Deck 12: End of the Life Course: Social Support, Public Policy, and Dying Well

Question 1

Who provides most of the care received by older adults?

A) Family
B) Publicly-funded care facilities
C) Privately-funded caregivers
D) Non-profit organizations

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a changing demographic or social trend that results in people being less able to look after their aging relatives directly?

A) Shorter life expectancy
B) Higher fertility rates
C) More childless marriages
D) Lower divorce rates

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is not a question surrounding the issue of social support?

A) Who should provide care?
B) What type of care and how much should be provided in the family home and by whom?
C) Do men or women provide the best care?
D) Who should pay for home care?

Answer 3

C

Question 4

What type of support is provided in the home or community by family, friends, neighbours, or volunteers?

A) Flexible support
B) Unintentional support
C) Casual support
D) Informal support

Question 5

Who tends to be the primary caregivers of elderly family members?

A) Sons
B) Daughters
C) Grandchildren
D) Siblings

Question 6

Which of the following statements is false?

A) More women than men aged 65 and older and living in the community, receive care.
B) Family caregivers usually include daughters or daughter-in-laws.
C) People who live in rural areas generally receive more help from community members.
D) Indigenous peoples prefer government support services over family assistance.

Question 7

Which of the following represent the most burdensome cases of caregiving?

A) Persons with an acute injury
B) Persons with a chronic illness
C) Persons with dementia
D) Persons with mobility limitations

Question 8

Which of the following is a subjective component of caregiver burden?

A) A loss of sleep
B) A change in employment status
C) Financial difficulties
D) Feelings of guilt

Question 9

What type of support is provided to dependent and frail adults by public and private agencies in the home or in an institution by trained volunteers or professional health- and social-care workers?

A) Organized support
B) Funded support
C) Structured support
D) Formal support

Question 10

Which of the following does not contribute to the level of stress experienced by an adult child caring for aging parents?

A) The caregiver's speed of learning
B) The type and degree of the older person's impairment
C) The availability of financial support
D) The older person's personality and demands

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of employer-based support services for an aging population?

A) Respite services
B) Professional visits
C) Information and referral services
D) Flextime

Question 12

Which group of older people are not main users of formal services?

A) Frail couples living in their home
B) Those who live alone
C) Men
D) Those over 75 years of age with poor self-reported health

Question 13

Which of the following is not a common reason for avoiding community services?

A) A desire to remain independent or dependent on a spouse, child, or friend
B) Knowledge about the availability of formal services
C) A denial that services are needed
D) A fear of having strangers in the home

Question 14

Which system was established in Canada in the early 1990s to relieve overburdened hospitals and long-term-care facilities, as well as overburdened or untrained informal caregivers?

A) Intensive care
B) Home care
C) Palliative care
D) Respite care

Question 15

Which of the following provides temporary supervision or care by professionals so that a primary caregiver can take a daily, weekend, or vacation break from the routine, responsibility, and burden of caregiving?

A) Home care
B) Respite care
C) Intensive care
D) Palliative care

Question 16

Which of the following group is not typical of home-care clients?

A) Men over the age of 65
B) Older adults with acute conditions
C) Older adults with low levels of assessed complex needs
D) Older adults who experience pain and/or depression

Question 17

Most abuse and neglect of elders is committed by whom?

A) A family member
B) A stranger or acquaintance
C) A doctor or nurse
D) A social worker or counsellor

Question 18

Which of the following authorizes an agent, usually a spouse or adult child, to act on behalf of an individual with regard to financial matters?

A) Living will
B) Durable power of attorney
C) Guardianship
D) Medical power of attorney

Question 19

Nancy's longtime neighbor and good friend Jill doesn't trust herself to take care of her finances and make important decisions about her affairs anymore. Jill asks Nancy if she will sign some legal documents to state that Nancy can make decisions on her behalf if the need arises. For instance, depending on the agreement, Nancy would be able to financial, health care and/or medical decisions if Jill were incapable of doing so. What is Jill assigning to Nancy?

A) Elder custodianship
B) Guardianship
C) Joint access
D) Power of attorney

Question 20

Which country has legalized euthanasia?

A) United Kingdom
B) Australia
C) Germany
D) Canada

Question 21

In Canada, which of the following patients is eligible for medical assistance in dying?

A) A 15-year-old boy with an inoperable brain tumour
B) A 42-year-old woman with end-stage breast cancer
C) A 67-year-old man in a persistent vegetative state
D) A 80-year-old woman with advanced Alzheimer's disease

Question 22

Which of the following is not a difficult moral or ethical question raised by the practice of euthanasia?

