10;B) A study to ascertain the prevalence of hazing among interscholastic sports teams&#10;C) A study to determine the effects of massage on reducing muscle soreness associated with bicycling&#10;D) A study to investigate the relationship between aerobic capacity and visual acuity among secondary school students

Accepted Answer

Experimental studies are characterized by the manipulation of an independent variable to observe its effect on a dependent variable, while controlling for other variables. In choice C, the effect of massage (independent variable) on reducing muscle soreness associated with bicycling (dependent variable) can be directly manipulated and measured, making it a suitable scenario for an experimental study.

Question 5

Throughout history, humans have relied on several means for discovering knowledge and truth. Which of the following does not represent a source of knowledge?&#10;A) Deductive reasoning&#10;B) Personal experience&#10;C) Scientific inquiry&#10;D) Forming a hypothesis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Throughout history, humans have relied on several...

Question 6

Research that is typically conducted in natural settings without controlling the research conditions is known as:&#10;A) historical research.&#10;B) qualitative research.&#10;C) experimental research.&#10;D) quantitative research.

Accepted Answer

Qualitative research is often conducted in natural settings where the researcher does not control the environment or conditions, focusing instead on understanding phenomena through the perspectives of participants.

Question 7

Research that combines qualitative and quantitative methods to yield additional insight is known as:&#10;A) basic research.&#10;B) experimental research.&#10;C) quantitative research.&#10;D) mixed-methods research.

Accepted Answer

Mixed-methods research involves combining qualitative and quantitative research methods to gain a more comprehensive understanding of a research problem.

Question 8

A study to determine the association among dietary behaviors, self-esteem, and body weight best exemplifies which type of research?&#10;A) Experimental&#10;B) Correlational&#10;C) Causal-comparative&#10;D) Action

Accepted Answer

This study is correlational because it aims to identify whether there is a relationship between dietary behaviors, self-esteem, and body weight without manipulating any variables.

Question 9

The statement &#34;establishes a cause-and-effect relationship between variables with the purpose of explaining and predicting phenomena&#34; is called what?&#10;A) Hypothesis&#10;B) Theory&#10;C) Law&#10;D) Conclusion

Accepted Answer

A theory establishes a cause-and-effect relationship between variables with the purpose of explaining and predicting phenomena.

Question 10

Which of the following types of research does not belong with the others?&#10;A) causal-comparative.&#10;B) descriptive.&#10;C) experimental.&#10;D) correlational.

Accepted Answer

Experimental research is distinct because it involves manipulation of variables to establish cause-and-effect relationships, unlike the other types which are more observational and do not involve manipulation.

Question 11

Research that collects information from groups of participants to describe conditions or characteristics of interest is called what?&#10;A) Experimental&#10;B) Descriptive&#10;C) Correlational&#10;D) Transdisciplinary

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research that collects information from groups of...

Question 12

Research that aims to determine the relationship between two or more variables is called what?&#10;A) Descriptive&#10;B) Experimental&#10;C) Causal-comparative&#10;D) Correlational

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research that aims to determine the relationship...

Question 13

When researchers seek to record and understand what happened in the past in order to better understand the present and to suggest directions for the future, they use _______ research.&#10;A) experimental&#10;B) historical&#10;C) action&#10;D) causal-comparative

Accepted Answer

The answer of When researchers seek to record and understand...

Question 14

Which of the following statements does not describe research?&#10;A) Research is based on anecdotal evidence.&#10;B) Research is a way of addressing problems in the field.&#10;C) Research in kinesiology has a short historical footprint compared to other disciplines.&#10;D) Research provides evidence to help solve problems.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements does not...

Deck 1: The Nature, Purpose, and Overall Process of Research