Deck 1: The Big Picture

Question 1

Which of the following is not one of the big ideas in computing discussed in Chapter 1?

A) Abstraction
B) The Internet
C) Visualization
D) Global Impact
E) Creativity

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Charles Babbage invented which of the following early computing devices?

A) Analytical engine
B) Memory drum
C) Transistor
D) Vacuum tube
E) Abacus

Answer 2

A

Question 3

In which hardware generation were integrated circuits introduced?

A) First
B) Second
C) Third
D) Fourth

Answer 3

C

Question 4

In which software generation were the FORTRAN and COBOL languages developed?

A) First
B) Second
C) Third
D) Fourth
E) Fifth

Question 5

The abacus was the world's first electronic digital computer.

Question 6

The transistor ushered in the second generation of commercial computers.

Question 7

A computer that has a parallel architecture uses multiple central processing units.

Question 8

The personal computer was introduced in the fourth generation of computer hardware.

Question 9

An embedded system describes computing technology that has been enclosed in protective shielding for security reasons.

Question 10

_______________ has been considered an astronomical calendar, a temple, and a predictor of lunar eclipses.

Question 11

FORTRAN and COBOL are two of the earliest _______________ programming languages.

Question 12

In the earliest electronic computers, programmers had to write machine language code expressed as _______________ digits.

Question 13

The computer's operating system and language translators are generally known as _______________.

Question 14

What is timesharing?

Question 15

Describe the innermost layer of a computing system.

Question 16

What is a Turing machine?

Question 17

What is a computer terminal?

Question 18

What is computer software?

Question 19

What is the focus of the application layer of a computer system?

Question 20

What is Miller's law?

Question 21

Name two major events that mark the beginning of the fifth software generation.

Question 22

Which of the following terms best describes circuit boards, keyboards, and disk drives?

A) Computing system
B) Computer hardware
C) Computer software
D) Stored memory
E) Native system tools

Question 23

In which decade was the first generation of computers developed?

A) 1930s
B) 1940s
C) 1950s
D) 1960s
E) 1970s

Question 24

Who designed the first mechanical machine that included memory?

A) Leibniz
B) Pascal
C) Babbage
D) Lovelace
E) Hollerith

Question 25

Which of the following is an application package?

A) FORTRAN
B) Assembly language
C) C++
D) Object-oriented program
E) Word processor

Question 26

What is the name of a solid piece of silicon that contains transistors, other components, and their connections?

A) Workstation
B) Server
C) Integrated circuit
D) Motherboard
E) Magnetic disk

Question 27

Which of the following is a technique for isolating program pieces by eliminating the ability for one piece to access information in another?

A) Information hiding
B) Integration
C) Layering
D) Bottom-up approach
E) Miller's Law

Question 28

Which of the following are tiny doughnut-shaped devices that could each store one bit of information in second-generation computer memory?

A) Vacuum tubes
B) Magnetic cores
C) Magnetic drums
D) Integrated circuits
E) Silicon chips

Question 29

In 1973, what did Robert Metcalfe and David Boggs invent that uses a cheap coaxial cable to connect computers into a network?

A) Parallel architectures
B) Personal computers
C) Ethernet
D) Integrated circuits
E) The Internet

Question 30

An abstraction is a mental model that removes or hides complex details.

Question 31

Ada Augusta, Countess of Lovelace, is credited with being the first programmer.

Question 32

A vacuum tube was a device used in the first generation of computers to link computers together into a network.

Question 33

The topic areas in the 1989 computer science curriculum model are the same as those in the 2001 model.

Question 34

Computer software is a collection of programs that provides the instructions that a computer carries out.

Question 35

The most prestigious award given in computer science is called the Fields Medal.

Question 36

A computer with a parallel architecture uses multiple transistors to solve a problem.

Question 37

An algorithm allows us to develop and express solutions to problems.

Question 38

Which of the following best describes the concept of abstraction?

A) Exposing difficulty
B) Hiding quantity
C) Exposing distance
D) Hiding details
E) Exposing representation

Question 39

Which of the following phrases best describes a Turing machine?

A) A device for integrating many chips on one circuit board
B) An abstract mathematical model of computing
C) The first electronic digital computer
D) The first successful memory storage device
E) The first computer capable of network communication

Question 40

Who is credited with being the first programmer?

A) Leibniz
B) Pascal
C) Babbage
D) Lovelace
E) Hollerith

Question 41

What machine is considered by many to be the first all-programmable electronic digital computer?

A) Analytical Engine
B) Colossus
C) ENIAC
D) UNIVAC I
E) Z1

Question 42

What is the purpose of a compiler?

A) Translate machine language into assembly language
B) Translate high-level language into machine language
C) Translate FORTRAN into COBOL
D) Translate machine language into FORTRAN
E) Translate application programs into system programs

Question 43

Large-scale integration is the process of using multiple input devices on a single computer.

Question 44

An assembler translates assembly-language programs into machine code.

Question 45

High-level languages were introduced during the fourth generation of computer software.

Question 46

Object-oriented design is currently the dominant approach for large programming projects.

Question 47

Miller's Law states that a human being can actively manage about _______________ pieces of information in short-term memory at one time.

Question 48

The eighteenth-century device that used cards with holes punched in them to dictate the design of woven cloth was known as _______________.

Question 49

_______________ is considered by many to be the first all-programmable electronic digital computer.

Question 50

John Bardeen, Walter H. Brattain, and William B. Shockley won a Nobel Prize for inventing the _______________.

Question 51

_______________ created a buffer between the programmer and the machine hardware by the end of the first generation of computer software.

Question 52

List four of the seven big ideas of computing discussed in Chapter 1.