Deck 19: Nuclear Chemistry

Question 1

A b particle has the same mass as a

A) Proton
B) Neutron
C) Positron
D) a and b
E) b and c

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following symbols also represents a b particle?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E) None of the above

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following has the greatest mass?

A) a particle
B) b particle
C) proton
D) neutron

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The dalton is equal to the mass:

A) ¹²C/(12*N_A)
B) 1 amu
C) 1 ¹²C atom
D) a and b
E) b and c

Question 5

A short-lived negatively charged proton is called

A) a neutrino
B) an antiproton
C) a gamma particle
D) a negatron

Question 6

Which of the following is specific to radiation dosage in humans?

A) rad
B) rem
C) gray
D) sievert

Question 7

²⁰⁶Tl decays by emitting a a particle. What nuclide is produced?

A) ²¹⁰Bi
B) ²⁰²Bi
C) ²⁰²Au
D) ²¹⁰Au

Question 8

²¹⁰Pb decays by emitting a b particle. What nuclide is produced?

A) ²¹⁰Tl
B) ²¹⁰Bi
C) ²¹⁰Hg
D) ²¹⁰Pb

Question 9

²²²Rn decays by emitting an a particle. What nuclide is produced?

A) ²¹⁸Po
B) ²¹⁸Ra
C) ²²⁶Ra
D) ²²⁶Po

Question 10

¹¹C is often used in PET diagnostic equipment. What nuclide is produced in this decay process?

A) ¹³C
B) ¹²C
C) ¹¹B
D) ¹¹N

Question 11

^99mTc decays to ⁹⁹Tc by what decay process?

A) a emission
B) b emission
C) g emission
D) b⁺ emission
E) none of the above

Question 12

¹²⁷Xe can decay to ¹²⁷I. What type of decay process could produce this result?

A) b emission
B) g emission
C) b⁺ emission
D) electron capture
E) b and e
F) d and e
G) none of the above

Question 13

The mass of a ³He atom is 3.01602931 u. Thus Dm for the formation of one ³He nucleus is

A) -0.0303766 u
B) -0.0082857 u
C) -0.0110625 u
D) -0.0096741 u
E) none of the above

Question 14

In the formation of the ¹⁰Be nucleus, Dm= -0.0697546 u. This corresponds to a nuclear bonding energy of

A) 6.269×10⁹ kJ·mol^-1
B) 649.7 MeV per atom
C) 64.97 MeV per atom
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 15

The mass of a ⁴⁰Ca atom is 39.962591 u. Calculate the nuclear binding energy for this atom in MeV.

A) 34.8 MeV
B) 332 MeV
C) 342 MeV
D) 319 MeV
E) None of the above

Question 16

Exhibit 19-1
The following question(s) pertain to a 0.25 gram sample of the ³²P nuclide which has a half life of 14.28 days and a specific activity of 1.07×10¹⁶ Bq·g^-1.
Refer to Exhibit 19-1. What is the value of the decay constant k?

A) 7.00×10^-2 d^-1
B) 2.11×10^-2 d^-1
C) 4.85×10^-2 d^-1
D) 9.70×10^-2 d^-1

Question 17

Exhibit 19-1
The following question(s) pertain to a 0.25 gram sample of the ³²P nuclide which has a half life of 14.28 days and a specific activity of 1.07×10¹⁶ Bq·g^-1.
Refer to Exhibit 19-1. What is the activity of the 0.25 gram sample initially?

A) 1.07×10¹⁶ Bq
B) 2.68×10¹⁵ Bq
C) 4.28×10¹⁶ Bq
D) 5.33×10¹⁵ Bq

Question 18

Exhibit 19-1
The following question(s) pertain to a 0.25 gram sample of the ³²P nuclide which has a half life of 14.28 days and a specific activity of 1.07×10¹⁶ Bq·g^-1.
Refer to Exhibit 19-1. What is the activity of the 0.25 gram sample after 30 days?