A) Should it be used only for physical and not for mental illnesses?
B) Who should be involved in the decision to end a life: the individual, the family, a guardian, a physician, a religious figure?
C) Should doctors receive specialized training in administering such drugs once the decision is reached?
D) Should it be available only for a terminal illness and only when the quality of life deteriorates beyond a defined point?

Question 23

Which of the following is designed for those with a terminal illness who need relief from pain and other symptoms, such as loss of appetite, nausea, incontin?ence, and breathing difficulties?

A) Home care
B) Critical care
C) Acute care
D) Palliative care

Question 24

Which of the following is true about the meaning of death in different cultural contexts?

A) It is socially constructed.
B) It is biologically determined.
C) It is universal and unchanging.
D) It is dictated by the state.

Question 25

Which of the following public agencies or departments is not responsible for the needs of older adults?

A) Employment and Social Development Canada
B) Health Canada
C) Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada
D) Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions

Question 26

Most care received by older adults is provided by family sources.

Question 27

Serial, or one-way, exchanges of resources generally involve a downward flow of assistance from the older generation to a younger generation.

Question 28

Regulations and laws are increasing the risk of abuse and provide little protection for residents of institutional care facilities.

Question 29

For aging adults, the ideal support system involves different sources, formal and informal, pro?viding a combination of emotional, psychological, and instrumental help when and where it is needed.

Question 30

The most important predictor of who would share a home with an elderly parent was the quality of the adult child's relationship with his or her parent.

Question 31

A recurring debate involves the extent to which elder care is a private trouble or a public issue.

Question 32

Family caregivers usually include daughters or daughters-in-law.

Question 33

Increasingly, more men are involved as the primary caregivers for elderly relatives.

Question 34

The cost of caregiving can be financial, emotional, and psychological.

Question 35

The financial costs of informal caregiving are easy to estimate.

Question 36

The use of formal services by older adults is quite high.

Question 37

Hospice care provides temporary supervision or care by professionals so that a primary caregiver can take a daily, weekend, or vacation break from the routine, responsibility, and burden of caregiving.

Question 38

Respite care provides permanent supervision or care by professionals.

Question 39

Elder abuse was first exposed in the late 1980s.

Question 40

Older adults may engage in self-neglect or self-abuse that threatens their own safety and health.

Question 41

Older adults tend to over-report their experiences with fraud.

Question 42

Traditional intervention strategies to prevent and/or stop elder abuse are less successful in multicultural settings, where cultural or ethnic differences in values, traditions, beliefs, and language make it difficult for an outside professional worker to intervene.

Question 43

Dying and death is a family experience.

Question 44

The person assigned by an older adult to make decisions on their behalf if the need arises has power of attorney.

Question 45

Euthanasia and assisted suicide are illegal in Canada.

Question 46

Most palliative care facilities are dedicated to those dying of cancer or AIDS.

Question 47

Bereavement groups have been shown to be ineffective when dealing with loss.

Question 48

The cost of a funeral, an administration fee, and a casket or urn, plus a burial plot, is usually less than $2,000.

Question 49

The issue of who is responsible for the welfare of older adults is uncomplicated because there is a clear structure of government in Canada.

Question 50

The apocalyptic view of public policy argues that population aging means we can no longer finance all the health, social, and economic benefits that older adults need.

Question 51

What is the integrated continuum-of-care model? What does it include?

Question 52

What are the major factors influencing patterns of informal support?

Question 53

Is there reciprocity in terms of social support over the life course? Support your answer.

Question 54

What are the visible components of caregiver burden?

Question 55

What are the challenges of caregiving for a spouse?

Question 56

What is formal support? What are the recent trends in formal support?

Question 57

What are some of the reasons that older adults do not use formal services in the community?

Question 58

How can we assist caregivers?

Question 59

What is respite care and why is it important?

Question 60

What is an "integrated continuum of care"? What are its advantages?

Question 61

What is meant by elder abuse and neglect? How is it measured?

Question 62

What is meant by self-neglect or self-abuse among older adults?

Question 63

According to the literature, what do we know about the prevalence of elder abuse?

Question 64

How can we prevent abuse and neglect among older persons?

Question 65

What are advance directives and why are they important?

Question 66

How have attitudes towards euthanasia changed over time?

Question 67

What is Bill C-14 and what does it cover?

Question 68

What is palliative care and what role does it play in aging?

Question 69

How is death socially constructed?

Question 70

What is bereavement and how does it relate to grief and mourning?

Question 71

Why is the issue of who is responsible for the welfare of older adults complicated?

Question 72

How can the services and programs provided under a policy create social equality or produce positive outcomes?

Question 73

What are five criteria that policies and programs for older adults should meet to be effective?

Question 74

What kinds of economic and social questions fuel the debate about whether the needs of older people should be viewed as a "private trouble" of the individual or a "public issue" facing society?