Deck 3: Ethical Issues in Rural Communities

Question 1

According to the 2016 US census bureau, the percentage of US population living in the rural areas is:

A) approximately 19%.
B) approximately 20%.
C) approximately 25%.
D) approximately 21%.
E) approximately 15%.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following questions do you ask yourself as you deliberate on health-related ethics?

A) Will it be beneficial to all concerned?
B) Is it fair to all concerned?
C) Will it increase the bottom line?
D) Will it be beneficial to all concerned? Is it fair to all concerned?
E) None of these is correct.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

In issues related to health, compared to urban areas, rural areas are:

A) better off.
B) worse off.
C) There is no difference.
D) No comparison has been done.
E) Not stated in the text.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Some common rural ethics dilemmas include all of the following except:

A) limited resources and access to care.
B) shared decision making.
C) friends sharing their medical information.
D) confidentiality and privacy.
E) disease stigma.

Question 5

Principles that define ethical duties include:

A) autonomy.
B) beneficence.
C) non-maleficence.
D) justice.
E) All of these are correct.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A) In rural areas, some clinicians are forced to practice outside their training.
B) In rural areas, sometimes health professionals compromise and work with limited resources.
C) Confidentiality is the right of an individual to hold information about themselves in secret, free from the knowledge of others.
D) Due to the overlapping relationships between the clinicians, patients, and the community, the privacy and confidentiality of the patients are threatened.
E) The shortage of health professionals willing to work in rural areas has led to the idea that substandard care given to rural communities is better than nothing.

Question 7

Concerning boundary issues and professional patient relationship in rural areas, which of the following statements is correct?

A) Some professionals feel like they have to disengage from community events to prevent uncomfortable situations.
B) Due to limited options for referral of a patient, it is difficult to refuse patients.
C) Disengagement from community events by professionals can lead to a less productive clinical environment.
D) All of these are correct.
E) None of these is correct.

Question 8

Recruitment of physicians and health professionals to rural areas can be achieved by:

A) making rural health a specialty course.
B) programs providing training experience on serving rural populations.
C) medical students having rural clinical rotations.
D) programs incorporating information on rural cultural norms during training.
E) All of these are correct.

Question 9

For health professionals, some strengths of working in rural areas include:

A) the ability to be a generalist.
B) integrated care.
C) similarities of beliefs and values.
D) the ability to be a generalist and integrated care only.
E) All of these are correct.

Question 10

According to the 2016 US Census Bureau, the median age of the US population living in rural areas is:

A) 65 years.
B) 51 years.
C) 55 years.
D) 49 years.
E) 57 years.

Question 11

By 2060, it is estimated that the number of Americans aged 65 and older will double from 46 million to about 100 million.

Question 12

None of the clinicians report that they were untrained and unprepared to deal with the ethical dilemmas in a rural setting.

Question 13

It has been said that in rural areas, the line between practical and ethical are often blurred or non-existent.

Question 14

Privacy is the assurance that information about identifiable persons will not be disclosed without consent.

Question 15

Compared to their urban counterparts, the professionals in rural areas get to see their clients outside of professional boundaries, leading to uncomfortable situations.

Question 16

An example of a financial incentive that provides loan repayment for health care professionals that work in rural areas is the National Health Service Corp.

Question 17

Privacy and confidentiality are synonymous.

Question 18

Ethical principles are a bit more complicated to abide by in rural areas and are often considered as inapplicable by health care professionals in these areas.

Question 19

Telehealth in rural areas is easier because 60% of rural residents have access to high speed internet.

Question 20

Health professionals need to be aware of the ethical dilemmas faced in rural areas.

Question 21

Ethical questions arise often. What are some ethical questions that can come up in health-related issues, and how can they be addressed? Give examples and explain.

Question 22

Suggest ways by which health professionals can be recruited to rural communities.

Question 23

Do you know if there are factors in place to check ethical issues that can arise in human research? What are they and how do they carry out these functions?