Deck 15: Weighing in on the Evidence

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process in which nurses make clinical decisions based on the best available research integrated with patient preferences, values, and circumstances?

A) Research evaluation
B) Research analysis
C) Clinical collaboration
D) Evidence-based nursing

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following factors is the most influential on a nurse's decision to adopt a specific innovation in practice?

A) Conflict among healthcare providers
B) A large number of alternative innovations
C) Reduction of uncertainty
D) Reliance on trial and error

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What is occurring when a nurse is presented with an innovative technique for administering medication to pediatric patients based on a new research study, but the nurse doesn't have the time to investigate the research study and simply continues to keep administering medication to pediatric patients in the same manner that the nurse has always used?

A) Active rejection
B) Acquiring evidence
C) Passive rejection
D) Ranking of evidence

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following types of decision-making studies is most likely to be used to ensure that an innovation is practical and useful for point-of-care practice?

A) Initial trial
B) Pilot
C) Test case
D) Case study

Question 5

When nurses appraise evidence, which of the following elements are reviewed and evaluated to ensure that a study was sound?

A) Number of participants, the location of research, and the findings
B) Study design, where the research was conducted, and the findings
C) Number of participants, sponsor of the research, and the analysis methods
D) Study design, how the research was conducted, and the data analysis

Question 6

Which of the following types of studies are nurses most likely to appraise, are often found in nursing literature, and are important to the advancement of EBP?

A) Randomized experiments
B) Descriptive studies
C) Case control studies
D) Randomized controlled trials

Question 7

How do sample sizes in randomized controlled trials typically compare with other types of studies?

A) Sample sizes are larger and participants are recruited at multiple sites.
B) Sample sizes are varied in scope with participants from multiple sites.
C) Sample sizes are smaller and participants are recruited at multiple sites.
D) Sample sizes are limited in scope with participants from a single site.

Question 8

A nurse examining evidence from research studies on a given practice question would most likely use which of the following to make a recommendation about a practice change?

A) Evaluation system
B) Predetermined level
C) Evidence hierarchy
D) Knowledge tree

Question 9

Nurses can utilize resources designed to rank and evaluate evidence provided by which of the following organizations?

A) U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
B) Cochrane Collaboration
C) Joanna Briggs Institute
D) All of these are correct.

Question 10

Which of the following would most likely be used with a systematic approach to universally to rank the strength and quality of evidence?

A) AHRQ
B) GRADE
C) USPSTF
D) WHO

Question 11

If a nurse involved in a discussion with colleagues has the goal of determining the clinical significance of a study's findings examines the concept of the study's odds ratio, which of the following is the nurse investigating?

A) Risk of the outcome in the treated group compared to the risk in the control group
B) Percentage reduction in risk in the treated group compared to the control group
C) Odds of a patient requiring treatment over an extended period of time to prevent one adverse outcome
D) Odds of an experimental patient suffering an event compared to a patient in the control group

Question 12

What is a major benefit of using clinical practice guidelines?

A) They include possible variables that healthcare providers encounter when managing patient conditions.
B) They assist with identification of unique patient characteristics and preferences for treatment.
C) They provide recommendations from a panel of experts for best practice and patient care.
D) They set apart specific approaches to clinical management based on scientific evidence.

Question 13

Which of the following instruments might a nurse use to evaluate clinical practice guidelines prior to development and implementation?

A) AGREE II
B) Appraisal
C) EPC
D) NGC

Question 14

In deciding how to ethically apply evidence to decision making and practice at the point of care, a nurse might incorporate which of the following additional source of information?

A) The individual patient experience
B) Any policy or cost consideration
C) The clinical experience
D) All of these are correct.

Question 15

When a nurse is deciding how to apply evidence from a particular study to evidence-based practice, which of the following is an ethical concern the nurse must take into consideration because individual patients may not always have the exact same characteristics as the study subjects?

A) Reliability
B) Generalizability
C) Validity
D) Duplicity