Deck 8: Viruses and Prions

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT true for viruses?

A) They are obligate intracellular parasites.
B) They are subcellular.
C) They have both DNA and RNA.
D) They have no ribosomes.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The first disease for which immunization was available was

A) malaria.
B) smallpox.
C) plague.
D) West Nile fever.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Who proved that viruses were "filterable"?

A) Jenner
B) Stanley
C) Ivanovsky
D) Schwann

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Some viruses consist of only

A) nucleic acid and a cell wall.
B) nucleic acid and a protein coat.
C) a protein coat and an envelope.
D) an envelope and nucleic acid.

Question 5

On the basis of nucleic acid content, how many categories of viruses are there?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Question 6

What is the significance of spikes?

A) They destroy bacterial cell walls.
B) They protect the virus from host defenses.
C) They help in attachment to the host cell.
D) none of the above.

Question 7

Viscerotropic viruses affect

A) internal organs.
B) the brain.
C) the nervous system.
D) the skin.

Question 8

Which is an example of a helical virus?

A) AIDS virus
B) tuberculosis
C) tobacco mosaic virus
D) none of the above

Question 9

In the release stage of viral replication

A) the virus attaches itself to the host cell.
B) the viruses exit the host cell.
C) some viruses gain their envelope.
D) both b and c.

Question 10

Why are CPEs helpful from a laboratory point of view?

A) help identify viruses
B) help in the replication of viruses
C) help in the release of viruses
D) all of the above

Question 11

Viruses released by budding gain

A) a protein coat.
B) an envelope.
C) spikes.
D) both b and c.

Question 12

The first step in the replication cycle of viruses is

A) release.
B) replication.
C) assembly.
D) adsorption.

Question 13

In 1997 a potential outbreak of influenza in ________ resulted in the slaughtering of over a million chickens.

A) Tokyo
B) London
C) Chicago
D) Hong Kong

Question 14

Evidence of smallpox was found on the body of ____________, who died in 1157 B.C.

A) Moses
B) King Tutankhamen
C) Nefertiti
D) Pharaoh Ramses V

Question 15

The first immunization made available to the public was against

A) influenza.
B) chicken pox.
C) smallpox.
D) polio.

Question 16

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of the viral replication cycle?

A) synthesis, assembly, adsorption, replication, release
B) adsorption, replication, synthesis, release
C) adsorption, penetration, replication, assembly, release
D) adsorption, penetration, synthesis, release, assembly

Question 17

The reverse of endocytosis is

A) budding.
B) fusion.
C) replication.
D) binary fission.

Question 18

Who pioneered the use of the small pox vaccination?

A) Enders
B) Jenner
C) Weller
D) Robbins

Question 19

Negri bodies are associated with

A) hantavirus.
B) encephalitis.
C) yellow fever.
D) rabies.

Question 20

Antibacterial drugs are effective against viruses.

Question 21

The nucleocapsid of a virus consists of __________________ and ___________________.

Question 22

Name two strategies by which viruses enter the host cell.

Question 23

A viral pandemic that is causing serious problems today is ___________.

Question 24

Helical viruses are _________ shaped.

Question 25

Name a neurotropic virus.

Question 26

Which group of viruses has been used extensively as a model for viral replication?

Question 27

Name three of the five steps involved in viral replication.

Question 28

What part of the virus is necessary for replication to take place?

Question 29

Name one way in which viruses are cultivated.

Question 30

Viruses are unique in that they have ______ or ________, but never both.

Question 31

Viruses that attack only bacterial cells are called _____________________.

Question 32

Antibiotic resistance is now a major public health problem; a possible alternative to the use of antibiotics is __________________ therapy.

Question 33

What does CPE stand for?

Question 34

Viruses with a piece of the of the host cell's plasma membrane covering the capsid are called _______________________________.

Question 35

_____________________ is the process in which the virion is engulfed by the host cell.

Question 36

In the abbreviation ssRNA, ss stands for _____________________________.

Question 37

An outbreak of mosquito-borne viral disease occurred in New York; the virus was ________________.

Question 38

Name the phage that has been extensively studied using Escherichia coli B as the host.

Question 39

Name an infectious agent, smaller than a virus, lacks both DNA and RNA and poses a threat.

Question 40

____________________ viruses is a new approach to kill cancer cells.

Question 41

What are some safe alternatives to cultivating viruses in animals?

Question 42

The pandemic that caused the greatest loss of human life was the __________________.

Question 43

Ivanovsky and Stanley were pioneers in virology. Discuss their contributions to virology. Include, as appropriate, the term "filterable" viruses.

Question 44

Antibiotic resistance is a major problem leading to the possibility of phage therapy. Discuss phage therapy; be certain to include the rationale for the use of phage.

Question 45

List the steps in the viral replication cycle in proper sequence; briefly identify each step.

Question 46

Provide one method for diagnosis of viral infection in humans.

Question 47

What was Stanley Prusiner's work that resulted in a Nobel Peace Prize in 1997?

Question 48

A new threat to humans is due to prions. Provide a unique feature associated with prions.