Deck 34: Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Question 1

Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome follows what type of treatment?

A)certain antibiotic agents for severe infection
B)human growth factors such as CSF-GM
C)corticosteroid agents for immune disorders
D)chemotherapy and radiation for cancer

Answer 1

chemotherapy and radiation for cancer

Question 2

All of the following are useful for determining prognosis for patients with the myelodysplastic syndromes except

A)degree of anemia
B)cytogenetic findings
C)number of cytopenias
D)percent blast cells in the bone marrow

Answer 2

degree of anemia

Question 3

What red cell morphology is expected in the myelodysplastic syndromes?

A)oval macrocytes
B)dimorphic
C)hypochromic, microcytic
D)any of the above

Answer 3

any of the above

Question 4

What treatment for the myelodysplastic syndromes has the best chance for cure in these patients?

A)corticosteroid agents
B)chemotherapy
C)bone marrow transplant
D)vitamins and hormones

Question 5

Which of the following is a common feature of the myelodysplastic syndromes?

A)peripheral blasts between 5% and 20%
B)progressive cytopenias and dyspoiesis in one or more cell lines
C)macrocytic red cells and leukocytosis
D)low mean cell volume (MCV) and thrombocytopenia

Question 6

Which of the following is a typical finding in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia?

A)thrombocytosis
B)leukopenia
C)10% to 15% blasts in the peripheral blood
D)absolute monocytosis

Question 7

Myelodysplastic syndromes sometimes share similar peripheral and bone marrow cellularity with all of the following except

A)vitamin B12 deficiency
B)aplastic anemia
C)acute leukemia
D)folate deficiency

Question 8

Which of following is an expected finding in myelodysplastic syndromes?

A)ringed sideroblasts in the bone marrow and siderocytes in the blood
B)thrombocytosis and leukocytosis
C)increased number of morphologically normal red cells
D)dysmyelopoiesis but normal red cell precursors in the bone marrow

Question 9

What is the major change the WHO made to the classifications of the myelodysplastic syndromes?

A)dropped the 5q syndrome from myelodysplastic syndromes
B)reduced the percentage of blasts required for the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia from 30% to 20%
C)recognized acute myeloid leukemia as one of the myelodysplastic syndromes
D)created a new classification placing refractory anemia and the myeloproliferative disorders together

Question 10

Cell dysfunction in the myelodysplastic syndromes may be present in

A)red cells
B)granulocytes
C)platelets
D)all of the above

Question 11

Which of the following is true regarding the clinical course of the myelodysplastic syndromes?

A)The course is variable based on cell counts and type of myelodysplastic syndrome.
B)Most patients survive an average of 10 years with minimal symptoms.
C)It has an aggressive course with most patients succumbing to infection in less than 1 year.
D)All cases convert to acute leukemia.

Question 12

On what does the World Health Organization (WHO)base its classification for the myelodysplastic syndromes?

A)cell morphology
B)molecular analysis
C)cytogenetics
D)all of the above

Question 13

Which of the following is typical in the peripheral blood in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome?

A)lymphocytosis
B)plasma cells
C)hypogranular or agranular neutrophils
D)low levels of vitamin B12 or folate

Question 14

What is the cause of myelodysplastic syndromes?

A)decreased apoptosis
B)are inherited disorders
C)proliferation of mutated myeloid cells
D)Epstein-Barr virus

Question 15

Which of the following would be an unexpected finding in myelodysplastic syndrome with a deletion of 5q?

A)refractory anemia
B)thrombocytosis
C)less than 1% blasts in peripheral blood
D)Auer rods

Question 16

What test is most important in distinguishing one myelodysplastic syndrome from another?

A)white blood count
B)percentage of blasts in the bone marrow
C)red cell morphology and MCV
D)presence of ringed sideroblasts in the peripheral blood