Deck 13: Population and Reproductive Health Policies

Question 1

Population policy interventions include

A) Availability of information
B) Laws and regulations
C) Taxation and subsidy mechanisms
D) Direct investments, including the offer of services.
E) All of the above.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

The first organized attempts in population policy tried to address

A) High levels of mortality.
B) Unmet need for family planning services.
C) The implosion of the Eastern European population.
D) Rapid population growth.
E) None of the above.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The first decennial United Nations conference on population was held in ______in 1974.

A) Bucharest
B) Mexico City
C) Cairo
D) New York City
E) None of the above.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

This United Nations (UN) conference was the first to establish that individuals and couples have the right to freely and responsibly decide the number and spacing of their children.

A) 1968 International Conference on Human Rights in Tehran.
B) 1974 Conference on Population and Development
C) 1984 Conference on Population and Development
D) 1994 Conference on Population and Development
E) 1995 Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing.

Question 5

Which of these international assistance organizations is most important for supplying contraceptives?

A) World Bank
B) UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund)
C) USAID (United States Agency for International Development)
D) European Union

Question 6

Signs that population could return to the forefront of global concerns include

A) Increasing recognition of the linkages between demographic factors and important international concerns, such as mitigating climate change, alleviating poverty and reducing inequity.
B) Deliberations about the demographic dividend (and other linkages between age structure and economic growth) at major economic development institutions, such as the World Bank and the African Development Bank.
C) Discussions and analyses surrounding the post-2015 development agenda replacing the MDGs.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 7

While there is apparently an emerging consensus about the need to provide family planning services to the world's underserved populations, critical elements for attaining that goal are missing. Which of the following elements below pose a barrier to this goal?

A) Little or no sense of time urgency on the part of international policymakers.
B) Weak country leadership
C) Little coordination between the myriad development actors and stakeholders.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 8

Which of these countries is not a major donor to UNFPA?

A) Netherlands
B) Japan
C) The Nordic countries
D) Germany
E) Belgium

Question 9

Which of these conferences reinstated the central role of women in development?

A) 1984 Conference on Population and Development
B) 1995 Beijing Conference
C) 1992 Earth Summit
D) 1974 Conference on Population and Development

Question 10

Both the International Planned Parenthood Federation and the Population Council were formed in 1992.

Question 11

Thus far in international climate change policy discussions, the role of population is seldom considered.

Question 12

Global support for HIV/AIDS has diverted funding away from population and reproductive health.

Question 13

About 60% of the world's population live in countries where women have at least 4 children on average.

Question 14

An estimated 222 million women, who want to avoid pregnancy, do not use an effective method of contraception.

Question 15

From the beginning, the World Health Organization led global efforts to promote family planning programs.

Question 16

The U.S. role in international population has diminished in recent decades.

Question 17

Because of their political sensitivity, reproductive rights were initially left out of the Millenium Development Goals (MDGs).

Question 18

Today, the countries of the world are more demographically more similar than ever before.

Question 19

In recent decades, the international policy climate has not been conducive for decisive action on population and reproductive health issues.

Question 20

By 2050, nearly a third of the world's population will live in urban areas.

Question 21

The 1995 World Summit for Social Development held in Copenhagen reinstated women's central role in development.

Question 22

Both major political parties in the United States agree on issues related to international population and reproductive health assistance.

Question 23

The purpose of the 2012 London Summit of family planning was to raise pledges of approximately US $4 billion to provide family planning services to 120 million women through 2020.

Question 24

Nearly half of the world's population lives in countries that have reached replacement level or lower fertility.

Question 25

The United States reversed its longstanding population policy in 1984.

Question 26

By the time it implemented the One Child Policy in 1979, China's fertility had already declined to less than three children per woman.

Question 27

What are the five key elements that belong to any effective reproductive health program?

Question 28

What are the three different population policy paradigms and when did they occur?

Question 29

In his discussion of the aftermath of the London Summit on Family Planning, the author elucidates crucial elements appear necessary for the renewed efforts on family planning to succeed. Discuss at least three of these elements and why it is important for successful family planning efforts.

Question 30

Why did the implementation of the Cairo Agenda fall short?