A) 6.26×10¹⁴ Bq
B) 2.50×10¹⁵ Bq
C) 1.42×10¹⁵ Bq
D) 1.42×10¹⁴ Bq

Question 19

Exhibit 19-1
The following question(s) pertain to a 0.25 gram sample of the ³²P nuclide which has a half life of 14.28 days and a specific activity of 1.07×10¹⁶ Bq·g^-1.
Refer to Exhibit 19-1. How long will it take for the activity of the 0.25 g sample to fall below 1 Ci? (1 Ci=3.7×10¹⁰ Bq)

A) 190 days
B) 217 days
C) 231 days
D) 259 days

Question 20

Exhibit 19-2
The following question(s) pertain to a 450 gram sample of ⁶⁰Co recovered from a decommissioned nuclear reactor. An activity of 1.11×10¹³ Bq was measured by technicians dismantling the plant.
Refer to Exhibit 19-2. The activity of the sample was measured a year later and found to be 9.73×10¹² Bq. What is the decay constant?

A) 0.132 d^-1
B) 0.0572 d^-1
C) 3.12 d^-1
D) 0.319 d^-1

Question 21

Exhibit 19-2
The following question(s) pertain to a 450 gram sample of ⁶⁰Co recovered from a decommissioned nuclear reactor. An activity of 1.11×10¹³ Bq was measured by technicians dismantling the plant.
Refer to Exhibit 19-2. What is the half life of the ⁶⁰Co?

A) 1.43 years
B) 2.17 years
C) 4.51 years
D) 5.26 years

Question 22

Exhibit 19-2
The following question(s) pertain to a 450 gram sample of ⁶⁰Co recovered from a decommissioned nuclear reactor. An activity of 1.11×10¹³ Bq was measured by technicians dismantling the plant.
Refer to Exhibit 19-2. If the specific activity of ⁶⁰Co is 4.07×10¹³ Bq·g^-1, how long had the ⁶⁰Co been in the plant?

A) 2 years
B) 23 years
C) 44 years
D) 56 years

Question 23

Exhibit 19-2
The following question(s) pertain to a 450 gram sample of ⁶⁰Co recovered from a decommissioned nuclear reactor. An activity of 1.11×10¹³ Bq was measured by technicians dismantling the plant.
Refer to Exhibit 19-2. How long from the day it was removed from the plant will it take for the activity of the 450 gram sample to fall below 1 Ci? (1 Ci=3.7×10¹⁰ Bq)

A) 11 years
B) 26 years
C) 43 years
D) 95 years

Question 24

Which of the following can be used as radiation detectors?

A) Photographic film
B) Geiger counters
C) Scintillators
D) b and d
E) a and b
F) all of the above
G) none of the above

Question 25

Radioactive decay can be thought of as a ______ order process in kinetics.

A) zeroth
B) first
C) second
D) fractional
E) none of the above

Question 26

Transuranic elements are produced in the process of

A) nuclear fission
B) nuclear fusion
C) hydrogen burning
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 27

Nuclear power plants produce electricity by carefully controlling the process of

A) nuclear fission
B) nuclear fusion
C) hydrogen burning
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 28

Moderators are used

A) to slow down high energy positrons in chain reactions
B) to slow down high energy neutrons in chain reactions
C) quench the production of a particles
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 29

One gram of the carbon in modern wood charcoal displays an activity of 15.3 disintegrations per minute. If the half-life of the ¹⁴C is 5730 years, how many ¹⁴C atoms are there in 1.00 g of charcoal?

A) 1.11×10⁹
B) 4.61×10¹⁰
C) 6.65×10¹⁰
D) 4.00×10¹²

Question 30

The specific activity of ¹⁴C in the biosphere is 0.255 Bq·g^-1 with a half life of 5730 years. What is the age of a piece of Egyptian papyrus that has a specific activity of 0.156 Bq·g^-1?

A) 2820 years
B) 3510 years
C) 4060 years
D) 5860 years

Question 31

Which of the following is not a charged species?

A) particle
B) particle
C) particle
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 32

Nuclides with the same mass number but with different numbers of protons and neutrons are called

A) isotopes
B) isotones
C) isomers
D) isobars
E) isoclines

Question 33

What is the result of a collision between an electron and a positron?

A) a quark
B) a neutrino
C) rays
D) x-rays
E) all of the above are possible