Question 1

_______________ refers to the pairing of a stimulus and a response.&#10;A) Negative reinforcement&#10;B) Behaviorists&#10;C) Self-efficacy&#10;D) Classical conditioning

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning refers to the pairing of a stimulus and a response, where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a response due to its pairing with an unconditioned stimulus.

Question 2

According to the theory of operant conditioning, ______________ is when something unpleasant is removed, not when it is applied.&#10;A) response&#10;B) negative reinforcement&#10;C) reinforcement&#10;D) punishment

Accepted Answer

Negative reinforcement involves the removal of an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.

Question 3

According to the text, _________________ occurs through observing others.&#10;A) classical conditioning&#10;B) social cognitive learning&#10;C) operant conditioning&#10;D) stimulus and response

Accepted Answer

Social cognitive learning occurs through observing others, as it involves learning behaviors and skills by watching and imitating others.

Question 4

The phrase, &#34;Control the reinforcers, control the behavior&#34; is suggestive of __________ theory.&#10;A) Pavlov's&#10;B) Bandura's&#10;C) punishment&#10;D) Skinner's

Accepted Answer

The phrase refers to B.F. Skinner's theory of operant conditioning, where behavior is controlled by reinforcements (rewards or punishments).

Question 5

Learning theorists are known as ____________.&#10;A) behaviorists&#10;B) reinforcers&#10;C) ecologists&#10;D) human ecologists

Accepted Answer

Behaviorists are learning theorists who focus on the study of observable behaviors and the processes of learning through conditioning.

Question 6

The concept of a &#34;role model&#34; is consistent with which theory?&#10;A) Classical conditioning&#10;B) Social cognitive learning&#10;C) Operant conditioning&#10;D) Stimulus and response

Accepted Answer

Social cognitive learning theory emphasizes the role of observation and imitation in learning, which is consistent with the concept of a role model.

Question 7

Classical conditioning and the control of stimuli are associated with which theorist?&#10;A) Pavlov&#10;B) Skinner&#10;C) Bandura&#10;D) Freud

Accepted Answer

Ivan Pavlov is the theorist associated with classical conditioning, which involves learning through the association of stimuli.

Question 8

Bandura coined the phrase self-efficacy to describe our belief in our own ability to affect a desired outcome.

Accepted Answer

Albert Bandura introduced the concept of self-efficacy, which refers to an individual's belief in their capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance attainments.

Question 9

Operant conditioning refers to how the consequences of a behavior increase or decrease the likelihood that the behavior will happen again.

Accepted Answer

Operant conditioning is a learning process where behaviors are influenced by the consequences that follow them, such as rewards or punishments, which can increase or decrease the likelihood of the behavior being repeated.

Question 10

Skinner considered negative reinforcement to be the same thing as punishment.

Accepted Answer

Skinner distinguished between negative reinforcement and punishment; negative reinforcement involves removing an aversive stimulus to increase a behavior, while punishment involves adding or removing a stimulus to decrease a behavior.

Question 11

Bandura's work with social cognitive learning has very little implication for health teaching.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bandura's work with social cognitive learning has...

Deck 7: Pavlov, Skinner, and Bandura: Learning Perspective on Development