Deck 7: Bacteria

Question 1

In the binomial system

A) the genus is first followed by the species name.
B) the species is first followed by the genus name.
C) only the genus is given.
D) only the species is given.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which structure is NOT found in all bacteria?

A) nucleoid
B) ribosomes
C) cell membrane
D) cell wall

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The___________ confers resistance to the cell from the inward diffusion of water.

A) cell membrane
B) cell capsule
C) cell wall
D) cell envelope

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Bacteria can be classified as

A) gram positive.
B) gram negative.
C) a or b.
D) neither a nor b.

Question 5

All of the following are caused by spore formers EXCEPT

A) tetanus.
B) botulism.
C) gas gangrene.
D) tuberculosis.

Question 6

Cells that have a single flagellum at both poles are

A) monotrichous.
B) amphitrichous.
C) lophotrichous.
D) peritrichous.

Question 7

The order of the stages in the growth curve is

A) death, stationary, exponential, lag.
B) stationary, exponential, lag, death.
C) lag, exponential, stationary, death.
D) exponential, stationary, lag, death.

Question 8

In the stationary stage

A) the death rate is higher than the reproduction rate.
B) the death rate is lower than the reproduction rate.
C) the death rate is equal to the reproduction rate.
D) none of the above.

Question 9

Pili function in

A) adherence.
B) forming a bridge so that DNA can be transferred.
C) motility.
D) both a and c.

Question 10

The largest of the atypical bacteria are the

A) mycoplasmas.
B) halophiles.
C) rickettsiae.
D) chlamydiae.

Question 11

The generation times for bacteria

A) are all about the same.
B) vary depending on the organism.
C) vary depending on incubation temperature.
D) more than one of the above.

Question 12

___________ is caused by rickettsiae.

A) Malaria
B) Q fever
C) H fever
D) Gastroenteritis

Question 13

The first forms of life found on earth are thought to be

A) viruses.
B) protozoa.
C) algae.
D) bacteria.

Question 14

Reference: List of Key
-Responsible for Gram stain outcome

A) capsule
B) cell wall
C) cell membrane
D) pili

Question 15

Reference: List of Key
-Responsible for "gatekeeper" function

A) capsule
B) cell wall
C) cell membrane
D) pili

Question 16

Reference: List of Key
-A deterrent to phagocytosis

A) capsule
B) cell wall
C) cell membrane
D) pili

Question 17

Reference: List of Key
-Important for adhesion to host cells

A) capsule
B) cell wall
C) cell membrane
D) pili

Question 18

Reference: List of Key
-Greatest increase in cell numbers

A) lag phase
B) logarithmic growth phase
C) stationary (plateau) phase
D) death phase

Question 19

Reference: List of Key
-Overcrowding, exhaustion of nutrients, and accumulation of toxic compounds

A) lag phase
B) logarithmic growth phase
C) stationary (plateau) phase
D) death phase

Question 20

Reference: List of Key
-Period of adaptation to new growth conditions.

A) lag phase
B) logarithmic growth phase
C) stationary (plateau) phase
D) death phase

Question 21

Reference: List of Key
-Cell population doubles with each generation time.

A) lag phase
B) logarithmic growth phase
C) stationary (plateau) phase
D) death phase

Question 22

The "hanging drop" procedure is used to determine

A) motility.
B) gram stain.
C) morphology.
D) spore formation.

Question 23

Which organism has the longest generation time?

A) Escherichia coli
B) Staphylococcus aureus
C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D) Clostridium botulinum

Question 24

The mechanism of action of penicillin is that it interferes with the bacterium's ability to synthesize

A) the capsule.
B) the cell membrane.
C) the cell wall.
D) flagella.

Question 25

"Ropy milk" is due to the production of excess

A) cell wall material.
B) flagella.
C) capsular material.
D) pili.

Question 26

Comma-shaped bacteria are called_________.

Question 27

The binomial system of nomenclature was established by _______________.

Question 28

Antibiotics like penicillin interfere with the bacterium's ability to synthesize a ________.

Question 29

Cell walls are composed of _____________, which serves as a backbone and confers
rigidity.

Question 30

Antibiotic resistance can be conferred by structures other than chromosomes, called ________________.

Question 31

Name a disease caused by a spore former.

Question 32

______________ is the process of moving toward or away from a chemical stimulus.

Question 33

Coccus-shaped bacteria are arranged in chains called _____________________________.

Question 34

The stage in which there is an explosion of growth is called ______________.

Question 35

Give a reason why bacterial cells do not continue to reproduce infinitely in a test tube culture.

Question 36

Bacteria that do not have cell walls are called _____________.

Question 37

_________________ are a specific type of pili that function as a bridge allowing for DNA transfer.

Question 38

Spore-forming bacteria without spores are called _____________.

Question 39

Name two structures that are found in the cytoplasm.

Question 40

A blood agar plate would be used to establish the diagnosis of ____________________.

Question 41

In the laboratory, bacteria are grown on agar dishes called ______________ dishes.

Question 42

Antibiotic sensitivity is determined by streaking an agar plate with a culture specimen and examining for zones of _______________________.

Question 43

Anne Frank died in a German concentration camp of the disease ______________________.

Question 44

Name the protein found in flagella.

Question 45

Name the three types of atypical bacteria and explain what distinguishes them from typical bacteria and from each other.

Question 46

Explain the relationship among these three terms: capsule, phagocytosis, and virulence.

Question 47

Bacterial flagella are arranged in four different patterns. Name these patterns and illustrate each with a diagram.

Question 48

Plasmids are described as "infectious." Explain this with regard to antibiotic resistance and illustrate with a diagram.

Question 49

Draw a "composite" picture of a bacterial cell and indicate which structures are not found in bacterial cell walls.