Deck 4: Measuring Reproductive Health

Question 1

Which of these is not a challenge for measuring reproductive health?

A) Reproductive health is related to sex.
B) Reproductive health ignored due to women's low status in many locales.
C) Universal definitions and uniform measures are used throughout the world.
D) Data collection for reproductive health differs from ongoing vital registration systems.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

When one discusses the number of people who are currently HIV positive regardless of when they contracted the infection, one is referring to the ___________ of HIV.

A) Cause-specific mortality
B) Prevalence
C) Incidence
D) Fecundity.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Approximately what percentage of fecund, sexually-active, reproductive-age women or couples will become pregnant in a year's time if no method of contraception is used?

A) 25
B) 45
C) 65
D) 85

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The proximate determinants of fertility do not include

A) The proportion of women who cannot conceive a pregnancy.
B) The level of abortion.
C) The number of women using contraception.
D) The number of women working full-time.

Question 5

The country with the highest rate of male condom use is

A) Italy
B) Spain
C) France
D) Japan

Question 6

Fecundity refers to

A) A woman's physiologic capacity to reproduce.
B) The number of births a woman has actually had.
C) The number of times a woman has been pregnant.
D) Whether or not a woman or couple is using contraception.

Question 7

The World Health Organization recommends that ___ percent of births should be delivered by cesarean section.

A) 5-7
B) 10-15
C) 20-25
D) 30-35

Question 8

Data for measuring for measuring reproductive health are drawn from

A) Censuses
B) Vital registration systems
C) Population-based studies
D) Service statistics
E) All of the above.

Question 9

The rate at which people contracted the human papillomavirus (HPV) last year is a measure of the

A) Incidence
B) Prevalence
C) Cost effectiveness
D) Present value

Question 10

The TFR is highest in which of the following?

A) Africa
B) Asia
C) Latin America
D) Oceania

Question 11

The teenage birth rate

A) Measures the fecundity of women 15-19 years of age.
B) Measures the number of births to women 15-19 years of age in a 10-year period.
C) Is an age-specific fertility rate.
D) Takes into account the maternal mortality of adolescent women.

Question 12

The discrepancy between perfect use and typical use is the greatest for the following contraceptive method.

A) Norplant (contraceptive implant placed under skin by a doctor, nurse, or other health practitioner)
B) Depo Provera (contraceptive injection)
C) Intrauterine device (inserted by a doctor, nurse, or other health practitioner)
D) Male condom

Question 13

The IUD has the highest percentage use in which continent?

A) Europe
B) Asia
C) Africa
D) Latin America

Question 14

Maternal mortality ratios are highest in

A) Sub-Saharan Africa
B) Latin America
C) Asia
D) North Africa and the Middle East

Question 15

In the United States, the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology are reported to

A) The Internal Revenue Service
B) The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
C) The state attorney general's office
D) The Institute of Medicine

Question 16

Of the more than 350,000 maternal deaths that occur each year, about _______ occur in developing countries.

A) 75%
B) 90%
C) 99%
D) 58%

Question 17

Throughout the world, maternal mortality ratios are similar.

Question 18

The poorest, least educated, and rural women have the lowest rates of contraception in sub-Saharan Africa.

Question 19

The birth control pill is a dominant method in every region except Asia, where the IUD is particularly popular.

Question 20

The abortion rate in the U.S. has been increasing over the last three decades.

Question 21

The Demographic and Health Survey measures fertility intentions in the United States.

Question 22

In regions with more gender inequality, male sterilization is considerably less common than female sterilization.

Question 23

10-15 per cent of all known pregnancies result in miscarriage.

Question 24

Dual protection refers to taking two birth control pills nightly instead of one.

Question 25

The abortion ratio takes fertility rates into account.

Question 26

Pregnancies can end in four ways-through live birth, miscarriage, abortion, or stillbirth.

Question 27

The vast majority of stillbirths occur in high income countries where mothers are older.

Question 28

A maternal death is the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of the termination of the pregnancy (through birth, miscarriage or abortion) due to causes related to or aggravated by pregnancy.

Question 29

Globally, only a small fraction of reproductive health outcomes occur in health facilities where they can be easily recorded.

Question 30

Unsafe abortion is a major contributing factor to global maternal deaths.