Deck 20: Lymphatic System and Immunity

Question 1

The thoracic duct arises from which of the following?

A) Lumbar trunk
B) Collecting duct
C) Lacteals
D) Cisterna chyli
E) Right lymphatic duct

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following is a function of lymphocytes?

A) Decrease in number during viral infections
B) Produce proteins called antibodies
C) Are actively phagocytic
D) Are primarily found in the red bone marrow
E) Destroy red blood cells

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The red pulp of the spleen contains numerous amounts of which of the following?

A) Eosinophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Basophils
D) Antibodies
E) Macrophages

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Special lymphatic capillaries of the small intestine that take up lipids are called:

A) lymph nodes.
B) lymphatic trunks.
C) lacteals.
D) lymphatic pathways.
E) Peyer's patches.

Question 5

Which of the following releases antibodies?

A) Dendritic cells
B) Reticular cells
C) NK cells
D) T cells
E) B cells

Question 6

Which of the following immunoglobulins is the largest and heaviest?

A) IgM
B) IgG
C) IgD
D) IgE
E) IgA

Question 7

Which of the following are small organs that are found along lymphatic vessels?

A) Lacteals
B) Lymphatics
C) Lymph nodes
D) Lymph follicles
E) Red pulps

Question 8

When the body is deliberately exposed to an antigen, this is referred to as:

A) passive artificial immunity.
B) active artificial immunity.
C) active natural immunity.
D) passive natural immunity.
E) autoimmunity.

Question 9

Which of the following lymphatic organs lacks reticular connective tissue?

A) Spleen
B) Lymph nodes
C) Thymus
D) Tonsils
E) Appendix

Question 10

Which of the following do not produce or store the body's lymphocytes?

A) Lymphoid organs
B) Lymphoid tissue
C) Tonsils
D) Kidneys
E) Thymus and spleen

Question 11

Which of the following is the length of a lymph node?

A) 0.2 centimeter
B) 0.5 centimeter
C) 1 centimeter
D) 1.5 centimeters
E) 2.5 centimeters

Question 12

Which of the following terms describes the indented region of each lymph node?

A) Capsule
B) Hilum
C) Trabecula
D) Cortex
E) Medulla

Question 13

Which of the following are the functional units of a lymph node?

A) Follicles
B) Lymph sinuses
C) Medullary cords
D) Capsules
E) Trabeculae

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the thymus is not true?

A) It is most active during childhood.
B) It lacks B cells.
C) It has follicles similar to those in the spleen.
D) It isolates T-lymphocytes from foreign antigens.
E) It is where T-lymphocytes mature.

Question 15

Which of the following conditions causes the thymus to be abnormal or absent?

A) Cushing's syndrome
B) DiGeorge syndrome
C) AIDS
D) Paget's disease
E) Graves' disease

Question 16

Which of the following lymphatic tissues are not associated with the digestive tract?

A) Lingual tonsils
B) Peyer's patches
C) Palatine tonsils
D) Pharyngeal tonsils
E) Islets of Langerhans

Question 17

Which of the following contains lymphatic capillaries?

A) Brain
B) Spleen
C) Teeth
D) Bone marrow
E) Bones

Question 18

Which of the following cells exist in the medullary cords of the spleen?

A) Natural killer cells
B) Cytotoxic T cells
C) Suppressor T cells
D) Memory T cells
E) B cells

Question 19

Immune surveillance occurs via the action of which of the following?

A) Helper T cells
B) Lymphocytes and NK cells
C) Macrophages and lymphocytes
D) Plasma cells only
E) Cytotoxic T cells

Question 20

Which of the following is the function of thymosin?

A) Matures B-lymphocytes
B) Suppresses antigens
C) Limits antigen proliferation
D) Matures T-lymphocytes
E) Produces antibodies

Question 21

Which of the following is not related to nonspecific defenses?

A) Interferons
B) Antibodies
C) Inflammation
D) Physical barriers
E) Present at birth

Question 22

Which of the following is true about haptens?

A) They cannot stimulate an immune response by themselves.
B) They contain antibodies.
C) They provide passive humoral immunity.
D) They cannot affect immunity.
E) They contain antitoxins.

