Deck 10: Concepts of Microbial Disease

Question 1

The following are examples of relationships between organisms with the EXCEPTION of

A) mutualism.
B) parasitism.
C) miasmas.
D) symbiosis.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which type of relationship is the best for both organisms

A) mutualism.
B) parasitism.
C) miasmas.
D) symbiosis.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What type of relationship exists between lice and rats?

A) mutualism.
B) parasitism.
C) miasmas.
D) symbiosis.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Highly virulent organisms have

A) lower infectious doses.
B) higher infectious doses.
C) no infectious doses.
D) none of the above

Question 5

Which of the following is a defensive strategy?

A) adhesins
B) exotoxins
C) enzymes
D) endotoxins

Question 6

Hemolysins are enzymes that destroy

A) collagen.
B) blood clots.
C) red blood cells.
D) white blood cells.

Question 7

Which subunit of exotoxins is responsible for binding to host cells?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 8

Endotoxins are __________________ than exotoxins.

A) more toxic
B) less toxic
C) more unstable
D) more specific

Question 9

What is the second stage in the stages of microbial diseases?

A) decline
B) convalescence
C) illness
D) prodromal

Question 10

In the "illness" stage of microbial disease

A) the symptoms are vague and mild.
B) the symptoms are fully developed.
C) the symptoms begin to disappear.
D) the symptoms are completely variable.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of a disease that causes spastic paralysis?

A) tuberculosis
B) botulism
C) tetanus
D) diphtheria

Question 12

Which of the following diseases can infect humans with the lowest dose?

A) Hepatitis B.
B) Influenza
C) Measles
D) Cholera

Question 13

The relationship between termites and the protozoans in their intestines is an example of

A) mutualism.
B) commensalism.
C) parasitism.
D) miasmas.

Question 14

The M proteins of streptococci are a defense mechanism because

A) they help the bacteria adhere to the cell.
B) they protect against phagocytosis.
C) they kill the host cell by lysis.
D) they split the cell in two.

Question 15

Type of bacteria mutation when a substitution of one nucleotide is made for another.

A) Point.
B) Nonsense
C) Insertion
D) Deletion

Question 16

A) insulin
B) vitamin K
C) vitamin D
D) growth factor
E) coli enjoys a mutualistic association in the large intestine.

Question 17

Pneumocystis jiroveci is a frequent cause of death in people infected with AIDS. Pneumocystis is a

A) fungus.
B) spore.
C) bacterium.
D) virus.

Question 18

The infectious dose (ID) is the smallest for

A) cholera.
B) tuberculosis.
C) salmonella.
D) no significant differences among these three

Question 19

Adhesins for the AIDS virus are

A) suction discs.
B) pili.
C) flagella.
D) spikes.

Question 20

Enterotoxins damage

A) epidermal cells.
B) gastrointestinal lining.
C) neurons.
D) blood cells.

Question 21

Which of the following correctly describes phage nucleic acid incorporated into the bacterial chromosome?

A) prophage.
B) lysogenized.
C) parasite.
D) converted phage.

Question 22

Botulinum toxin blocks

A) contraction pathway.
B) relaxation pathway.
C) ATP production.
D) cell division.

Question 23

Lipopolysaccharide contains

A) bacterial capsules.
B) exotoxins.
C) endotoxins.
D) kinases.

Question 24

Viruses produce

A) exotoxins.
B) endotoxins.
C) defensive enzymes.
D) none of the above

Question 25

The relationship of the normal flora of the body with the host is an example of

A) a "love-hate" relationship.
B) commensalism.
C) mutualism.
D) parasitism.

Question 26

What condition is caused when
E. coli from the large intestine spreads into the abdomen?

Question 27

Name the type of bacterial mutation where one nucleotide changes in an amino acid codon leading to a stop codon
.

Question 28

Name the type of bacterial mutation where an addition of one nucleotide leads to a shift or change in the reading frame of codons

Question 29

Name the type of bacterial mutation where the deletion of one nucleotide leads to a shift or change in the reading frame.

Question 30

Name one offensive strategy used by bacteria.

Question 31

Give three examples of adhesins.

Question 32

Name a bacterial enzyme used for dissolving blood clots in patients suffering from heart attacks.

Question 33

Name the three principal types of exotoxins.

Question 34

Phage DNA incorporated into the bacterial chromosome is called __________________.

Question 35

Endotoxin is a component of molecules called ___________________.

Question 36

Name a disease that causes flaccid paralysis.

Question 37

Capsules on bacteria interfere with ___________________.

Question 38

Name an exoenzyme.

Question 39

The M protein is found in the cell walls of (name the bacteria) _____________________.

Question 40

Name a type of spreading factor.

Question 41

Name an exoenzyme that forms a clot around bacteria.

Question 42

An example of an exotoxin carried on a prophage is ___________________.

Question 43

Name the stage of disease characterized by tiredness, headache, muscle aches, and malaise.

Question 44

What term is used for those factors that allow the pathogen to overcome the host defenses?

Question 45

Explain the process and significance of phage conversion. Make sure to include the terms prophage, lysogenized, and phage conversion.

Question 46

Describe the stages of microbial disease.

Question 47

Describe the process of transformation in the mutation of bacteria.

Question 48

List and describe three defensive and three offensive strategies of bacterial virulence.