Question 23

Which of the following is the first class of antibodies secreted after an antigen arrives?

A) IgD
B) IgM
C) IgA
D) IgE
E) IgG

Question 24

Which of the following immunoglobulin groups is classified as a dimer?

A) IgM
B) IgG
C) IgD
D) IgA
E) IgE

Question 25

Antibodies bind to specific chemical targets called:

A) cytokines.
B) barriers.
C) antigens.
D) biochemicals.
E) toxins.

Question 26

Which of the following are the three major types of effector T cells?

A) Regulatory, helper, and memory T cells
B) Helper, memory, and cytotoxic T cells
C) Regulatory, helper, and cytotoxic T cells
D) Helper T, regulatory T, and plasma cells
E) Regulatory T, cytotoxic T, and plasma cells

Question 27

Which of the following fluids contains a large amount of IgA?

A) Intracellular fluid
B) Serum
C) Tears
D) Lymph
E) Blood

Question 28

AIDS interferes with the action of which of the following cells?

A) Cytotoxic T cells
B) Erythrocytes
C) Helper T cells
D) Suppressor T cells
E) Thrombocytes

Question 29

The "white pulp" of the spleen is composed of __________.

Question 30

The released of interleukin-1 by active macrophages would produce a(n) __________.

Question 31

Immunoglobulins that are single molecules and are mainly responsible for resistance against viruses, bacteria, and bacterial toxins are called __________.

Question 32

T cells are to thymus-dependent as __________ are to bone marrow-derived.

Question 33

Immunoglobulins are __________ found in body fluids.

Question 34

A(n) __________ antigen is an antigen that can trigger an immune response.

Question 35

CD4 cells usually become __________ cells that assist in activating B cells and macrophages.

Question 36

The process by which the surface of an antigen is covered with antibodies and complement, making it more likely to become phagocytized, is called __________.

Question 37

Autoantibodies function against the body's normal __________.

Question 38

Multiple sclerosis destroys the __________ of the brain and spinal cord.

Question 39

Anaphylactic shock is a fairly rare __________ hypersensitivity.

Question 40

Type IV hypersensitivities are also called __________ hypersensitivities, and are linked to T cells.

Question 41

When bone marrow from a healthy twin is transplanted into a twin who has leukemia, this procedure is called a(n) __________.

Question 42

A(n) __________ means "a graft from another person who is not an identical twin."

Question 43

__________ drugs are used to reduce tissue rejection and suppress antibody and T cell formation.

Question 44

Stem cells used in immunity originate in the liver and __________ during the first nine weeks of embryonic development.

Question 45

Plasma cells are a type of B-lymphocytes that produce __________.

Question 46

The tubal tonsils surround the opening of the auditory tubes at the __________.

Question 47

CD4 markers are to helper T cells as CD8 markers are to cytotoxic T cells.

Question 48

Opsonins are antibodies that make it easier for phagocytes to engulf their target cells.

Question 49

Inflammation is the most important process in the third line of defense.

Question 50

Dermicidin is found in the pancreas, and is toxic to bacteria.

Question 51

The classical pathway of complement is the fastest and most effective pathway.

Question 52

Histamine is released by T-lymphocytes and involves inflammation.

Question 53

Natural killer cells patrol the blood and lymph as part of immunologic surveillance.

Question 54

The plasma membranes of cancer cells contain tumor-specific antigens.

Question 55

The only parts of an antigen that are immunogenic are its antigenic determinants.

Question 56

Active humoral immunity is signified by antigens produced by T cells.

Question 57

Booster shots are immunoglobulins, used for polio and whooping cough.

Question 58

The functional units of a lymph node are the lymph nodules (follicles).

Question 59

Lymph nodes contain lymphocytes and macrophages that fight invading microorganisms.

Question 60

The thymus is relatively small in infancy and early childhood.

Question 61

A pathogen can be a virus, bacterium, fungus, or protozoan.

Question 62

T cells are precursors of B cells.

Question 63

The primary function of the lymphatic system is the production and distribution of interferons.

Question 64

Tonsils have blind-ended structures called crypts.

Question 65

The most critical cell in immunity is the helper T cell.

Question 66

Lymph capillaries are found in bone marrow and teeth.